scholarly journals Movement Patterns in Students Diagnosed with ADHD, Objective Measurement in a Natural Learning Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 3870
Author(s):  
Mireia Sempere-Tortosa ◽  
Francisco Fernández-Carrasco ◽  
Ignasi Navarro-Soria ◽  
Carlos Rizo-Maestre
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
The Body ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Strengths And Difficulties

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is the most common neuropsychological disorder in childhood and adolescence, affecting the basic psychological processes involved in learning, social adaptation and affective adjustment. From previous research, the disorder is linked to problems in different areas of development, with deficiencies in psychological processes leading to the development of the most common characteristics of the disorder such as inattention, excess of activity and lack of inhibitory control. As for the diagnosis, in spite of being a very frequent disorder, there are multiple controversies about which tools are the most suitable for evaluation. One of the most widespread tools in the professional field is behavior inventories such as the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires for Parents and Teachers or the ADHD Rating Scale-V. The main disadvantage of these assessment tools is that they do not provide an objective observation. For this reason, there are different studies focused on recording objective measures of the subjects’ movement, since hyperkinesia is one of the most characteristic symptoms of this disorder. In this sense, we have developed an application that, using a Kinect device, is capable of measuring the movement of the different parts of the body of up to six subjects in the classroom, being a natural context for the student. The main objective of this work is twofold, on the one hand, to investigate whether there are correlations between excessive movement and high scores in the inventories for the diagnosis of ADHD, Rating Scale-V and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and, on the other hand, to determine which sections of the body present the most significant mobility in subjects diagnosed with ADHD. Results show that the control group, composed of neurotypical subjects, presents less kinaesthetic activity than the clinical group diagnosed with ADHD. This indicates that the experimental group presents one of the main characteristics of the disorder. In addition, results also show that practically all the measured body parts present significant differences, being higher in the clinical group, highlighting the head as the joint with the highest effect size.

Morphometry in schizophrenia revisited: height and its relationship to pre-morbid function

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 655-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. NOPOULOS ◽  
M. FLAUM ◽  
S. ARNDT ◽  
N. ANDREASEN
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Adjustment ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
The Body ◽  
Abnormal Development ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Lower Quartile ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Brain

Background. Morphometry, the measurement of forms, is an ancient practice. In particular, schizophrenic somatology was popular early in this century, but has been essentially absent from the literature for over 30 years. More recently, evidence has grown to support the notion that aberrant neurodevelopment may play a role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Is the body, like the brain, affected by abnormal development in these patients?Methods. To evaluate global deficit in development and its relationship to pre-morbid function, height was compared in a large group (N=226) of male schizophrenics and a group of healthy male controls (N=142) equivalent in parental socio-economic status. Patients in the lower quartile of height were compared to those in the upper quartile of height.Results. The patient group had a mean height of 177·1 cm, which was significantly shorter than the mean height of the control group of 179·4 (P<0·003). Those in the lower quartile had significantly poorer pre-morbid function as measured by: (1) psychosocial adjustment using the pre-morbid adjustment scales for childhood and adolescence/young adulthood, and (2) cognitive function using measures of school performance such as grades and need for special education. In addition, these measures of pre-morbid function correlated significantly with height when analysed using the entire sample.Conclusions. These findings provide further support to the idea that abnormal development may play a key role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Furthermore, this is manifested as a global deficit in growth and function resulting in smaller stature, poorer social skills, and deficits in cognitive abilities.

scholarly journals Effects of Unweighting on Gait Kinematics During Walking on a Lower-Body Positive-Pressure Treadmill in Patients with Hip Osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki Kataoka ◽  
Tomohiro Shimizu ◽  
Ryo Takeda ◽  
Shigeru Tadano ◽  
Yuki Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Hip Osteoarthritis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Gait Kinematics

Abstract Background: Hip osteoarthritis (OA) is a musculoskeletal condition that makes walking difficult due to pain induced by weight-bearing activities. Treadmills that support the body weight (BW) reduce the load on the lower limbs, and those equipped with a lower-body positive-pressure (LBPP) device, developed as a new method for unweighting, significantly reduce pain in patients with knee OA. However, the effects of unweighting on gait kinematics remain unclear in patients with hip OA. Therefore, we investigated the effects of unweighting on kinematics in patients with hip OA during walking on a treadmill equipped with an LBPP device. Methods: A total of 15 women with hip OA and 15 age-matched female controls wore a three-dimensional (3-D) motion analysis system and walked at a self-selected speed on the LBPP treadmill. Data regarding self-reported hip pain using a numeric rating scale (NRS) in which the scores 0 and 10 represented no pain and the worst pain, respectively, under three different BW conditions (100%, 75%, and 50%) were collected. Moreover, 3-D peak joint angles during gait under each condition were calculated and compared. Results: In the hip OA group, the NRS pain scores at 50% and 75% BW conditions significantly decreased compared with that at 100% BW condition (50%, P=0.002; 75%, P=0.026), and the peak hip extension angle decreased compared with that in the healthy controls (P=0.044). In both groups, unweighting significantly decreased the peak hip (P<0.001) and knee (P<0.001) flexion angles and increased the peak ankle plantar flexion angle (P<0.001) during walking. Conclusions: Unweighting by the LBPP treadmill decreased pain in the hip OA group but did not drastically alter the gait kinematics compared with that in the control group. Therefore, regarding the use of the LBPP treadmill for patients with hip OA, clinicians should consider the benefits of pain reduction rather than the kinematic changes.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Passion Fruit Juice Consumption as Pain Reliever for Bruise Trauma in Pencak Silat Athletes

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-217
Author(s):  
Roy Januardi Irawan
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
The Body ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Intensity Difference ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Pencak Silat is a martial art that has a risk of causing micro-trauma due to physical impact. This trauma will stimulate the secretion of prostaglandin, a compound in the body which is a mediator of pain and inflammatory response that promote pain in bruised trauma. Passion fruit contains high level of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant substances. The objective of this study was to understand the effectiveness of passion fruit juice consumption in reducing bruised trauma pain in Pencak Silat athletes of PSHT Belotan Magetan. The research design is a quantitative descriptive with quasi-experimental. The pretest and posttest group of 20 people PSHT Belotan Magetan Pencak Silat athletes with an average age of 13.4 0.94 years were divided into treatment group (K1) and control group (K0) with 10 subjects respectively. Each treatment group (K1) subject was given the juice twice a day for 10 consecutive days. We used paired sample T-test to assess the mean variance of the group. The result showed that there was a decrease of pain intensity in both the treatment group and the control group. The pain intensity difference assessed by a Bourbonnais Rating Scale in the treatment group showed a significant difference with the t value of 7,216 and a probability value of 0,000, while the control group showed t value of 3,000 and probability value of 0,015. There was a decrease in the athletes muscle soreness who were given passion fruit juice twice a day for 10 days. The athletes pain intensity was in middle category.

scholarly journals Surgical treatment of acetabular fractures

TRAUMA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
I.I. Trufanov
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Postoperative Management ◽  
Main Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Acetabular Fractures ◽  
Control Group

Background. Acetabular fractures are severe intra-articular injuries that require anatomical reposition and early function, but they are often complicated by degenerative changes in both the acetabulum and the femoral head, leading to the development of post-traumatic coxarthrosis. The purpose was to study the clinical effectiveness of surgical treatment and postoperative management of patients using autologous platelet-rich plasma in patients with fractures of the acetabulum. Materials and methods. Twenty-eight patients with acetabular fractures of various degrees were operated at the City Emergency Hospital of Zaporizhzhia and the Municipal Clinical Hospital No 9 from 2017 to 2019. Gender composition: 22 men (78.57 %), 6 women (21.43 %), average age 46.64 ± 2.21 years, with a 95% confidence interval 42.31–50.96. Nineteen victims (67.86 %) had road traffic injuries, 7 (25 %) domestic injuries, and 2 (7.14 %) had industrial injuries. Results. In the main group of patients treated with platelet-rich plasma, radiologically visible adhesion of the injured area after 8 weeks occurred in 10 people (83.4 %). In one person (8.3 %), the adhesion occurred after 12, and in another (8.3 %) — 16 weeks after surgery. In the control group, adhesions at 8th week were registered in 14 patients (60.87 %), in 8 (34.78 %) — at 16th week. Given the general recovery of the body in the main group, the activation and social adaptation of patients occurred 2–3 weeks earlier. The assessment was performed radiologically and by the criteria of functional recovery.

scholarly journals TERAPI ALTERNATIF PENGURANGAN RASA NYERI DAN KECEMASAN MELALUI SLOW STROKE BACK MASSAGE (SSBM) PADA INPARTU KALA I FASE AKTIF

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-218
Author(s):  
Diah Evawanna Anuhgera ◽  
Wilda Wahyuni Siregar ◽  
Nikmah Jalilah Ritonga ◽  
Desikawali Pardede
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
The Body ◽  
Labor Pain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
First Stage Of Labor ◽  
Back Massage

Abstract Labor is always synonymous with the experience of pain and fear felt by mother. SSBM stimulates the body release endorphins which are having natural pain killing propoerties and reducing anxiety levels. This study aimed to determine the effect of slow stroke back massage (SSBM) on reduction of labor pain and anxiety during first stage of labor. A quasi-experimental study with purposive non-probability sampling techniwue is used for the people. Study was conducted on 36 samples (18 in experimental group anda 18 in control group). A structured interview schedule, albor assesment performa, numerical pain rating scale and DASS(Depresssion, Anxiety and Stress Scales) were used for data collection and the data were analyzed by paired and unpaired t test. There were statistically significant differences of anxiety and pain levels before and after intervention in the experiment and control group with p value 0.00.Result confirmed that SSBM is significantly effective in reducing labor pain and anxiety level during first stage of labor. Abstract Labor is always synonymous with the experience of pain and fear felt by mother. SSBM stimulates the body release endorphins which are having natural pain killing propoerties and reducing anxiety levels. This study aimed to determine the effect of slow stroke back massage (SSBM) on reduction of labor pain and anxiety during first stage of labor. A quasi-experimental study with purposive non-probability sampling techniwue is used for the people. Study was conducted on 36 samples (18 in experimental group anda 18 in control group). A structured interview schedule, albor assesment performa, numerical pain rating scale and DASS(Depresssion, Anxiety and Stress Scales) were used for data collection and the data were analyzed by paired and unpaired t test. There were statistically significant differences of anxiety and pain levels before and after intervention in the experiment and control group with p value 0.00.Result confirmed that SSBM is significantly effective in reducing labor pain and anxiety level during first stage of labor.

scholarly journals Auricular Point Acupressure Combined with Compound Lidocaine Cream to Manage Arteriovenous Fistula Puncture Pain: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Liu ◽  
Wei Wei ◽  
Yaqi Wu ◽  
Xiao Jiang ◽  
Xueqin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Auricular Point ◽  
Investigation Methods ◽  
Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Better Than

Background. Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) puncture pain is an inevitable problem for maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients and may seriously endanger the physical and mental health of patients with MHD. Studies have shown that drug or nondrug measures can reduce AVF puncture pain, but much improvement is needed. When combined with compound lidocaine cream (CLC) in the treatment of AVF puncture pain, auricular point acupressure (APA)—a therapeutic method in which specific points on the auricle of the outer ear are stimulated to treat various disorders of the body—and the therapeutic value and synergistic effects of auriculotherapy merit further investigation. Methods. 120 MHD patients were recruited at blood purification centers in three hospitals between January 2016 and April 2019. After completion of the baseline survey, all patients were randomly divided by the envelope method into a control group, APA group, CLC group, and APA combined with CLC, with 30 subjects per group. The numerical rating scale (NRS) of pain was used to measure the pain before intervention and 1, 4, and 8 weeks after intervention. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), General Comfort Questionnaire (GCQ), blood pressure, and heart rates were obtained before and after the intervention. Results. Pain, anxiety, comfort, blood pressure (BP), and heart rates (HR) of the three groups were better than those of the control group; the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.05 ). In addition, the APA combined with CLC group was better than the APA group and CLC group, respectively, in those outcomes ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion. Both APA and CLC can effectively relieve AVF puncture pain, and the combined application has more outstanding effects.

scholarly journals Intrinsic somatosensory feedback supports motor control and learning to operate artificial body parts

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Amoruso ◽  
Lucy Dowdall ◽  
Mathew Thomas Kollamkulam ◽  
Obioha Ukaegbu ◽  
Paulina Kieliba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Motor System ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Skill Learning ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Somatosensory Feedback ◽  
Somatosensory Information

Abstract Objective Considerable resources are being invested to enhance the control and usability of artificial limbs through the delivery of unnatural forms of somatosensory feedback. Here, we investigated whether intrinsic somatosensory information from the body part(s) remotely controlling an artificial limb can be leveraged by the motor system to support control and skill learning. Approach In a placebo-controlled design, we used local anaesthetic to attenuate somatosensory inputs to the big toes while participants learned to operate through pressure sensors a toe-controlled and hand-worn robotic extra finger. Motor learning outcomes were compared against a control group who received sham anaesthetic and quantified in three different task scenarios: while operating in isolation from, in synchronous coordination, and collaboration with, the biological fingers. Main results Both groups were able to learn to operate the robotic extra finger, presumably due to abundance of visual feedback and other relevant sensory cues. Importantly, the availability of displaced somatosensory cues from the distal bodily controllers facilitated the acquisition of isolated robotic finger movements, the retention and transfer of synchronous hand-robot coordination skills, and performance under cognitive load. Motor performance was not impaired by toes anaesthesia when tasks involved close collaboration with the biological fingers, indicating that the motor system can close the sensory feedback gap by dynamically integrating task-intrinsic somatosensory signals from multiple, and even distal, body- parts. Significance Together, our findings demonstrate that there are multiple natural avenues to provide intrinsic surrogate somatosensory information to support motor control of an artificial body part, beyond artificial stimulation.

scholarly journals National School-Based Health Lifestyles Intervention in Chinese Children and Adolescents on Obesity and Hypertension

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhui Dong ◽  
Zhiyong Zou ◽  
Haijun Wang ◽  
Bin Dong ◽  
Peijin Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chinese Children ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
School Based ◽  
National School ◽  
Chinese Children And Adolescents

Introduction: This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of the national school-based intervention on both obesity and high blood pressure in Chinese children and adolescents aged 6–18 years.Methods: The national school-based cluster non-randomized controlled trial was done in seven provinces from September 2013 to February 2014. A total of 23,175 children and adolescents in the control group and 25,702 in the intervention group were included in this trial with a mean follow-up of 6.7 ± 0.9 months. Mixed-effects regression models were used to evaluate the effect of the interventions on body weight and blood pressure (BP).Results: A significant upward in the body mass index (BMI) levels but downward in systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), BMI Z-scores, SBP Z-scores, and DBP Z-scores were witnessed in the intervention group compared to those in the control group (&lt;0.001). Subgroup analyses presented significant intervention effects in children aged 6–12 years for BMI, SBP, DBP, and their standardized values Z-scores, but no effective results were found in adolescents aged 13–18 years. Stratification analyses based on the dynamic weight changes presented non-differential HBP, SHBP, and DHBP prevalence gaps between the control and intervention groups. Children aged 6–12 years with higher BMI percentiles at baseline presented obvious declines in SBP and DBP standardized values Z-scores.Conclusion: A mean 6-month multi-centered school-based comprehensive obesity intervention in China yields a small to null effect on obesity and hypertension with increasing age; the early age before 12 years may be the key period for interventions, and the younger, the better. Precise and high-intensity interventions targeting the population at different stages of childhood and adolescence are urgently needed to be developed.Clinical Trial Registration:https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/, identifier: NCT02343588

scholarly journals Adequate Management of type two diabetes creates minor complications in Cardio-Postural Profile in Latinx-Hispanic People

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Aleena Jose SPT ◽  
Martín G. Rosario
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Hispanic People ◽  
Age Appropriate ◽  
Type Two Diabetes ◽  
Adequate Management

Diabetes is recognized to lead to a series of metabolic abnormalities in the body. These alterations will affect balance, body composition, and cardiovascular performance, heightening the risk of various medical complications. The problem is that the primary instruction for those with diabetes is to monitor glucose levels, paying very insufficient consideration to other fundamental factors and health profiles that could influence the quality of life in these individuals. Identify body composition, balance, and cardiovascular components in controlled type two diabetics compared to an age-matched control group. 15 participants with controlled type II diabetes without peripheral neuropathy (CT2DM) and 18 non-diabetic subjects control (CG) were recruited. Both groups had an age average of roughly 56 years old. The CT2DM subjects had an average A1c level of 6.7+/-0.5%. Body composition, cardiovascular, and balance data were collected, analyzed, and compared among groups. Minimal alterations in balance components, body composition and cardiovascular factors were identified in the CT2DM group aside from higher SBP values and decreased BBS scores contrasted to the CG group. We can attribute the analogous outcomes in both groups to CT2DM participants managing their diabetes effectively. Our examination has prompted us to establish that the cardiovascular and balance components in middle-aged Latinx-Hispanic participants with CT2DM are proportionate to CG subjects because of effectiveness in dealing with diabetes. Further, we encourage establishing more age appropriate and complex assessment tools to identify early adaptations caused by diabetes.

scholarly journals The Effects of a 6-Week Strength and Endurance Circuit Training on Body Image of High School Girls

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-192
Author(s):  
Lucia Plevková ◽  
Janka Peráčková
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Female Students ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Circuit Training

Summary The aim of this study was to extend the knowledge about the influence of strength and endurance circuit training intervention on body image of the female high school students. Our hypothesis was: The objectively and subjectively measured body image among the 16 – 17 years old females will be significantly improved after the participation in 6-week strength and endurance circuit training. We used experiment with 2 groups from 2nd class from the secondary school: experimental (intervention) group consists of 15 female students (x̄age = 16.99 ± 0.29 years) and control group consists of 20 female students (x̄age = 17.11 ± 0.36 years). The experimental factor was the strength and endurance circuit training, practicing during 6 weeks (twice a week), performed during the physical education lessons. The body image of the girl was measured using 2 methods: the objective one was the somatometry (body height, body weight and Body Mass Index), subjective measurements of the body image were the Silhouettes – Contour Drawing Rating Scale (Thomson & Gray 1995). After these 6 weeks we succeeded in every measurement of the body image – the significant effect was noticed in the experimental group in pre- and post-test on Body Mass Index (p = 0,003) and on Contour Drawing Rating Scale (p = 0,003). According to the received knowledge we suggest to integrate this movement program to the lessons of the physical and sport education for the female adolescents.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document