Sustainable Working Life in a Swedish Twin Cohort—A Definition Paper with Sample Overview

Background: A unified or consensus definition of “sustainable working life” remains lacking, although studies investigating risk factors for labour market exit are numerous. In this study, we aimed (1) to update the information and to explore a definition of “sustainable working life” via a systematic literature review and (2) to describe the working life trajectories via the prevalence of sickness absence (SA), disability pension (DP), and unemployment in a Swedish twin cohort to provide a sample overview in our Sustainable Working Life-project. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted to explore the studies with the search phrase “sustainable working life” in PubMed, PsycInfo, and the Web of Science Database of Social Sciences in January 2021, resulting in a total of 51 references. A qualitative synthesis was performed for the definitions and the measures of “sustainable working life.” Based on the Swedish Twin project Of Disability pension and Sickness absence (STODS), the current dataset to address sustainable working life includes 108 280 twin individuals born between 1925 and 1990. Comprehensive register data until 2016 for unemployment, SA and DP were linked to all individuals. Using STODS, we analysed the annual prevalence of SA, DP, and unemployment as working life trajectories over time across education and age groups. Results: The reviewed 16 full articles described several distinct definitions for sustainable working life between 2007 and 2020 from various perspectives, i.e., considering workplaces or employees, the individual, organizational or enterprise level, and the society level. The definition of “sustainable working life” appearing most often was the swAge-model including a broad range of factors, e.g., health, physical/mental/psychosocial work environment, work motivation/satisfaction, and the family situation and leisure activities. Our dataset comprised of 81%–94% of individuals who did not meet SA, DP, or unemployment during the follow-up in 1994–2016, being indicative for “sustainable working life.” The annual prevalence across years had a decreasing trend of unemployment over time, whereas the prevalence of SA had more variation, with DP being rather stable. Both unemployment and DP had the highest prevalence among those with a lower level of education, whereas in SA, the differences in prevalence between education levels were minor. Unemployment was highest across the years in the youngest age group (18–27 years), the age group differences for SA were minor, and for DP, the oldest age group (58–65 years) had the highest prevalence. Conclusions: No consensus exists for a “sustainable working life,” hence meriting further studies, and we intend to contribute by utilising the STODS database for the Sustainable Working Life project. In the upcoming studies, the existing knowledge of available definitions and frameworks will be utilised. The dataset containing both register data and self-reports enables detailed follow-up for labour market participation for sustainable working life.

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Abstract P478: Trends in Concurrent Heart Failure and Acute Coronary Syndrome Hospitalizations: A Literature Review

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.141.suppl_1.p478 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Sarah Godfrey ◽

Laura Cohen ◽

Susan Hennessy ◽

Brandon Bellows

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽

Clinical Practice ◽

Literature Review ◽

Pooled Analysis ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

St Elevation ◽

Recent Trends ◽

Definition Of ◽

Over Time

Purpose: Patients who present with concurrent heart failure (HF) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) have an increased risk of mortality, but changes in clinical practice have improved clinical outcomes. We sought to examine recent trends in concurrent HF and ACS hospitalizations in the United States (US) through review of published literature. Methods: We searched the Medline and PubMed databases for studies published after January 1, 2000 reporting the hospitalizations for HF with concurrent acute coronary syndromes. We included studies performed in the US or with at least 25% US participants, that reported the proportion with concurrent HF and ACS, and used a clinical definition of HF (e.g. Killip Class II or III, NYHA Class, or Framingham Criteria). Studies were reviewed by and data was extracted using a standardized form. We extracted study and patient characteristics, definition of HF, and rates of concurrent HF and ACS hospitalizations. We categorized included studies by ACS type: (1) non-specific myocardial infarction (MI) or ACS, (2) non-ST elevation (NSTE) MI or NSTE-ACS, or (3) ST elevation (STE) MI. We descriptively examined recent trends in hospitalizations for concurrent HF and ACS over time; rates reported for multiple time periods or ACS types were considered separately. Results: We identified 23 observational studies, systematic reviews, and randomized clinical trials. Of these, we excluded 13 due to non-US populations, use of non-clinical definitions of HF (i.e., diagnosis codes), or not reporting rates of concurrent HF and ACS. Of the 10 included studies, 7 reported concurrent HF with non-specific MI or ACS from 1975 through 2005 across multiple registries and literature reviews. Rates ranged from 12.5% to 48.0% with no clear time-related trends. We identified 3 studies reporting concurrent HF with NSTEMI or NSTE-ACS from pooled analysis or the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) registry from 1994 to 2008. Reported rates ranged from 8.2%-15.7% for studies starting in the 1990s with one study reporting and 6.1% in 2005. We identified 4 studies reporting concurrent HF with STEMI, including a pooled analysis, the GRACE registry, and a clinical trial. Rates of concurrent HF with STEMI appeared to decrease over time from 32.5% in 1990 to 1998, 15.6%-19.5% from 1999 to 2001, and 2.6%-11.0% in 2005. Conclusion: Our literature review found that there may be a decrease in concurrent HF and STEMI hospitalizations in recent decades, but no apparent trends with other types of ACS. This may be related to emphasis on early revascularization strategies, improved primary prevention, and/or earlier time to presentation due to increasing public awareness.. However, there was a dearth of data reporting concurrent HF and ACS hospitalization within the last decade. Further research is needed to understand the impact of multiple changes in clinical practice on secular trends.

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Do Depressive Symptoms Shape Blacks’ Perceptions of Stress Over Time?

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa022 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (5) ◽

Author(s):

DeAnnah R Byrd ◽

Roland J Thorpe ◽

Keith E Whitfield

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Ordinary Least Squares ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Stressful Events ◽

Age Group ◽

The Impact ◽

Over Time

Abstract Background and Objectives Previous studies have linked stress to multiple negative mental health outcomes, including depression. This established stress–depression association is typically examined in one direction and cross-sectionally. This study examined the bidirectional relationships between depressive symptoms and changes in perceived stress over time in Blacks. Research Design and Methods The present study uses a community-dwelling sample of 450 Black adults, aged 51–96 years old, who participated in the Baltimore Study of Black Aging—Patterns of Cognitive Aging. Perceived stress—measured by the Perceived Stress Scale—and depressive symptoms—measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale—were both assessed at baseline and follow-up 33 months later. Ordinary least squares regression was used to examine 2 bidirectional longitudinal relationships between (1) stress–depression and (2) depression–stress, and whether these associations are modified by age. Results Initial analyses testing the typical stress–depression relationship showed an effect in the expected direction, that is stress leading to more depressive symptoms over time, adjusting for model covariates, but the effect was not statistically significant (b = 0.014, p = .642). After accounting for baseline perceived stress level, age, sex, education, and chronic health conditions, depressive symptoms were positively associated with follow-up stress (b = 0.210, p < .000). The depression–stress association further varied by age group such that the impact of baseline depression on changes in perceived stress was greatest in Blacks in their 60s versus those in their 50s (b = 0.267, p = .001), controlling for model covariates. Discussion and Implications Contrary to previous work, the results suggest that an individual’s mental health shapes his/her perception of stressful events and this relationship varies by age group. While the typical finding (stress impacting depression) was not significant, the findings reported here highlight the importance of considering the possible bidirectional nature of the relationships between psychosocial measures of stress and mental health in later life among Blacks.

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Increasing Incidence in Relapsing-Remitting MS and High Rates among Young Women in Finland: A Thirty-Year Follow-Up

Multiple Sclerosis International ◽

10.1155/2014/186950 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Marja-Liisa Sumelahti ◽

Markus H. A. Holmberg ◽

Annukka Murtonen ◽

Heini Huhtala ◽

Irina Elovaara

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Delay ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Age Group ◽

Mcdonald Criteria ◽

Relapsing Remitting ◽

Medium Risk ◽

And Gender ◽

Definition Of ◽

Gender Specific

Object. Gender and disease course specific incidences were studied in high- and medium-risk regions of MS in Finland.Methods. Age- and gender-specific incidences with 95% CIs were calculated in 10-year periods from 1981 to 2010. Poser diagnostic criteria were used and compared with the McDonald criteria from 2001 to 2010. Association between age and diagnostic delay over time was assessed by using the Kruskal-Wallis test.Results. 1419 (89%) RRMS and 198 (11%) PPMS cases were included. RRMS incidence increased with the female to male ratio (F/M) from 4,2/105(F/M 1.9) to 9,7 (2.3), while that of PPMS decreased from 1,2 (1.6) to 0,7 (1.2). The use of McDonald criteria did not change the conclusion. The decreasing diagnostic delay and age at diagnosis in RRMS were associated within the 10-year periods and contrasted those in PPMS. Increasing female risk in RRMS was observed in the high-risk region.Conclusion. Increasing RRMS incidence and high female ratios shown in each age group indicate gender-specific influences acting already from childhood. A more precise definition of the risk factors and their action in MS is needed to provide a better understanding of underlying pathological processes and a rationale for the development of new preventive and treatment strategies.

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Employment status and sick-leave following obesity surgery: a five-year prospective cohort study

10.7287/peerj.preprints.923v1 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

John Roger Andersen ◽

Ulrikke J.V. Hernæs ◽

Karl Ove Hufthammer ◽

Villy Våge

Keyword(s):

Sick Leave ◽

Obesity Surgery ◽

Disability Pension ◽

Employment Status ◽

Severe Obesity ◽

Paid Work ◽

Low Education ◽

Preoperative Predictors ◽

Over Time

Background. Severe obesity is a risk factor for lower participation in paid work, but whether employment increases and sick leave decreases after obesity surgery is not well documented. Methods. We assessed 224 Norwegian patients with severe obesity (mean age: 40; mean BMI: 49; 61% female) regarding employment status (working versus not working) and the number of days of sick leave during the preceding 12 months, before and five years after obesity surgery (75% follow-up rate). Logistic regression analysis was used to study preoperative predictors of employment status after surgery. Results. There were no change in the employment rate over time (54% versus 58%), but the number of days of sick leave per year was significantly reduced, from a mean of 63 to a mean of 26, and from a median of 36 to a median of 4. Most of this change was attributable to patients with zero days of sick leave, which increased from 25% to 41%. Being female, older, having low education level, receiving disability pension and not being employed before obesity surgery were important risk factors for not being employed after obesity surgery. The type of obesity surgery, BMI and marital status were not useful predictors. Conclusions. Our findings suggest that that undergoing obesity surgery is not associated with a higher rate of employment, although it may reduce the number of days of sick leave. Additional interventions are likely needed to influence the employment status of these patients. The significant preoperative predictors of not being employed in this study provide suggestions for further research .

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Depression after Obstetric Fistula Repair

Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology ◽

10.3126/njog.v13i2.21793 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Mary Stokes ◽

Jeffrey Wilkinson ◽

Prakash Ganesh ◽

William Nundwe ◽

Rachel Pope

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Obstetric Fistula ◽

Age Group ◽

Fistula Repair ◽

Symptoms Of Depression ◽

Persistent Depression ◽

Continence Status ◽

Operative Assessment ◽

Over Time

Aims: To measure depression using the PHQ-9 over time and to identify characteristics associated with persistent depression. Methods: A database of women undergoing obstetric fistula repair was used to examine association of depression with variables such as general demographics, type of obstetric fistula, surgical outcome, and continence status at the time of discharge. Results: 797 patients completed the PHQ-9 upon initial pre-operative assessment. 365 (45.8%) had a PHQ-9 score of 5 or higher, indicating symptoms of depression. Pre-operatively, depression was associated with the 18-34 year old age group and women with no children. Post-operatively, worse incontinence was associated with depression, however, over time depression was rarely found among women returning for follow-up. Conclusions: The decrease of depression seen over time is either due to selection bias or due to improved adjustment to one’s circumstances. Either way, this study underscores the need for ongoing follow-up, perhaps especially for those not presenting. Further studies are needed to assess the mental health of women who do not present for follow-up visits.

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P47 Prevalence, incidence and patterns of antiasthma medication use in children: a nationwide prescription study in France

Archives of Disease in Childhood ◽

10.1136/archdischild-2019-esdppp.85 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 104 (6) ◽

pp. e36.2-e36

Author(s):

I Naim ◽

F Tubach ◽

S Guillo ◽

A Ajrouche ◽

Y De Rycke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Medication Use ◽

Age Group ◽

Healthcare Database ◽

National Healthcare ◽

Annual Prevalence ◽

Gender And Age ◽

Antiasthmatic Drug ◽

And Gender ◽

Over Time

BackgroundUse of antiasthmatic medications has increased over the years worldwide. The aim of this study was to describe the use of antiasthmatic drugs in children in France.MethodsData were retrieved from the permanent sample (1/97th) of the French national healthcare database - the Système National des Données de Santé (SNDS) for all individuals aged from 5 to 18 years old (n=143,909) from 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2017. Prevalence and incidence rate of antiasthmatic dispensing were calculated. All analyses were stratified by calendar year, age (5–11, 12–18 years) and gender. Users were classified as occasional if they had only one dispensing of antiasthmatic drugs over the year, moderate and high if they had antiasthmatic drug dispensing at two distinct occasions or at three or more occasions, respectively.ResultsThe annual prevalence of antiasthmatic drug use varied between 12 (2011) and 11 (2017) per 100 persons and incidence varied between 4.3 (2013) and 3.8 (2017) per 100 PYs. Prevalence and incidence of use were higher in children aged between 5–11 years compared to adolescents and in boys compared to girls. Most users were occasional (52%) and only one third redeemed prescriptions on a regular basis (high users: 30%). No trend was observed regarding these percentages over time or with gender and age group.ConclusionsUse of antiasthmatic drugs in France is higher than previously described in other European countries. Prevalence of use is also higher than the prevalence of asthma as assessed in epidemiological national studies suggesting that these drugs are over-prescribed.Disclosure(s)Nothing to disclose

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Tenosynovitis of Hand and Wrist: A Literature Review

British Journal of Occupational Therapy ◽

10.1177/030802268604900905 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 49 (9) ◽

pp. 288-292 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ashok Chandani

Keyword(s):

Conservative Treatment ◽

Literature Review ◽

Extensor Tendon ◽

Dominant Hand ◽

Age Group ◽

Work Related ◽

Causative Factors ◽

Definition Of ◽

The Right ◽

Methods Of Treatment

This literature review of tenosynovitis of hand and wrist concentrates on the definition of tenosynovitis, aetiology and causative factors, site of occurrence, general methods of treatment and specific occupational therapy procedures. Despite extensive research into tenosynovitis, very little is yet known about causative factors. There also continues to be much controversy surrounding how to use splinting and the usefulness of rest in the treatment of tenosynovitis. On the basis of descriptive studies it can be said that tenosynovitis mostly affects the wrist and hand and more commonly the extensor tendon of the right/dominant hand. It is suggested that tenosynovitis occurs more commonly in females and the peak incidence is in the 35–40 years age group. Common opinions regarding causative factors are work related, infections and manifestations of diseases. Treatment of tenosynovitis mostly lies in rest and splinting and some suggest that electrotherapy and diathermy may help. If conservative treatment fails, many advocate surgery.

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Fetal Cholelithiasis: A Diagnostic Update and a Literature Review

Clinical Medicine Insights Case Reports ◽

10.4137/ccrep.s12273 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. CCRep.S12273 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Stefania Triunfo ◽

Paolo Rosati ◽

Pietro Ferrara ◽

Antonio Gatto ◽

Giovanni Scambia

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Clinical Significance ◽

Diagnostic Approach ◽

Postnatal Life ◽

Third Trimester ◽

3 Dimensional ◽

Definition Of

Fetal gallstones and cholelithiasis, detected by routine third trimester ultrasound, have been described in the literature with controversial clinical significance. We report a case of fetal cholelithiasis detected at 35 weeks gestation during a routine scan. The diagnosis was performed using an integrated 2-dimensional (2-D) and 3-dimensional (3-D) ultrasound approach in order to obtain a better definition of the fetal gallbladder and its content. A neonatal follow-up was achieved. The present study has a twofold purpose: firstly, to update the diagnostic approach using the innovative 3-D modalities and secondly, to review the management of this condition during fetal and postnatal life.

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Employment status and sick-leave following obesity surgery: a five-year prospective cohort study

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.1285 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. e1285 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

John Roger Andersen ◽

Ulrikke J.V. Hernæs ◽

Karl Ove Hufthammer ◽

Villy Våge

Keyword(s):

Sick Leave ◽

Obesity Surgery ◽

Disability Pension ◽

Employment Status ◽

Severe Obesity ◽

Paid Work ◽

Low Education ◽

Preoperative Predictors ◽

Over Time

Background.Severe obesity is a risk factor for lower participation in paid work, but whether employment increases and sick leave decreases after obesity surgery is not well documented.Methods.We assessed 224 Norwegian patients with severe obesity (mean age: 40; mean BMI: 49; 61% female) regarding employment status (working versus not working) and the number of days of sick leave during the preceding 12 months, before and five years after obesity surgery (75% follow-up rate). Logistic regression analysis was used to study preoperative predictors of employment status after surgery.Results.There were no change in the employment rate over time (54% versus 58%), but the number of days of sick leave per year was significantly reduced, from a mean of 63 to a mean of 26, and from a median of 36 to a median of 4. Most of this change was attributable to patients with zero days of sick leave, which increased from 25% to 41%. Being female, older, having low education level, receiving disability pension and not being employed before obesity surgery were important risk factors for not being employed after obesity surgery. The type of obesity surgery, BMI and marital status were not useful predictors.Conclusions.Our findings suggest that undergoing obesity surgery is not associated with a higher rate of employment, although it may reduce the number of days of sick leave. Additional interventions are likely needed to influence the employment status of these patients. The significant preoperative predictors of not being employed in this study provide suggestions for further research.

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Dual Chronic Ossified Epidural Hematomas Presented with Seizures 23 Years after Head Injury in an Adult Male: Case Report and Literature Review

Indian Journal of Neurotrauma ◽

10.1055/s-0037-1616032 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (01) ◽

pp. 041-042

Author(s):

Vivek Agrawal ◽

Pramod Giri

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Head Injury ◽

Literature Review ◽

Rare Case ◽

Age Group ◽

Pediatric Age ◽

Rare Entity ◽

Presenting Symptoms ◽

Pediatric Age Group

AbstractThe authors report a rare case of dual chronic ossified epidural hematomas (EDHs) in a 35-year-old man with complaint of seizures after 23 years of head injury. Ossified EDH is a rare entity, and it commonly presents in pediatric age group. Presenting symptoms include headache and very rarely seizures. Asymptomatic cases may produce symptoms after decades; hence, regular follow-up is required. Treatment includes craniotomy or conservative management.

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