scholarly journals Effects of the Health-Awareness-Strengthening Lifestyle Program in a Randomized Trial of Young Adults with an At-Risk Mental State

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1959
Author(s):  
Ching-Lun Tsai ◽  
Ya-Wen Lin ◽  
Hsing-Chi Hsu ◽  
Mei-Ling Lou ◽  
Hsien-Yuan Lane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Health Awareness ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
At Risk Mental State

Background: Increasing health awareness in health promotion is considered as one of the less stigmatized interventions for improving help-seeking behaviors and total well-being. This study aimed to explore the short-term and long-term effectiveness of the health-awareness-strengthening lifestyle (HASL) program on Taiwanese young adults with at-risk mental state. Methods: A pre- and post-test randomized trial was conducted on 92 young adults with at-risk mental state. The HASL program was provided to the experimental group as intervention, and it was only provided to the control group passively by request after the post-test for ethical reasons. The program was conducted once every six weeks, 60–90 min per session, for a total of three times. Mental health risk, anxiety level, health promotion lifestyles, quality of life, physiological index, and physical exercises were assessed one week before and after the program for both groups and followed up to 6 and 12 months for experimental group only. Results: Compared to the control group, those in the experimental group showed significant improvements regarding anxiety level, health promotion lifestyles, and quality of life one week after participating in the program. Furthermore, the experimental group also showed an additional long-term positive effect on mental risk, physical exercises, and physical health after the follow-ups. Conclusions: The outcomes highlighted the interventions of the HASL program leading to more positive health effects on young adults with at-risk mental state. The implementation of similar clinical service is recommended for young adults with at-risk mental state.

scholarly journals Efficiency of an Online Health-Promotion Program in Individuals with At-Risk Mental State during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 11875
Author(s):  
Ching-Lun Tsai ◽  
Cheng-Hao Tu ◽  
Jui-Cheng Chen ◽  
Hsien-Yuan Lane ◽  
Wei-Fen Ma
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Health Promotion Program ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Promotion Program ◽  
Mental Health Issues ◽  
At Risk Mental State

Mental health issues caused by the COVID-19 pandemic greatly impact people’s daily lives. Individuals with an at-risk mental state are more vulnerable to mental health issues, and these may lead to onset of full psychotic illnesses. This study aimed to develop and evaluate an online health-promotion program for physical and mental health of the individuals with at-risk mental state during the COVID-19 pandemic. A single group study with pre- and post-tests was conducted in 39 young adults with at-risk mental state. The participants were provided with the online health-promotion program after completing the pretest. Via social media, the online counseling program released one topic of material (about 15–20 min) every two weeks and provided interactive counseling for specific personal health needs on the platform. Study questionnaires, physiological examination, and blood serum examination were completed at both pre- and post-tests. The participants showed significant improvements in mental risk, anxiety, and physical activity after participating in the program. Furthermore, those who did not complete the program had significantly more severe negative symptoms. These results imply that the online health-promotion program is effective and accessible under certain barriers such as the COVID-19 pandemic, but not for individuals with higher risk of more negative mental health symptoms.

Long-term rates of remission and late psychotic transition of individuals at risk for psychosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S186-S186 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Beck ◽  
C. Andreou ◽  
E. Studerus ◽  
L. Egloff ◽  
U. Heitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
At Risk Mental State

IntroductionIn the growing research field of early psychosis detection in patients with an at risk mental state (ARMS), most studies focus on the transition to frank psychosis. However, the majority of ARMS patients do not go on to develop frank psychosis and reported transition rates are declining. Little is known about the long-term outcome of these non-transitioned patients (ARMS-NT).ObjectivesTo investigate in preliminary analyses the long-term outcome of ARMS-NT patients with respect to persistence of ARMS signs and symptoms and the rates of late psychotic transition.MethodsThe ongoing study “FePsy-BHS-NT” follows up ARMS-NT without transition during at least the first two years for up to 15 years after their initial assessment. ARMS status is ascertained with the Basel Screening Instrument for Psychosis (BSIP). ARMS remission is defined as the absence of attenuated psychotic symptoms or brief limited intermittent psychotic symptoms for at least 12 consecutive months.ResultsIn this preliminary sample of 51 ARMS-NT, the majority of patients (70.6%) have remitted from their at risk mental state, 13.7% remain at risk and 15.7% have made a late psychotic transition during the course of long-term follow up (median = 5.75, range 4–11 years after initial assessment).ConclusionsThe considerable rates of ARMS persistence and late psychotic transition indicate that longer follow-up durations than commonly recommended should be contemplated in ARMS patients. Potential predictors of favorable long-term clinical outcome, as well as psychosocial, neurocognitive and other outcomes of ARMS-NT patients will be further evaluated in the present study.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF USING POWERPOINT PRESENTATIONS IN ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF SOCIAL AND NATIONAL STUDIES IN THE FIFTH GRADE STUDENTS AT-RISK FOR LEARNING DISABILITIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-202
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Rajab Abbas Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Students At Risk ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
Post Test ◽  
National Studies ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of using PowerPoint presentations in academic achievement of Social and National Studies in the fifth grade students at-risk for learning disabilities at Najran in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The sample of the study consisted of (10) students at-risk for learning disabilities; it was divided randomly into two equal groups: control and experimental. The students in the experimental group have studied the first unit who it consists of five lessons in Social and National Studies by using PowerPoint presentations; however, the students in the control group were received their teaching by using traditional tool (blackboard and chalk). The Social and National Studies Academic Achievement Test: was applied for two groups as pre-test and post-test. Results revealed that the students taught Social and National Studies with PowerPoint presentations performed better than their counterparts taught with traditional tool (blackboard and chalk) in favor of the students in the experimental group.

scholarly journals Effect of Long-Term Training on Sand on Co-Contraction of Ankle Joint in Individuals with Pronated Feet

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Fatollahi ◽  
Amir Ali Jafarnezhadgero
Keyword(s):  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Joint Stability ◽  
Limb Injuries ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Experimental Group

Introduction: Foot pronation can lead to different lower limb injuries. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of long-term training on sand on ankle joint co-contraction in individuals with pronated feet during walking. Methods: The present study was a randomised controlled clinical trial type. Statistical samples of the present study included 15 males with excessive pronated feet in the control group and 15 males with excessive pronated feet in the experimental group which was selected with available sampling. During both pre and post-test, muscle activities were recorded by an 8-channel electromyography system during walking. The eight weeks training on sand (3 sessions per week) was only done in the experimental group. Two-way ANOVA with repeated measure test was used for statistical analysis at the significant level of P<0.05. Results: The results demonstrated greater ankle directed co-contraction during post-test compared with the pre-test in the experimental group (p=0.034). Other components of ankle co-contraction did not demonstrate any significant differences during post-test compared with pre-test (P>0.05). Conclusion: It seems that an increase in directed ankle joint contraction due to sand training may be associated with improvement in ankle joint stability. Further study is warranted.

scholarly journals Delusion formation and reasoning biases in those at clinical high risk for psychosis

2007 ◽  
Vol 191 (S51) ◽  
pp. s38-s42 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Broome ◽  
L. C. Johns ◽  
I. Valli ◽  
J. B. Woolley ◽  
P. Tabraham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Intolerance Of Uncertainty ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Jumping To Conclusions ◽  
At Risk Mental State

BackgroundCognitive models propose that faulty appraisal of anomalous experiences is critical in developing psychosis, particularly delusions. A data gathering bias may be fundamental to abnormal appraisalAimsTo examine whether there is a data gathering bias in people at high risk of developing psychosisMethodIndividuals with an at-risk mental state (n=35) were compared with a matched group of healthy volunteers (n=23). Participants were tested using a modified version of the ‘beads’ reasoning task with different levels of task difficultyResultsWhen task demands were high, the at-risk group made judgements on the basis of less information than the control group (P < 0.05). Within both groups, jumping to conclusions was directly correlated with the severity of abnormal beliefs and intolerance of uncertainty (P<0.05). In the at-risk group it was also associated with impaired working memory (P<0.05), whereas in the control group poor working memory was associated with a more conservative response style (P<0.05)ConclusionsPeople with an at-risk mental state display a jumping to conclusions reasoning style, associated with impaired working memory and intolerance of uncertainty. This may underlie a tendency to develop abnormal beliefs and a vulnerability to psychosis

scholarly journals Long-term validity of the At Risk Mental State (ARMS) for predicting psychotic and non-psychotic mental disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Fusar-Poli ◽  
G. Rutigliano ◽  
D. Stahl ◽  
C. Davies ◽  
A. De Micheli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
At Risk Mental State

AbstractBackgroundThe long-term clinical validity of the At Risk Mental State (ARMS) for the prediction of non-psychotic mental disorders is unknown.MethodsClinical register-based cohort study including all non-psychotic individuals assessed by the Outreach And Support in South London (OASIS) service (2002–2015). The primary outcome was risk of developing any mental disorder (psychotic or non-psychotic). Analyses included Cox proportional hazard models, Kaplan–Meier survival/failure function and C statistics.ResultsA total of 710 subjects were included. A total of 411 subjects were at risk (ARMS+) and 299 not at risk (ARMS−). Relative to ARMS−, the ARMS+ was associated with an increased risk (HR = 4.825) of developing psychotic disorders, and a reduced risk (HR = 0.545) of developing non-psychotic disorders (mainly personality disorders). At 6-year, the ARMS designation retained high sensitivity (0.873) but only modest specificity (0.456) for the prediction of psychosis onset (AUC 0.68). The brief and limited intermittent psychotic symptoms (BLIPS) subgroup had a higher risk of developing psychosis, and a lower risk of developing non-psychotic disorders as compared to the attenuated psychotic symptoms (APS) subgroup (P < 0.001).ConclusionsIn the long-term, the ARMS specifically predicts the onset of psychotic disorders, with modest accuracy, but not of non-psychotic disorders. Individuals meeting BLIPS criteria have distinct clinical outcomes.Significant outcomesIn the long-term, the ARMS designation is still significantly associated with an increased risk of developing psychotic disorders but its prognostic accuracy is only modest. There is no evidence that the ARMS is associated with an increased risk of developing non-psychotic mental disorders. The BLIPS subgroup at lower risk of developing non-psychotic disorders compared to the APS subgroup.LimitationsWhile incident diagnoses employed in this study are high in ecological validity they have not been subjected to formal validation with research-based criteria.

Treating Prodromal Psychosis in Slovenia

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
M. Blinc ◽  
B. Novak ◽  
B. Avgustin ◽  
M. Agius
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Group Psychotherapy ◽  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Psychotic Illness ◽  
Readmission Rates ◽  
Prodromal Phase ◽  
At Risk Mental State

This presentation describes an ongoing program in Ljubljana.The program originated with one psychiatrist [MB] who began to offer treatment with antipsychotics- typicals with the earliest patients, and later atypicals, in particular olanzapine, in very low doses [e.g.2.5 mg olanzapine], often combined with group psychotherapy, in patients considered to be at the initial [prodromal or ‘at risk mental state’] phase of developing a psychotic illness. Often, where indicated, antidepressants and occasionally anxiolytics were also added to the treatment. Thus this program differed substantially from other well known studies of treatment in the prodrome [e.g. Melbourne and Yale], and developed independently of them.It has been shown by repeated clinical evaluation of the patients that these patients were indeed originally in the prodromal phase of psychotic illness.Many patients have now been followed over several years as they developed into full first episodes of psychosis and for some years later.The presentation will describe the process of how the patients were treated, and how their illness developed.The presentation will describe results, of a study comparing outcomes of treatment in the prodrome by this method, with treatment of patients who presented with psychotic illness in the usual way, with long DUP. This shows long term advantages in terms of severity of symptoms, reduced relapse and readmission rates, better employment results, and improved relationships among the patients treated in the prodrome.

The effectiveness of positive training on happiness, aggression and hope in adolescents with leukemia in Ahvaz

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzieh . Shamkhani ◽  
Ali . Khalafi
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Aggression Questionnaire ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Period Measurement

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of positive learning on happiness, Aggression and hope for adolescents with leukemia in Ahvaz. The sample consisted of 30 people who were selected by available sampling method. 15 subjects in the experimental group and 15 in the control group were randomly assigned. The experimental design was a pre-test-post-test type with control group and follow-up period. Measurement tools included Oxford Happiness Inventory (Argyle, 1989); Ahwaz's Aggression Questionnaire (Zahedifar, Najarian, and Shokrkon, 2000); Hope Scale (Schneider, 1991). To run, at first, the pre-test was taken from both groups. Then, the experimental group was trained in 14 sessions of 90 minutes, and after each group, they were subjected to post-test. And one month later, the follow-up process was completed. Data analysis was performed using multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) and one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The results showed that positive attitudes toward happiness, aggressiveness and hopefulness of adolescents with leukemia in Ahvaz were effective.

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