scholarly journals Incidence Rate and Risk Factors for Tuberculosis among People Living with HIV: A 2015–2017 Cohort from Tashkent, Uzbekistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5746
Author(s):  
Dilbar Sadirova ◽  
Ruzanna Grigoryan ◽  
Nargiza Parpieva ◽  
Venera Barotova ◽  
Aleksandr Trubnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Active Tuberculosis ◽  
P Value ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Living With Hiv

People living with the human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) have a higher risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB) disease, and TB remains a major cause of death in PLHIV. Uzbekistan is facing a substantial TB epidemic, which increases the risk of PLHIV developing active TB. Our retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the incidence rate and assess the risk factors for developing active TB among PLHIV. We collected secondary data extracted from medical charts of all patients, newly diagnosed at the AIDS Center in Tashkent, during the period of 2015–2017. The incidence rate of TB among PLHIV was 5.1 (95% CI: 4.5–6.0) per 1000 person/month. Adjusted regression analysis showed three major risk factors for TB, namely, being less than 15 years old (hazard ratio (HR) 5.83; 95% CI: 3.24–10.50, p value = 0.001),low CD4 count (adjusted hazard ratio(aHR) 21.0; 95% CI: 9.25–47.7, p value < 0.001), and antiretroviral therapy (ART) interruption/not receiving ART (aHR 5.57; 95% CI: 3.46–8.97 and aHR 6.2; 95% CI: 3.75–10.24, p value < 0.001, respectively) were significantly associated with developing active TB among PLHIV. Our findings indicate that taking prescribed ART without interruptions and maintaining CD4cell counts higher than 320 cells/μL are essential to prevent the development of active TB among PLHIV.

scholarly journals Predictors of Mortality among Patients Lost to Follow up Antiretroviral Therapy

Jurnal NERS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Putu Dian Prima Kusuma Dewi ◽  
Gede Budi Widiarta
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Median Time ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Lost To Follow Up

Introduction: The death of HIV/AIDS patients after receiving therapy in Bali is the seventh highest percentage of deaths in Indonesia. LTFU increases the risk of death in PLHA, given the saturation of people with HIV taking medication. The level of consistency in the treatment is very important to maintain the resilience and quality of life of people living with HIV. This study aims to determine the incidence rate, median time and predictors of death occurring in LTFU patients as seen from their sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.Methods: This study used an analytical longitudinal approach with retrospective secondary data analysis in a cohort of HIV-positive patients receiving ARV therapy at the Buleleng District Hospital in the period 2006-2015. The study used the survival analysis available within the STATA SE 12 softwareResults: The result showed that the incidence rate of death in LTFU patients was 65.9 per 100 persons, with the median time occurrence of 0.2 years (2.53 months). The NNRTI-class antiretroviral evapirens agents were shown to increase the risk of incidence of death in LTFU patients 3.92 times greater than the nevirapine group (HR 3.92; p = 0.007 (CI 1.46-10.51). Each 1 kg increase in body weight decreased the risk of death in LTFU patients by 6% (HR 0.94; p = 0.035 (CI 0.89-0.99).Conclusion: An evaluation and the monitoring of patient tracking with LTFU should be undertaken to improve sustainability. Furthermore, an observation of the LTFU patient's final condition with primary data and qualitative research needs to be done so then it can explore more deeply the reasons behind LTFU.

scholarly journals MORTALITY OF HIV/AIDS-INFECTED PEOPLE WITH ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY: A GENDER ANALYSIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 559-565
Author(s):  
Putu Dian Prima Kusuma Dewi ◽  
Putu Sukma Megaputri ◽  
Lina Anggaraeni Dwijayanti ◽  
Dewa Ayu Putu Indra Pranita ◽  
Made Juniari Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: Mortality in people living with HIV/AIDS is one of measures to the success of its treatment. Study related to their deaths seen from gender is still very limited.Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence rate of mortality between men and women living with HIV/AIDS and receiving antiretroviral therapy.Methods: This was a retrospective study using secondary data of HIV/AIDS-infected patients in Buleleng District Hospital in the period of 2006-2015. This research used Survival analysis, Kaplan-meier, incident rate comparison and logistic regression with STATA SE 12.Results: A total of 1204 HIV/AIDS-infected patients data was included. The incidence of total mortality rates was 27.7 per 1000 person-years. Based on gender, the mortality in men (35 per 1000 person-years) was higher than women (14 per 1000 person-years) with the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 2.39 (p 0.01).  Fifty percent of cases of mortality occured at 0.15 years of observation. The median time of mortality in men was 0.14 years (1.7 months) and in women was 0.15 years (1.8 months). The poor clinical condition was seen from a body weight <50 kg, which increased the risk of death with aOR 3.85 (p 0.01 CI 2.40-6.16). Nevirapine increased the risk of mortality (aOR 2.18; p 0.01; CI 1.18-4.03). and CD4 cell counts of ≤ 200 cells / mm3 reduced the risk of death by 69% (AOR 0.31; p 0.01; CI 0.18-0.53).Conclusion: The incidence of mortality in men was greater than it in women, which is caused by poor clinical conditions. It is better to evaluate the success of antiretroviral therapy by considering the needs of patients according to their gender. Further research is needed in regard to adherence of treatment and loss to follow-up events.

scholarly journals Analisis Cluster K-Means Kabupaten/Kota di Jawa Timur Berdasarkan Level Epidemik HIV

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Desy Yuanita Nugroho ◽  
Arief Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
Adequate Care ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Cluster 2

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in East Java was not only occurred in urban areas. This is due to the population mobility and sexual lifestyles. This study aimed to classify districts/cities in East Java used Cluster K-Means analysis based on the number of high risk population that living with HIV. This study was an observational study with an analytical method. The secondary data was taken from HIV and PIMS Situation Report of the East Java Provincial Health in 2017. This study obtained 3 optimal clusters, which were 4 districts/cities in cluster 1 named alert category, 24 districts/cities in cluster 2 named standby category and 10 districts/cities in cluster 3 named alert category. Proposed suggestions based on this study were prioritized early HIV test and counseling, provided adequate care, support and treatment for people living with HIV.

Standardized comparison of cardiovascular risk factors prevalence in Spanish women and men living with HIV and in the general population

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Camps-Vilaro ◽  
S Perez-Fernandez ◽  
R Teira ◽  
V Estrada ◽  
P Domingo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
General Population ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
P Value ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
General Population Cohort ◽  
History Of ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Spain’s Ministry of Science and Innovation (Madrid, Spain), co-financed with European Union European Regional Development Funds –ERDF- [CIBERCV CB16/11/00229]; the Health Department of the Generalitat de Catalunya (Barcelona, Spain) through the Agència de Gestió d’Ajuts Universitaris de Recerca de Catalunya (AGAUR) (Barcelona, Spain) [2017SGR222]. OnBehalf DARIOS and VACH investigators Background People living with HIV (PLWH) have an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease, likely due to a higher prevalence of CV risk factors. We compared age-standardized prevalence and management of CV risk factors in PLWH to that of general population in Spain. Methods Blood pressure, lipid, glucose and anthropometric profile were cross-sectionally compared along with treatment of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes in a general population cohort and a PLWH cohort. Prevalence rates were standardized by the direct method by 10-year age groups in European standard populations by gender.  Results We included 39,598 individuals aged 35 to 74 years: 28,360 from the general population cohort and 11,238 from the PLWH cohort. Compared to general population, PLWH had a higher concentration of triglycerides (&gt;35mg/dL in women and &gt;26mg/dL in men), and a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome (&gt;10% and &gt;7.8%) and diabetes (&gt;8.5% and &gt;5.3%) (Table). The proportion of treated diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension were up to 3-fold lower in both women and men living with HIV than in general population (Table). Conclusions Lipid, gluco-metabolic profiles were significantly worse in PLWH compared to general population. In addition, PLWH were less often treated for diagnosed diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. CV risk factor standardized prevalence Cardiovascular risk factor WOMEN MEN General population People living with HIV p-Value General population People living with HIV p-Value N = 15,159 N = 2,171 N = 13,201 N = 9,067 Hypertension, % 27.4 (26.7 - 28.0) 24.8 (21.6 - 28.1) 0.136 29.0 (28.2 - 29.7) 22.9 (21.4 - 24.4) &lt;0.001 Treated hypertension, % a 62.7 (60.7 - 64.7) 18.9 (13.5 - 24.4) &lt;0.001 59.3 (57.5 - 61.1) 24.1 (21.0 - 27.1) &lt;0.001 Triglycerides, mg/dL b 99 (99 - 100) 134 (134 - 148) &lt;0.001 122 (121 - 122) 148 (148 - 164) &lt;0.001 Total cholesterol, mg/dL 214 (213 - 215) 207 (199 - 215) 0.111 214 (213 - 216) 195 (191 - 198) &lt;0.001 Treated dyslipidaemia, % c 14.0 (13.5 - 14.6) 7.80 (5.60 - 10.0) &lt;0.001 15.1 (14.5 - 15.7) 7.8 (6.8 - 8.7) &lt;0.001 Glucose, mg/dL 97 (96 - 97) 103 (98 - 107) 0.007 104 (103 - 105) 106 (104 - 109) 0.122 Diabetes, % 10.6 (10.1 - 11.1) 19.1 (16.0 - 22.1) &lt;0.001 15.4 (14.8 - 16.0) 20.7 (19.2 - 22.2) &lt;0.001 Treated diabetes, % d 34.4 (31.5 - 37.2) 12.8 (8.00 - 17.5) &lt;0.001 40.0 (37.1 - 42.9) 16.6 (13.9 - 19.3) &lt;0.001 Metabolic Syndrome, % 20.5 (19.8 - 21.1) 31.1 (25.8 - 36.4) &lt;0.001 27.9 (27.1 - 28.7) 35.7 (33.1 - 38.2) &lt;0.001 Values are expressed as mean (95% confidence interval). a Among patients with history of hypertension. b Mean (95% confidence interval) were obtained with log-transformed values. c Among all cohort participants. d Among patients with history of diabetes. HDL-c, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-c, low density lipoprotein cholesterol

scholarly journals Analisis Cluster K-Means Kabupaten/Kota di Jawa Timur Berdasarkan Level Epidemik HIV

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Desy Yuanita Nugroho ◽  
Arief Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
Adequate Care ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Cluster 2

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in East Java was not only occurred in urban areas. This is due to the population mobility and sexual lifestyles. This study aimed to classify districts/cities in East Java used Cluster K-Means analysis based on the number of high risk population that living with HIV. This study was an observational study with an analytical method. The secondary data was taken from HIV and PIMS Situation Report of the East Java Provincial Health in 2017. This study obtained 3 optimal clusters, which were 4 districts/cities in cluster 1 named alert category, 24 districts/cities in cluster 2 named standby category and 10 districts/cities in cluster 3 named alert category. Proposed suggestions based on this study were prioritized early HIV test and counseling, provided adequate care, support and treatment for people living with HIV.

Risk Factor Of Substitution ARV First Line People Living With HIV/AIDS In General Hospital Buleleng Bali

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-197
Author(s):  
Luh Putu Desy Puspaningrat ◽  
Gusti Putu Candra ◽  
Putu Dian Prima Kusuma Dewi ◽  
I Made Sundayana ◽  
Indrie Lutfiana
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
District General Hospital ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
First Line ◽  
The Past ◽  
Factor Substitution ◽  
Living With Hiv

Substitution is still a threat to the failure of ARV therapy so that no matter how small it must be noted and monitored in ARV therapy. The aims  was analysis risk factor substitution ARV first line in therapy ARV. This study was an analytic longitudinal study with retrospective secondary data analysis in a cohort of patients receiving ARV therapy at the District General Hospital of Buleleng District for the period of 2006-2015 and secondary data from medical records of PLHA patients receiving ART.  Result in this study that the percentage of first-line ARV substitution events is 9.88% (119/1204) who received ARV therapy for the past 11 years. Risk factors that increase the risk of substitution in ARV therapy patients are zidovudine (aOR 4.29 CI 1.31 -2.65 p 0.01), nevirapine (aOR1.86 CI 2.15 - 8.59 p 0.01) and functional working status (aOR 1.46 CI 1.13 - 1.98 p 0.01). 

PERAN WARGA PEDULI AIDS CAHAYA CARE TUREN DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS HIDUP ODHA

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Nurhudi Sasono
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
P Value ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract : Indicator of the health welfare through Sustanable Development Goals (SDGs) is to reduce the incidence of HIV-AIDS, decrease the rate of the epidemic and maintain the quality of life of people living with HIV-AIDS (PLWHA). Trend cases of HIV-AIDS is the most recent spread among people, especially housewives. In Malang until 2015 found 278 Housewife of 409 cases of AIDS. The prevalence of HIV-AIDS in Malang Regency is ranked second after Surabaya city in East Java. For the importance of public participation and citizen care AIDS Cahaya Care Turen take responsibility for the condition. Determination Rule Goverment number 2 2015 year on the Participation of the community response to HIV-AIDS in Malang as a legal rule. Concerned Citizens activities AIDS (WPA). WPA Cahaya Care Turen is increases HIV risk and quality of life PLWHA. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of Citizens AIDS Cahaya Care Quality of Care Turen against people living with HIV in Puskesmas Turen Malang. The study design using a quasi-experimental, with purposive sampling using a sampling technique. Total number of research subjects 23. Based on test results obtained with the Wilcoxon p value <0.005, which means that there is a significant difference before and after PLWHA joining participated in the WPA Cahaya Care Turen. The conclusion of this study is WPA activities involving people living with HIV and at risk groups can optimize compliance with antiretroviral drugs that have an impact on improving the quality of life of PLHIV. Suggestions in this research is done WPA Program activities are structured and ongoing cross-sector in order to improve the quality of life and empower PLWHA.Keywords : WPA Cahaya Care Turen, Quality of life, PLWHA Abstrak : Salah satu indikator kesejahteraan kesehatan melalui Sustanable Development Goals (SDGs) adalah menekan angka kejadian HIV-AIDS, menurunkan laju epidemik dan mempertahankan kualitas hidup Orang dengan HIV-AIDS (ODHA). Trend kasus HIV-AIDS terkini terbanyak adalah menjangkit dikalangan masyarakat khususnya pada ibu rumah tangga. Kabupaten Malang sampai dengan tahun 2015 ditemukan 278 Ibu Rumah Tangga dari 409 kasus AIDS. Prevalensi HIV-AIDS di Kabupaten Malang ini merupakan peringkat kedua di Jawa Timur setelah Kota Surabaya. Untuk itu pentingnya peran serta masyarakat dan warga peduli AIDS Cahaya Care Turen ikut bertanggung jawab terhadap kondisi tersebut. Penetapan Peraturan Bupati Malang no.2 th.2015 tentang Peran serta masyarakat penanggulangan HIV-AIDS di Kabupaten Malang diharapkan dapat mengurangi risiko penularan HIV dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup ODHA. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Peran Warga Peduli AIDS Cahaya Care Turen terhadap Kualitas ODHA Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Turen Kabupaten Malang. Desain penelitian menggunakan quasi eksperimen, dengan teknik sampling menggunakan purposive sampling. Jumlah subyek penelitian sejumlah 23. Berdasarkan hasil uji dengan Wilcoxon didapatkan nilai p value < 0.005 yang berarti bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna sebelum dan sesudah ODHA bergabung mengikuti kegiatan WPA Cahaya Care Turen. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah kegiatan WPA dengan melibatkan ODHA dan kelompok beresiko dapat mengoptimalkan kepatuhan obat ART sehingga berdampak terhadap peningkatan kualitas hidup ODHA. Saran dalam penelitian ini adalah dilakukannya Program kegiatan WPA yang terstruktur dan berkesinambungan lintas sektor guna meningkatkan kualitas hidup dan memberdayakan ODHA.     Kata kunci : WPA Cahaya Care Turen, kualitas hidup, ODHA

scholarly journals Risk factors for AIDS-defining illnesses among a population of poorly adherent people living with HIV/AIDS in Atlanta, Georgia

AIDS Care ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 844-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Y. Chow ◽  
Marcella Alsan ◽  
Wendy Armstrong ◽  
Carlos del Rio ◽  
Vincent C. Marconi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals A pilot randomized controlled trial of a tailored smoking cessation program for people living with HIV in the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elexis C. Kierstead ◽  
Emily Harvey ◽  
Denisse Sanchez ◽  
Kimberly Horn ◽  
Lorien C. Abroms ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
P Value ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract Objective Morbidity and mortality from smoking-related diseases among people living with HIV (PLWH) in the U.S. surpasses that due to HIV itself. Conventional smoking cessation treatments have not demonstrated strong efficacy among PLWH. We conducted a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate a tailored smoking cessation intervention based on the minority stress model. We compared standard of care counseling (SOC) to a tailored intervention (TI) including one face-to-face counseling session incorporating cognitive behavioral therapy to build resilience, and 30 days of 2-way text messaging. Results The primary outcome was smoking cessation. Secondary outcomes included cigarettes per day (CPD), exhaled carbon monoxide (CO), and cessation self-efficacy. A total of 25 participants were enrolled (TI:11, SOC:14), and 2 were lost to follow-up. There were no significant differences in quit rates between study groups. However, there was a significantly greater decrease in CPD in the TI versus SOC (13.5 vs. 0.0, p-value:0.036). Additionally, self-efficacy increased in both groups (TI p-value:0.012, SOC p-value:0.049) and CO decreased in both groups (TI p-value: < 0.001, SOC p-value:0.049). This intervention shows promise to support smoking cessation among PLWH. A larger study is needed to fully evaluate the efficacy of this approach. Clinical trial: Trial Registration: Retrospectively registered (10/20/2020) NCT04594109.

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