scholarly journals Radon Activity Concentrations in Natural Hot Spring Water: Dose Assessment and Health Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 920
Author(s):  
Eka Djatnika Nugraha ◽  
Masahiro Hosoda ◽  
June Mellawati ◽  
Untara Untara ◽  
Ilsa Rosianna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Dose Assessment ◽  
West Java

The world community has long used natural hot springs for tourist and medicinal purposes. In Indonesia, the province of West Java, which is naturally surrounded by volcanoes, is the main destination for hot spring tourism. This paper is the first report on radon measurements in tourism natural hot spring water in Indonesia as part of radiation protection for public health. The purpose of this paper is to study the contribution of radon doses from natural hot spring water and thereby facilitate radiation protection for public health. A total of 18 water samples were measured with an electrostatic collection type radon monitor (RAD7, Durridge Co., USA). The concentration of radon in natural hot spring water samples in the West Java region, Indonesia ranges from 0.26 to 31 Bq L−1. An estimate of the annual effective dose in the natural hot spring water area ranges from 0.51 to 0.71 mSv with a mean of 0.60 mSv for workers. Meanwhile, the annual effective dose for the public ranges from 0.10 to 0.14 mSv with an average of 0.12 mSv. This value is within the range of the average committed effective dose from inhalation and terrestrial radiation for the general public, 1.7 mSv annually.

scholarly journals Hydrochemical characteristics of the hot spring waters in the Kangding district related to the Lushan <i>M</i><sub>S</sub> 7.0 earthquake in Sichuan, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 7293-7308
Author(s):  
Z. Chen ◽  
X. Zhou ◽  
J. Du ◽  
C. Xie ◽  
L. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Carbonate Rocks ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Lushan Earthquake ◽  
Hydrochemical Characteristics ◽  
Hydrochemical Data ◽  
Deep Earth ◽  
Precipitation Water

Abstract. Hydrogeochemistry of 10 hot springs in the Kangding district was investigated by analyzing cation and anion concentrations of the spring waters. The water samples were collected within 5 days after the Lushan earthquake. The spring waters are classified into 7 chemical types based on the hydrochemical compositions. Comparison with the hydrochemical data before the Lushan earthquake, concentrations of Ca2+, HCO3− and TDS of the waters from the Guanding, Erdaoqiao, Gonghe, Erhaoying, Tianwanhe and Caoke springs evidently increased, which resulted from enhancing interaction between deep-earth fluids and carbonate rocks by the increment of dissolved CO2 in the groundwater. Concentrations of Na+, Cl− and SO42− of the waters from the Guanding, zheduotang, Xinxing and Gonghe springs were decreased, indicating dilution of precipitation water. Concentrations of Na+ and SO42− of the Erhaoying spring water increased, which may be attributed to the more supplement of fluids enriched in sulfur. The results indicate that hydrochemical components of spring water can be used as an effective indicator for earthquakes.

scholarly journals Hydrochemical characteristics of hot spring waters in the Kangding district related to the Lushan <i>M</i><sub>S</sub> = 7.0 earthquake in Sichuan, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1149-1156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Chen ◽  
X. Zhou ◽  
J. Du ◽  
C. Xie ◽  
L. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Carbonate Rocks ◽  
Carbonate Rock ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Shallow Waters ◽  
Hydrochemical Characteristics ◽  
Hydrochemical Data ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

Abstract. Hydrogeochemistry of 10 hot springs in the Kangding district was investigated by analyzing cation and anion concentrations in the spring water. The water samples were collected in the 5 days after the Lushan MS = 7.0 earthquake, which occurred on 20 April 2013. The spring waters are classified into seven chemical types based on their hydrochemical compositions. Compared with hydrochemical data before the Lushan earthquake, concentrations of Ca2+, HCO3- and total dissolved solid (TDS) in water samples from the Guanding, Erdaoqiao, Gonghe, Erhaoying, Tianwanhe and Caoke springs significantly increased, which may be the result of a greater increase in groundwater from carbonate rocks, and water–carbonate rock interactions, enhanced by the increment of CO2. Concentrations of Na+, Cl- and SO42- in water samples from the Guanding, Zheduotang, Xinxing and Gonghe springs decreased, indicating a dilution of shallow waters. Concentrations of Na+ and SO42- in water samples from the Erhaoying spring water increased, which may be attributed to water–granite interactions enhanced by H2S. The results indicated that hydrochemical components of spring water could be used as an effective indicator for earthquakes.

Radiation exposure of the staff at the therapeutic and diagnostic nuclear medicine department

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (04) ◽  
pp. 175-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dolezal
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Personal Dosimetry ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Administered Activity

SummaryAim: To assess a radiation exposure and the quality of radiation protection concerning a nuclear medicine staff at our department as a six-year retrospective study. Therapeutic radionuclides such as 131I, 153Sm, 186Re, 32P, 90Y and diagnostic ones as a 99mTc, 201Tl, 67Ga, 111In were used. Material, method: The effective dose was evaluated in the period of 2001–2006 for nuclear medicine physicians (n = 5), technologists (n = 9) and radiopharmacists (n = 2). A personnel film dosimeter and thermoluminescent ring dosimeter for measuring (1-month periods) the personal dose equivalent Hp(10) and Hp(0,07) were used by nuclear medicine workers. The wearing of dosimeters was obligatory within the framework of a nationwide service for personal dosimetry. The total administered activity of all radionuclides during these six years at our department was 17,779 GBq (99mTc 14 708 GBq, 131I 2490 GBq, others 581 GBq). The administered activity of 99mTc was similar, but the administered activity of 131I in 2006 increased by 200%, as compared with the year 2001. Results: The mean and one standard deviation (SD) of the personal annual effective dose (mSv) for nuclear medicine physicians was 1.9 ± 0.6, 1.8 ± 0.8, 1.2 ± 0.8, 1.4 ± 0.8, 1.3 ± 0.6, 0.8 ± 0.4 and for nuclear medicine technologists was 1.9 ± 0.8, 1.7 ± 1.4, 1.0 ± 1.0, 1.1 ± 1.2, 0.9 ± 0.4 and 0.7 ± 0.2 in 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 and 2006, respectively. The mean (n = 2, estimate of SD makes little sense) of the personal annual effective dose (mSv) for radiopharmacists was 3.2, 1.8, 0.6, 1.3, 0.6 and 0.3. Although the administered activity of 131I increased, the mean personal effective dose per year decreased during the six years. Conclusion: In all three professional groups of nuclear medicine workers a decreasing radiation exposure was found, although the administered activity of 131I increased during this six-year period. Our observations suggest successful radiation protection measures at our department.

MEASUREMENT OF THE ACTIVITY CONCENTRATIONS OF GAMMA EMITTING RADIONUCLIDES IN TOOTHPASTE SAMPLES AND ASSESSMENT OF THE CORRESPONDING ANNUAL EFFECTIVE DOSES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anas M Ababneh ◽  
Qutad M Samarah
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Dose Assessment ◽  
Accidental Ingestion ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Effective Doses

Abstract It is inevitable that we are exposed to radiation daily from various sources and products that we consume on daily basis. The use of toothpaste for oral hygiene is one of the most common daily practices by humans and yet very little data are available regarding its radiation content. In this work, we investigated the concentrations of gamma emitting radionuclides in toothpaste samples consumed in Jordan. 40K and 226Ra were detected in almost one-third of the samples, whereas 228Ra was detected in nearly half of them. The corresponding activity concentrations in the detected samples were in the ranges of 68.7–154.2, 4.6–14.1 and 1.3–10.0 Bq/kg, respectively. Dose assessment of accidental ingestion of toothpaste for children and adults was made, and its contribution to the annual effective dose was found to be very minimal with maximum doses of ~2.9 and 1.3 μSv for children and adults, respectively.

Evaluation of Gross Alpha and Beta Activity Concentrations and Annual Effective Dose in Drinking Waters of Misan Province-Iraq Using Low Background Gas Flow Proportional Counter (LB- 4110)

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Sawsan Sh. Fleifil ◽  
Zahraa A. Ismail AL-Sudani
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Proportional Counter ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Beta Activity ◽  
Low Background ◽  
Background Gas

In this study, assessment of levels natural radioactivity in drinking water samples of Misan Province of Iraq was carried out. A total of 33 (Tigris river, station and Tap) water samples collected from eleven places in Misan Province of Iraq. The beta and alpha gross radioactivity of the samples water was measured and an average annual effective dose derived of drinking-water ingestion was estimation utilizing new model a LB-4110 low background gas flow proportional counter. The data indicated that the Beta and Alpha gross activities and annual effective dose in samples did not exceed WHO recommended levels (0.5 Bq/L of Alpha gross, 1.0 Bq/L of Beta gross and 0.1 mSv/y for annual effective dose).

scholarly journals Geochemical Modeling of Scale Formation due to Cooling and CO2-degassing in San Kamphaeng Geothermal Field, Northern Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sutthipong Taweelarp ◽  
Supanut Suntikoon ◽  
Thaned Rojsiraphisal ◽  
Nattapol Ploymaklam ◽  
Schradh Saenton
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Geochemical Modeling ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Geothermal Field ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Northern Thailand ◽  
Scaling Potential ◽  
Co2 Degassing

Scaling in a geothermal piping system can cause serious problems by reducing flow rates and energy efficiency. In this work, scaling potential of San Kamphaeng (SK) geothermal energy, Northern Thailand was assessed based on geochemical model simulation using physical and chemical properties of hot spring water. Water samples from surface seepage and groundwater wells, analyzed by ICP-OES and ion chromatograph methods for chemical constituents, were dominated by Ca-HCO3 facies having partial pressure of carbon dioxide of 10–2.67 to 10–1.75 atm which is higher than ambient atmospheric CO2 content. Surface seepage samples have lower temperature (60.9°C) than deep groundwater (83.1°C) and reservoir (127.1°C, based on silica geothermometry). Geochemical characteristics of the hot spring water indicated significant difference in chemical properties between surface seepage and deep, hot groundwater as a result of mineral precipitation along the flow paths and inside well casing. Scales were mainly composed of carbonates, silica, Fe-Mn oxides. Geochemical simulations based on multiple chemical reaction equilibria in PHREEQC were performed to confirm scale formation from cooling and CO2-degassing processes. Simulation results showed total cumulative scaling potential (maximum possible precipitation) from 267-m deep well was estimated as 582.2 mg/L, but only 50.4% of scaling potential actually took place at SK hot springs. In addition, maximum possible carbon dioxide outflux to atmosphere from degassing process in SK geothermal field, estimated from the degassing process, was 6,960 ton/year indicating a continuous source of greenhouse gas that may contribute to climate change. Keywords: Degassing, Geochemical modeling, PHREEQC, San Kamphaeng Hot Springs, Scaling

scholarly journals Growth in Acanthamoeba sp. and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Legionella micdadei Isolated from Hot Spring Water Samples

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATSUNORI FURUHATA ◽  
KIKUMI OGIHARA ◽  
RUMI OKUNO ◽  
KENJI OONAKA ◽  
MASAFUMI FUKUYAMA
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Legionella Micdadei

scholarly journals Perception and lived experience on health effects of natural hot spring water bath

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Sirjana Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Water Bath ◽  
Positive Effects

Background: Natural hot spring bath has enormous health benefits. The water found in natural hot springs contains a variety of different minerals which shows positive benefits on rheumatism, skin diseases, gastritis, sinusitis, cardiac diseases, joint pain and many more. The healing effect is mostly from mineral composition.Methods: Phenomenological study was conducted on twenty-one participants who were taking natural hot spring water bath in Singha tatopani, Myagdi. Each participant was randomly selected. Eight In-depth interview and two focus group discussion were used for collecting information. People who have immediate bath experience were included in the study and those who were ill and not able to response the question due to illness were excluded from the study. Informed consent was taken from each participant before participation. Afterwards transcripts were transcribe and translated in English and analyzed using thematic analysis was done with the means of Ms. Excel.Results: Participants perceived natural hot spring water bath has positive effects on health and experience large sweating and excretion of urine while bathing. It helps to run their digestive system smoothly, improve blood circulation, and prevent skin problem, relief uric acid, sinusitis, pneumonia, tonsillitis, nose allergy, chest allergy, bronchitis and insomnia. Hot spring foment their pain organ and promote health of accidental victims, physically handicapped people, minimized uterine problem of women, eye itching and epiphora (watery eye).Conclusions: Common diseases Gastritis, rheumatism, skin disease, uric acid can be relieved by taking natural hot spring water bath as well as it help to promote and improve their health status. That’s why natural hot spring water bath can be a beneficial for improvement of public health.

scholarly journals Risk Assessment of Occupational Exposure of Workers Engaged in Radiation Practice without Monitoring Devices

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Akinlade Bidemi I. ◽  
Akisanya Daniel F. ◽  
Badmus Biodun S.
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Thermoluminescent Dosimeters ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Occupational Dose ◽  
Radiation Workers ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Monitoring Devices

Objective: This study was carried out to evaluate occupational dose of personnel, engaged in radiation work without wearing monitoring device, at five diagnostic centres in Abeokuta, Ogun State metropolis, namely, Rainbow, New image, Bethel, Akinolugbade and Abiolad.  Materials and Methods: Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) obtained from Radiation Protection Services, Lagos State University (LASU), Ojo were used for dose measurements. LASU is accredited by the Nigerian Nuclear Regulatory Authority (NNRA) to provide radiation monitoring services. The TLDs were distributed to each of the centre for personnel and area (control and supervised) monitoring. The period of exposure of the TLDs was three months. The exposed TLDs were returned to LASU for processing. The effective dose received by personnel per quarter was extrapolated to annual effective dose to make comparison with the International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP) recommended dose limit. The stochastic effect of the measured dose was also estimated.  Results: Annual effective dose received by all personnel ranged from 1.16 - 2.54 mSv. While the highest value was obtained by personnel at Bethel diagnostic centre, the lowest value was obtained at Akinolugbade. The risk of cancer associated with these values, estimated for a million population, was 112 and 61 at Bethel and Akinolugbade respectively. Conclusion: This study showed that the annual effective doses to personnel at these centres were below the ICRP recommended dose of 20 mSv per annum. However, the Managements of these diagnostic centres should provide monitoring devices for their radiation workers in line with NNRA authorization requirements.

scholarly journals Hydrochemical Characteristics of Groundwater at the Epicenter of the 2021 Biru M6.1 Earthquake in Central Tibet

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 3111
Author(s):  
Pengtao Yang ◽  
Xiaolong Sun ◽  
Dongying Liu ◽  
Zhongtai He ◽  
Yongsheng Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Chemical Characteristic ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
Seismogenic Fault ◽  
Epicentral Area ◽  
Groundwater Environment ◽  
Central Tibet

Groundwater is undoubtedly important for water security and eco-environmental protection, especially in areas that experience earthquakes. Analyzing the characteristics and variation of groundwater after an earthquake is significant to obtain a better understanding of the seismic risk and rational management of groundwater resources. This study investigated the hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater at the epicenter of the 2021 Biru M6.1 earthquake in central Tibet, southwest China, using 23 water samples. The results showed that: (1) the hydrochemical type, hydrogen and oxygen isotope ratios, and SiO2 concentrations of three hot spring water samples in the study area were significantly different from those of samples taken elsewhere, indicating that the hot spring water originates from deeper geothermal reservoirs and has undergone more distant migration and longer fractionation processes; (2) the geochemical characteristics of groundwater from some sampling sites in the epicentral area were apparently distinct from those of other shallow groundwater or surface water samples, suggesting that the groundwater environment in the epicentral area has been affected by the earthquake. Along with the macroscopic groundwater responses in the epicentral area after the earthquake, we investigated the influencing mechanisms of the earthquake on the regional groundwater environment. We conclude that a shorter distance from the epicenter to the seismogenic fault leads to a greater possibility of the generation of new fractures, which then induce macroscopic responses and chemical characteristic variations for groundwater.

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