scholarly journals Expectancy-Value Model Related to Physical Activity Behaviors in Chilean and Spanish Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8219
Author(s):  
Laura O. Gallardo ◽  
Alberto Abarca-Sos ◽  
Alberto Moreno Doña
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Perceived Competence ◽  
Group Model ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Expectancy Value ◽  
Essential Variable ◽  
Value Model ◽  
Weight Teasing

The purpose of the study is to comparatively test the expectancy-value model in Chilean and Spanish samples. The model proposes: a social world (composed of social support, physical activity teasing, and weight teasing), expectancy (composed of perceived competence and appearance), task values (composed of enjoyment and stress) to predict physical activity and intention to be physically active. Participants were 497 (Chilean) and 1365 (Spanish) adolescents. Structural equation models and multi-group modelling were used. All the models presented adequate fit to the data. The results show that physical activity teasing is a contextual and essential variable; perceived competence and enjoyment influenced physical activity and intentions to be physically active; some differences appeared in the prediction of physical activity and intentions to be physically active when the multi-group model was run. Culturally tailored interventions are key to improving physical activity (PA) behaviors.

Development of a Model of Achievement Behavior for Physical Activity

1989 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Deeter
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Task Value ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Choice Situation ◽  
Expectancy Value ◽  
Activity Setting ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Achievement Behavior ◽  
Value Model

The present study evaluated a cognitive expectancy-value model of achievement behavior in a physical activity setting. Based on Eccles et al.'s (1983) framework, expectancy variables and task value variables were hypothesized to predict indices of achievement behavior. Two samples of male and female university students (N1 =315; N2 = 146) enrolled in a required physical education skills program served as subjects. Two-sample structural equation modeling procedures showed no significant differences in the fit of the hypothesized model across samples, providing initial support for cross-validation. The overall fit of the model to the data was much better for Sample 2 than for Sample 1. Also, the expectancy components had a greater impact than the task value components on performance indices, a prediction consistent with Eccles et al.'s (1983) position. Future studies are needed to evaluate this model in a more free-choice situation involving nonrequired activities.

Mental distress and its associations with behavioral outcomes during the COVID-19: A national survey of Chinese adults (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Ma ◽  
Liwang Gao ◽  
Joseph Tak-Fai Lau ◽  
Rahman Atif ◽  
Blair T. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Behavioral Outcomes ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Negative Consequences

BACKGROUND This study primarily aimed to evaluate the associations between mental distress and COVID-19-related changes in behavioral outcomes, and potential modifiers (age, gender, and educational attainment) of such associations. OBJECTIVE The COVID -19 pandemic has led to elevated levels of mental distress attributed to prolonged lockdowns, business closures, and social isolation. Its impact on behavioral outcomes is however less known. This study is designed to primarily evaluate the associations between mental distress and COVID-19-related changes in drinking, smoking, physical activity and body weight, and potential modifiers of such associations including age, gender, and educational attainment. METHODS An online survey using anonymous network sampling was conducted in China during April-May, 2020 using a 74-item questionnaire distributed through social media. A national sample of 10,545 adults in 31 provinces provided data on socio-demographic characteristics, COVID-19-related mental distress, and changes in behavioral outcomes. Structural equation models were used for data analyses. RESULTS About 13% of adults reported experiencing at least one symptom of mental distress. After adjusting for age, education, gender, ethnicity, marital status, residence, and number of chronic conditions, greater mental distress was associated with increased smoking and alcohol consumption (among current smokers and drinkers) and with both increased and decreased physical activity. Underweight adults were more likely to lose body weight (≥1 kg) whereas overweight adults were more likely to gain weight by the same amount. The association between mental distress and change in physical activity was stronger in adults aged 40 and above and those with high education. Mental distress was significantly associated with an increase in smoking in males but not females. CONCLUSIONS Mental distress was associated with increased smoking in males but not females. These findings inform the design of tailored public health interventions aimed to mitigate long-term negative consequences of mental distress on outcomes.

scholarly journals Changes in Body Mass Index and Physical Activity Predict Changes in Vitality During a Weight Loss Trial in Breast Cancer Survivors

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 999-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly M Kenzik ◽  
Wendy Demark-Wahnefried ◽  
Patricia A Ganz ◽  
Graham Colditz ◽  
Cheryl L Rock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
The Mean

AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer survivors rank fatigue (e.g., decreased vitality) as their number one concern affecting quality of life. Excess adiposity is associated with decreased vitality in breast cancer survivors, yet weight loss intervention trials report inconsistent effects on this parameter.MethodsThis is a secondary analysis of the Exercise and Nutrition to Enhance Recovery and Good Health for You trial, in which 692 overweight or obese breast cancer survivors ≤5 years from diagnosis, initiated weight loss interventions, and completed assessments semi-annually for 2 years. Assessments included the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire and the SF-36 MOS vitality subscale as an inverse measure of fatigue. Multilevel structural equation models estimated the direct effects of physical activity on vitality and indirect effects through body mass index (BMI) changes.ResultsWithin-person findings show that at assessments with greater physical activity, BMI was significantly lower (B = −0.07, p < 0.001) and vitality was higher (B = 0.22, p < 0.001). However, there was no direct relationship between lower BMI and higher vitality (B = −0.11, p = 0.262) after controlling for the relationship of physical activity with BMI and physical activity with vitality. The between-person indirect effect of physical activity change through BMI change to vitality was significant (B = 0.03, p < 0.001). Participants whose physical activity was above the mean (B = 0.37, p < 0.001) and whose BMI was below the mean (B = −1.05, p < 0.001) were more likely to report greater vitality.ConclusionImprovements in vitality are primarily associated with increases in physical activity rather than BMI changes in this trial. Vitality was lower among survivors with higher BMI, although within-individual changes in BMI had no effect on vitality. Physical activity and weight loss share mechanistic links to vitality with physical activity potentially increasing (e.g., in an additive or synergistic manner) the effect of BMI reduction on vitality.

Influence of Perceived Sport Competence and Body Attractiveness on Physical Activity and other Healthy Lifestyle Habits in Adolescents

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 282-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Antonio Moreno-Murcia ◽  
Pedro Hellín ◽  
David González-Cutre ◽  
Celestina Martínez-Galindo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Lifestyle Habits ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Body Attractiveness ◽  
Sport Competence ◽  
Intention To Continue

The purpose of this study was to test an explanatory model of the relationships between physical self-concept and some healthy habits. A sample of 472 adolescents aged 16 to 20 answered different questionnaires assessing physical self-concept, physical activity, intention to be physically active and consumption of alcohol and tobacco. The results of the structural equation model showed that perceived sport competence positively correlated with current physical activity. Body attractiveness positively correlated with physical activity in boys and negatively in girls. Current physical activity positively correlated with the intention to be physically active in the future and negatively with the consumption of alcohol and tobacco. Nevertheless, this last relationship was only significant in boys. The results are discussed in connection with the promotion of healthy lifestyle guidelines among adolescents. This model shows the importance of physical self-concept for engaging in physical activity in adolescence. It also suggests that physical activity is associated with the intention to continue being physically active and with healthy lifestyle habits.

From Perception to Action: The Mediating Role of Parental Safety Concerns on Adolescents’ Physical Activity

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 652-659
Author(s):  
Chia-Yuan Yu ◽  
Ayoung Woo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Safety Concern ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
National Study ◽  
Critical Determinant ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Safety Concerns

Background:Parental safety concerns have been recognized as a critical determinant of adolescents’ physical activity. However, it is still uncertain what factors relate to parental safety concern, and how they, in turn, affect adolescents’ physical activity. This study explored the mediating relationships of parental safety concern on adolescents’ physical activity by considering personal, social, and built environmental factors.Methods:This cross-sectional analysis used the data from Growing Up in Ireland (GUI), a national study (N = 5212). A structural equation model (SEM) was used to evaluate the hypothesized framework.Results:50% of the adolescents engaged in at least 6 days of exercise every 14 days, at a rate of at least 20-minutes per day. Adolescents were more physically active when parents perceived higher levels of safety. Parents perceived their children as safe when they lived in areas with easy access to play spaces. Moreover, adolescents with more close friends and more friends with whom they could play were more physically active and their parents perceived higher levels of safety.Conclusions:Parental safety concerns may profoundly affect adolescent’s physical activity and the resulting health outcomes. Programs and policies should consider the importance of parental safety concerns in promoting adolescents’ physical activity.

scholarly journals Structural Equation Modelling applied to proposed Statistics Attitudes-Outcomes Model: A case of a University in South Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (5(J)) ◽  
pp. 222-239
Author(s):  
Bokang Ncube ◽  
Ntebogang Dinah Moroke
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Structural Equation Modelling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
First Year ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Expectancy Value ◽  
Equation Modelling ◽  
Significant Loading ◽  
Value Model

The purpose of the study is to investigate the structural relationships among constructs of the statistics attitudes-outcomes model (SA-OM) using exploratory structural equation modelling (ESEM) methodology. The sample consists of 583 first-year undergraduate students enrolled for statistics courses at the university in South Africa. ESEM reveal that all but two of the nine constructs have well to excellent reliability. To enhance the model, we deleted the eight variables. All other indicators have a significant loading into a construct. Congruency of the SA-OM and expectancy value model (EVM) is noted. The SRMR for all modified models are less than 0.10 suggesting that all these models have acceptable fit. Moreover, all the modified models have RMSE values within the ranges of adequate fit. On the contrary, all the models have unacceptable fit according to PCF, CFI, AGFI and PGFI statistics, i.e. according to all parsimony fit indices except the RMSE. The results also reveal that all incremental fit indices but the BBNFI approve the modified models as acceptable since most of these indices are almost equal to a cut-off point of 0.9. However, BBNNI disapprove the ML3 and ML5 models as being acceptable. A host of inconsistencies in fit indices are noted.

scholarly journals Exploring the importance of diversified physical activities in early childhood for later motor competence and physical activity level: a seven-year longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina S. Melby ◽  
Peter Elsborg ◽  
Glen Nielsen ◽  
Rodrigo A. Lima ◽  
Peter Bentsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
School Intervention ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
Motor Competence ◽  
Daily Physical Activities

Abstract Background Research indicates that childhood motor competence (MC) can predict physical activity (PA) levels later in life and it has been argued that frequently engaging in a wide diversity of physical activities will eventually improve children’s MC. However, no longitudinal or experimental studies have confirmed this theoretical rationale. The aims of this study are to explore the longitudinal associations between diversified physical activities at age six and later MC and PA (time spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA) (age nine and 13). Furthermore, we explore to what extent the longitudinal association between diversified physical activity and PA is mediated by MC. Methods Longitudinal data from the Copenhagen School Intervention Study were used for this analysis, where 704 participated (69% response rate). Diversified physical activity (self-reported), MC (The Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder battery of postural stability and locomotor skills) and PA (accelerometer) were assessed in the children at age six, age nine and age 13. A total of 654 participated in at least two of the measures and, therefore, were included in the analysis. Two structural equation models were constructed, with diversified physical activity at age six and MC and PA at age nine as predictors of PA and MC at age 13. Results The data from both models demonstrated good model fit. Diversified physical activity at 6 years of age was significantly associated with physical activity and MC at age 13, when adjusting for sex, age, intervention, weight, height, and previous levels of PA and MC. Diversified physical activity at age six was also positively associated with PA and MC at age nine, which were, in turn, positively related to PA at age 13 but to a lesser degree than diversified PA at age six. The association between diversified physical activity at age six and PA at age 13 was not mediated by MC at age nine. Conclusions The results of this study indicate that diversified physical activity at age six is important for the development of MC and PA in adolescence. Increasing the diversity of children’s daily physical activities, not only the amount and intensity, seems important for future PA behavior and thereby health promotion in a life course perspective.

Are BMI, Self-Perceptions, Motor Competence, Engagement, and Fitness Related to Physical Activity in Physical Education Lessons?

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 493-500
Author(s):  
Nadia Cristina Valentini ◽  
Glauber Carvalho Nobre ◽  
Mariele Santayana de Souza ◽  
Michael J. Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Perceived Competence ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Motor Competence ◽  
Object Control ◽  
Considerable Work

Background: Higher levels of actual and perceived motor competence are purported to lead to participation in physical activity (PA). Whereas considerable work has been published regarding motor and perceived competence and body mass index (BMI), much less is known about the association of these variables considering PA and engagement in physical education settings—the focus of the present study. Method: In 600 children (aged 3–10 y), PA during physical education lessons, locomotor skills, object control skills, perceived competence, and BMI (study 1) were assessed. In a subsample of 149 children, PA, engagement, and health-related fitness were assessed (study 2). Results: Structural equation model showed that in study 1, locomotor skills were the strongest variable in the early years, and object control skills were the strongest later, in explained PA. The regression analysis, in study 2, showed that BMI, object control skills, and engagement were significantly associated with PA and that appropriate motor engagement was the best predictor of PA. Conclusion: The authors extended previous research by providing evidence that motor competence varies across childhood in explaining participation in PA, and appropriate motor engagement plays a critical role in being active during lessons and was the strongest predictor of PA. BMI and self-perception were not significant in the models.

scholarly journals No More Bricks in the Wall: Adopting Healthy Lifestyles through Physical Education Classes

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 4860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubén Trigueros ◽  
Adolfo J. Cangas ◽  
José M. Aguilar-Parra ◽  
Joaquín F. Álvarez ◽  
Alexandre García-Más
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Psychological Control ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
School Students ◽  
Physically Active

Despite the multiple benefits associated with practicing physical activity regularly, less than 20% of the population do it on a daily basis. Physical education classes could contribute, during childhood and adolescence, to consolidating adherence to healthy lifestyle habits. The present study involved 606 secondary school students between the ages of 13 and 19. We analysed the relationships between the perception of psychological control and support for autonomy, the satisfaction and frustration of psychological needs, mind-wandering and mindfulness, positive and negative emotions, motivation towards physical education classes, physical activity and the intention to be physically active—all through a structural equation model, which presented acceptable goodness-of-fit indices. The results showed that students who feel more autonomous see that their psychological needs are met and feel emotionally positive; this will result in the development of autonomous motivation towards physical education classes and physical activity that, in turn, could lead to a greater intention to be physically active.

Correlates of participation in physical activity among older women in Israel: does ethno-cultural background matter?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Offer E Edelstein ◽  
Iris Vered ◽  
Orly Sarid
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Perceived Control ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Ethiopian Immigrants ◽  
Knowledge Variable ◽  
Intention To Participate

Abstract Osteoporosis and its related fractures are major public health concerns. Physical activity (PA) is crucial for bone density preservation and fractures prevention. Yet, gaps in understanding exist regarding how ethno-cultural backgrounds might shape attitudes, intentions and actual PA participation. Based on the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) for predicting PA, the aims of this study were: (i) to compare attitudes, subjective norms, perceived control, intentions and knowledge, across four ethno-cultural groups; (ii) to evaluate the fit of the model we constructed across four ethno-cultural groups of women: Israeli-born Jews and Israeli-born Bedouin-Muslims, immigrants from the Former Soviet Union (FSU) and Ethiopian immigrants. Four hundred women (one hundred from each group), aged >65, completed valid and reliable questionnaires assessing knowledge, TPB components and actual PA. The level of knowledge on osteoporosis was relatively low among all four ethno-cultural groups. Intention to participate in PA was the only variable that directly predicted actual PA. Intention to participate in PA served as a mediator among attitudes, subjective norms, perceived control and actual PA. The structural equation models (SEMs) revealed that among Israeli-born Jews and Ethiopian immigrants, TPB components mediated the link between knowledge and intention to participate in PA. Among FSU immigrants and Israeli Bedouin-Muslims, the knowledge variable was not included in the final model, as its contribution was not significant. It is essential to better understand and augment interventions that enhance PA in the community, and to address the unique needs of each ethno-cultural group.

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