scholarly journals Associations between Child Snack and Beverage Consumption, Severe Dental Caries, and Malnutrition in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 7911
Author(s):  
Neha Zahid ◽  
Nehaa Khadka ◽  
Madhurima Ganguly ◽  
Tanya Varimezova ◽  
Bathsheba Turton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Child Health Services ◽  
Maternal Child Health ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Oral Health Promotion ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Sweetened Beverages

The global nutrition transition and increased consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and ultra-processed snacks have contributed to increasing rates of child obesity and dental caries in developing countries. In Nepal, where child malnutrition rates are high, the relationship between malnutrition and dental caries is poorly understood. This cross-sectional study aims to assess this relationship among a convenience sample of 273 children age six months to less than 12 years in three communities in Nepal, using parent/caregiver interviews, child dental exams, and anthropometric measurements. Fisher’s exact test and independent t-tests examined associations between dietary practices and severe caries and between severe caries and malnutrition, respectively. Children consumed sugar-sweetened beverages and processed snacks frequently: 80% consumed tea with sugar, 60% consumed sweet snacks, and 65% consumed processed savory snacks daily. Overall, 74% of children had untreated tooth decay, and 21% exhibited stunting malnutrition, 14% were underweight, and 6% presented wasting. Significant associations were found between daily consumption of sweets and processed snacks with severe caries and between severe caries and poorer nutritional status. These findings underscore the need to incorporate nutrition and oral health promotion and dental treatment into maternal–child health services and schools and to strengthen policies to reduce children’s access to junk food.

scholarly journals Association between overweight and consumption of ultra-processed food and sugar-sweetened beverages among vegetarians

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Augusto Cardoso da SILVEIRA ◽  
Sabrina Silva MENESES ◽  
Patrícia Teles QUINTANA ◽  
Valquíria de Souza SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Excessive Consumption

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the consumption of ultra-processed food and sugar-sweetened beverages and to identify the association of this consumption with overweight among vegetarians. Methods: A cross-sectional study with a convenience sampling method was conducted. Data were collected using an online questionnaire from 8/24/2015 to 10/8/2015. Subjects were male and female vegetarians aged >16 years. Using a food frequency questionnaire, we assessed the weekly consumption of ultra-processed food and sugar-sweetened beverages and described the frequency of daily consumption overall and according to type of vegetarianism. The association between overweight and excessive daily intake of ultra-processed food was analyzed by multiple logistic regression (OR [95CI%]). Results: Information was retrieved from 503 individuals (29.8±8.5 years old); 83.7% were women. The most frequent types of vegetarianism in our sample were ovo-lacto (45.5%) and vegan (41.7%), and the median time of vegetarianism was 5.3 years. The consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (≥2x/day) and ultra-processed food (≥3x/day) was 21.0% and 16.0%, respectively, and regarding the different vegetarianism types, vegans showed the lowest frequency of excessive daily sugar-sweetened beverages and ultra-processed food consumption. In the multivariable analysis, consumption of ultra-processed food ≥3x/day (2.33 [1.36-4.03]), male sex (1.73 [1.01-2.96]), age ≥35 years (2.03 [1.23-3.36]) and not preparing one’s food (1.67 [0.95-2.94]) were independently associated with overweight. Conclusion: Although vegetarianism is frequently associated with a healthier diet and, consequently, prevention of poor health outcomes, this study found that the excessive consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and ultra-processed food was associated with overweight.

scholarly journals Maternal and Child Nutrition and Oral Health in Urban Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (14) ◽  
pp. 2579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debbie Huang ◽  
Karen Sokal-Gutierrez ◽  
Kenny Chung ◽  
Wenting Lin ◽  
Linh Ngo Khanh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Nutrition Transition ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Oral Health Promotion ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
South Vietnam ◽  
Mothers And Children

The global nutrition transition has contributed to child obesity and dental caries in developing countries, including Vietnam. Few studies have described the nutrition and oral health of mothers and children. This a descriptive study of the nutrition and oral health characteristics of a convenience sample of 571 children aged 2 to 5 years and their mothers from 5 urban preschools in Central and South Vietnam. The mothers completed a written survey, and the children received dental exams and weight/height measurements. High rates of bottle-feeding and the consumption of sweets were reported. One in 4 children were overweight/obese. Dental caries increased in prevalence and severity by age—at 5 years, 86.7% of children had tooth decay in an average of 8.5 teeth, and 70.9% experienced mouth pain. Most mothers and children suffered from untreated dental disease. Public health programs should focus on nutrition and oral health promotion, as well as dental treatment from pregnancy and birth onward.

scholarly journals Effect of sugar-sweetened beverages on oral health: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Josefina Valenzuela ◽  
Beverley Waterhouse ◽  
Vishal R Aggarwal ◽  
Karen Bloor ◽  
Tim Doran
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies

Abstract Background The impact of consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) on health outcomes such as obesity have been studied extensively, but oral health has been relatively neglected. This study aims to assess the association between SSB consumption and dental caries and erosion. Methods Systematic review of observational studies. Search strategy applied to Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, SciELO, LILACS, OpenGrey and HMIC. The risk of bias was assessed using the NIH Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cross-Sectional Studies and evidence certainty using Grading of Recommendation Assessment Development and Evaluation. Relationships between SSB consumption and caries and erosion were estimated using random-effects model meta- and dose–response analyses. Results A total of 38 cross-sectional studies were included, of which 26 were rated as high quality. Comparing moderate-to-low consumption, there was significantly increased risk of both caries [OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.28–1.92; decayed, missing and filled teeth weighted mean differences (DMFT WMD) = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.38–1.26] and erosion (OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.01–2.03). Comparing high-to-moderate consumption, there was further increased risk of caries (OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.17–1.99; DMFT WMD = 1.16, 95% CI: −0.59–2.91) and erosion (OR = 3.09, 95% CI: 1.37–6.97). A dose–response gradient and high certainty of evidence was observed for caries. Conclusions Increasing SSB consumption is associated with increased risk of dental caries and erosion. Studies were cross-sectional, hence temporality could not be established, but the positive dose–response suggests this relationship is likely to be causal. These findings illustrate the potential benefits to oral health of policies that reduce SSB consumption, including sugar taxation.

scholarly journals Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Consumption and Associated Factors among Northeastern Chinese Children

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2233
Author(s):  
Xuxiu Zhuang ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Joel Gittelsohn ◽  
Emma Lewis ◽  
Shenzhi Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Weight ◽  
Chinese Children ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Convenience Stores ◽  
Pocket Money ◽  
At Home

(1) Background: The present study aimed to investigate the association between home-related factors, community environmental factors, and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) intake among Northeastern Chinese children. (2) Methods: Cross-sectional. Children with complete data were included in the analysis (n = 901). A questionnaire modified according to BEVQ-15 measured the intake of SSBs. Logistic regression was applied to determine the factors associated with the consumption of SSBs. IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0 was applied to perform all statistical analyses. (3) Results: The mean total amount of SSBs consumed on a weekly basis was 2214.04 ± 2188.62 mL. Children’s weekly pocket money, frequency of SSBs purchase, SSBs availability at home, the number of accessible supermarkets, and frequency of weekly visits to convenience stores were all found to be associated with a high intake of SSBs among all children. Among children of normal weight, the findings indicated that weekly pocket money, SSBs availability at home, and number of accessible supermarkets were associated with a high SSBs intake. At the same time, frequency of SSBs purchase, mother’s SSBs intake, and frequency of weekly visits to convenience stores were associated with a high SSBs intake among children with obesity. (4) Conclusions: Given the potential negative health effects of high SSBs intake, it is crucial to pay attention to home-related factors and community environment.

scholarly journals Prevalence of dental caries and associated factors among school-aged children in Tripoli, Libya: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hosam Alraqiq ◽  
Ahmid Eddali ◽  
Reema Boufis
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Maternal Employment ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Seventh Grade ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Background In many developing countries, the prevalence of dental caries has increased due to lifestyle changes, lack of preventive services, and inadequate access to dental care. In Arab countries, the increased prevalence of caries has correlated with economic growth over the past decades, resulting in greater access to unhealthy foods and higher consumption of sugar, particularly among children. However, few studies have assessed caries prevalence among pediatric populations in Arab countries. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of dental caries and factors associated with caries among children in Tripoli, Libya. Methods This cross-sectional study included a convenience sample of 1934 children in first grade (age 6–7 years, n = 1000) and seventh grade (age 11–12 years, n = 934). Four health centers in Tripoli were selected for screening based on location and participation in school-entry health examinations. Data were collected through self-administered parent surveys and visual dental screenings by trained examiners from September 24 to October 15, 2019. The survey comprised questions about socioeconomic characteristics and oral health behaviors, including toothbrushing, sugar consumption, and dental care history. During screenings, untreated decay, missing teeth, and filled teeth (DMFT or dmft) were recorded. Prevalence of tooth decay was calculated as the proportion of children with high DMFT/dmft scores. Binary logistic and negative binomial regression analyses (with significance at p ≤ 0.05) were used to assess factors associated with caries. Results Among 1000 first-grade children, 78.0% had decay in their primary teeth, with a mean dmft of 3.7. Among 934 seventh-grade children, 48.2% had caries in their permanent teeth, with a mean DMFT of 1.7. The most significant factors associated with caries prevalence were socioeconomic, such as screening site (first grade, p = 0.02; seventh grade, p < 0.001) and maternal employment (seventh grade, p = 0.02), and behavioral, such as toothbrushing duration (seventh grade, p = 0.01), past dental treatment (both grades, p < 0.001), and past emergency visit (both grades, p < 0.001). Conclusions Caries prevalence was associated with several behavioral and socioeconomic factors, including screening site, maternal employment, toothbrushing duration, past dental treatment, and past emergency visit. Efforts should be made to address these factors to minimize barriers and improve oral health behavior and care utilization. These findings can be used to evaluate current public health initiatives and inform future planning.

Abstract P074: Substituting Homemade Fruit Juice for Sugar-Sweetened Beverages is Associated with Lower Odds of Metabolic Syndrome among Hispanic Adults

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josiemer Mattei ◽  
Vasanti Malik ◽  
Frank B Hu ◽  
Hannia Campos
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Ethnic Subgroups

Introduction: Consumption of sugar sweetened beverages (SSB) has been consistently associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS), while results on the role of fruit juice intake are conflicting. Hispanics consume both SSB and traditional fruit-based beverages; however, studies conducted on such ethnic group are scarce. Given the high prevalence of MetS among Hispanics, describing putative contributors to this condition is essential in proposing approaches that may successfully reduce its prevalence and avoid further complications. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that substituting fruit-based beverages traditionally consumed by Hispanics for SSB may be associated with lower odds of MetS. Methods: To determine the cross-sectional association between beverages consumed by Hispanics, and MetS and its components, data were analyzed in 1,872 Costa Rican adults who served as controls of a population-based case-control study of coronary heart disease. Multivariate adjusted means were calculated for components of MetS by servings (never, <1/week, 2–6/week, ≥1/day) of two traditional fruit-based beverages (‘fresco’ and homemade fruit juice, separately) and two SSB (instant drinks and regular sodas, separately and combined). Prevalence ratio (PR) of MetS was calculated for each beverage, and odds ratio (OR) was calculated by substituting one serving of homemade fruit juice or water for one of SSB. Results: Significant positive trends were observed for increasing servings of instant drinks and combined SSB with plasma triglyceride and waist circumference, and for regular soda with waist circumference (all P -trend<0.001). Increasing servings of homemade fruit juice were associated positively with HDL-C ( P -trend=0.033). Consuming ≥1 serving/day of instant drinks was associated with higher PR of MetS (1.42, 95%CI: 1.11, 1.83) compared to no consumption; similar results were obtained for combined SSB. Substituting one serving of homemade fruit juice for instant drink was associated with 29% (95% CI=7, 47%) lower odds of MetS, and for regular soda with 30% (1, 50%) lower odds. Substituting water for combined SSB was marginally significant (OR=0.86 (0.74, 1.00). Conclusion: In conclusion, reducing consumption of SSB and substituting them with homemade fruit juices in moderation, may be a culturally-appropriate approach to lower metabolic syndrome among Hispanics. Our study provides the groundwork for interventions on beverage intake that aim to prevent MetS and type 2 diabetes in Hispanic ethnic subgroups, and may support current public health efforts on limiting availability and intake of SSB, while substituting with a healthy beverage.

scholarly journals Can Parenting Practices Moderate the Relationship between Reward Sensitivity and Adolescents’ Consumption of Snacks and Sugar-Sweetened Beverages?

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Van Lippevelde ◽  
Leentje Vervoort ◽  
Jolien Vangeel ◽  
Lien Goossens
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Reward Sensitivity ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Daily Intakes ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Reward sensitivity has been associated with adolescents’ intake of unhealthy snacks and sugar-sweetened beverages. However, so far, there are no studies published describing the impact of parenting practices on this relationship. The present study will, therefore, investigate whether food parenting practices can moderate the association between reward sensitivity and diet intakes. Method: A cross-sectional research study was conducted among 14- to 16-year old Flemish adolescents (n = 867, age 14.7 ± 0.8 y, 48.1% boys) and a subset of their parents (n = 131), collecting data on daily intakes, reward sensitivity, and food parenting practices. Linear regression was used to assess the moderation effect of parenting practices (both adolescent- and parent-reported) on the relationship between reward sensitivity, and diet using SPSS 25.0. Results: In the main analysis (adolescent-reported), no significant moderation effects were found for parenting practices on the relationship between reward sensitivity and diet. However, the sensitivity analysis (parent-reported) showed a moderation effect for health-reducing parenting practices on the association between reward sensitivity and unhealthy snack intake (β = 0.297, 95% CI = 0.062, 0.531, p = 0.01). Conclusion: Given the difference in the effect of parenting practices between the adolescent- and parent-reported data, our inconclusive findings warrant more research in larger adolescent-parent dyad samples.

scholarly journals Early Introduction of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Caries Trajectories from Age 12 to 48 Months

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (8) ◽  
pp. 898-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bernabé ◽  
H. Ballantyne ◽  
C. Longbottom ◽  
N.B. Pitts
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
First Year ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Over Time

Early exposure to sweet tastes predicts similar food preferences and eating behavior in later life and is associated with childhood obesity. The aim of this study was to explore the associations of early (during the first year of life) and subsequent intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) with 4-y caries trajectories among Scottish young children. We used data from 1,111 Scottish children who were followed annually from age 12 to 48 mo (4 sweeps in total). SSB intake was reported by parents in every sweep. SSB intake was broken down into 2 components, the initial SSB intake and the deviation over time from that initial value. Childhood dental caries was clinically determined (including noncavitated and cavitated lesions) every year. The association of SSB intake with baseline decayed, missing, and filled tooth surfaces (dmfs) (intercept) and rate of change in dmfs over time (slope) was examined in 2-level linear mixed-effects models, with repeated observations nested within children. Both the initial SSB intake and the deviation from the initial SSB intake were positively associated with steeper caries trajectories. By sweep 4, the predicted mean dmfs difference was 1.73 between children with low and high initial SSB intake (1 standard deviation below and above the mean) and 1.17 between children with low and high deviation from their initial SSB intake (1 SD below and above the mean). The findings of this prospective study among Scottish young children provide evidence that the introduction of SSBs during the first year of life can put children in a trajectory of high levels of dental caries. They support current recommendations to avoid sugars for very young children and interventions targeting early feeding practices for caries prevention.

scholarly journals Eating location is associated with the nutritional quality of the diet in Norwegian adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 915-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jannicke B Myhre ◽  
Elin B Løken ◽  
Margareta Wandel ◽  
Lene F Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Private Households ◽  
At Home

AbstractObjectiveTo study the association between dinner eating location and the nutritional quality of the specific dinner meal and the whole-day dietary intake and to compare the diets of those consuming ≥25 % of energy out of home and at school/work (SOH; substantial out-of-home eaters) with those consuming <25 % of energy out (NSOH; non-substantial out-of-home eaters).DesignCross-sectional dietary survey using two non-consecutive 24 h recalls. Recorded eating locations were at home, other private households, work/school, restaurant/cafeteria/fast-food outlet and travel/meeting.SettingNationwide, Norway (2010–2011).SubjectsAdults aged 18–70 years (n 1746).ResultsDinners at restaurants and other private households were higher in energy than home dinners (P < 0·01). Restaurant dinners contained less fibre (g/MJ; P < 0·01) and had a higher percentage of alcohol consumers (P < 0·05), while dinners at other private households had a higher percentage of energy from sugar (P < 0·001) and a higher percentage of consumers of sugar-sweetened beverages (P < 0·05) than home dinners. Most differences between dinners consumed at different eating locations were also observed in dietary intakes for the whole day. SOH-eaters had a higher energy intake (P < 0·01), a higher percentage of energy from sugar (P < 0·01) and a lower fibre intake (P < 0·01) than NSOH-eaters. The percentages of consumers of alcohol and sugar-sweetened beverages were higher (P < 0·01) among SOH-eaters.ConclusionsDinner eating location was significantly associated with the nutritional quality of the diet, both for the specific dinner meal and for whole-day intake. Our data generally point to healthier dinners being consumed at home. SOH-eaters had a less favourable dietary intake than NSOH-eaters.

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