scholarly journals P47 Prevalence, incidence and patterns of antiasthma medication use in children: a nationwide prescription study in France

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. e36.2-e36
Author(s):  
I Naim ◽  
F Tubach ◽  
S Guillo ◽  
A Ajrouche ◽  
Y De Rycke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Healthcare Database ◽  
National Healthcare ◽  
Annual Prevalence ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Antiasthmatic Drug ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Over Time

BackgroundUse of antiasthmatic medications has increased over the years worldwide. The aim of this study was to describe the use of antiasthmatic drugs in children in France.MethodsData were retrieved from the permanent sample (1/97th) of the French national healthcare database - the Système National des Données de Santé (SNDS) for all individuals aged from 5 to 18 years old (n=143,909) from 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2017. Prevalence and incidence rate of antiasthmatic dispensing were calculated. All analyses were stratified by calendar year, age (5–11, 12–18 years) and gender. Users were classified as occasional if they had only one dispensing of antiasthmatic drugs over the year, moderate and high if they had antiasthmatic drug dispensing at two distinct occasions or at three or more occasions, respectively.ResultsThe annual prevalence of antiasthmatic drug use varied between 12 (2011) and 11 (2017) per 100 persons and incidence varied between 4.3 (2013) and 3.8 (2017) per 100 PYs. Prevalence and incidence of use were higher in children aged between 5–11 years compared to adolescents and in boys compared to girls. Most users were occasional (52%) and only one third redeemed prescriptions on a regular basis (high users: 30%). No trend was observed regarding these percentages over time or with gender and age group.ConclusionsUse of antiasthmatic drugs in France is higher than previously described in other European countries. Prevalence of use is also higher than the prevalence of asthma as assessed in epidemiological national studies suggesting that these drugs are over-prescribed.Disclosure(s)Nothing to disclose

Symptom CheckList-90-R: Proposed Scales in a Probability Sample of Adolescents from the General Population

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Felipe-Castaño ◽  
Benito León-del-Barco ◽  
José Antonio López-Pina
Keyword(s):  
Normative Data ◽  
Sampling Error ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Probability Sample ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
And Gender

AbstractTo provide questionnaires for clinical assessment with scales adapted for adolescents would benefit clinical practice as well as research. The aim of this paper is to report normative data for adolescents on the SCL-90-R using a probability sample from the community. The participants were 1,663 adolescents, 845 girls and 818 boys, with an average age of 14.26 (SD = 1.36). They were selected through stratified cluster sampling with groups randomly selected from schools. Sampling error was estimated at 4% with a 95.5% confidence level. Cohen´s d effect sizes are reported for age-group. We found significant differences across participants according to gender and age on SCL-90-R Global Scores and Symptom Dimensions. Thus, we provide normative data, divided according to age and gender.

scholarly journals Sustainable Working Life in a Swedish Twin Cohort—A Definition Paper with Sample Overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5817
Author(s):  
Annina Ropponen ◽  
Mo Wang ◽  
Jurgita Narusyte ◽  
Karri Silventoinen ◽  
Petri Böckerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Disability Pension ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Life Trajectories ◽  
Annual Prevalence ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Over Time

Background: A unified or consensus definition of “sustainable working life” remains lacking, although studies investigating risk factors for labour market exit are numerous. In this study, we aimed (1) to update the information and to explore a definition of “sustainable working life” via a systematic literature review and (2) to describe the working life trajectories via the prevalence of sickness absence (SA), disability pension (DP), and unemployment in a Swedish twin cohort to provide a sample overview in our Sustainable Working Life-project. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted to explore the studies with the search phrase “sustainable working life” in PubMed, PsycInfo, and the Web of Science Database of Social Sciences in January 2021, resulting in a total of 51 references. A qualitative synthesis was performed for the definitions and the measures of “sustainable working life.” Based on the Swedish Twin project Of Disability pension and Sickness absence (STODS), the current dataset to address sustainable working life includes 108 280 twin individuals born between 1925 and 1990. Comprehensive register data until 2016 for unemployment, SA and DP were linked to all individuals. Using STODS, we analysed the annual prevalence of SA, DP, and unemployment as working life trajectories over time across education and age groups. Results: The reviewed 16 full articles described several distinct definitions for sustainable working life between 2007 and 2020 from various perspectives, i.e., considering workplaces or employees, the individual, organizational or enterprise level, and the society level. The definition of “sustainable working life” appearing most often was the swAge-model including a broad range of factors, e.g., health, physical/mental/psychosocial work environment, work motivation/satisfaction, and the family situation and leisure activities. Our dataset comprised of 81%–94% of individuals who did not meet SA, DP, or unemployment during the follow-up in 1994–2016, being indicative for “sustainable working life.” The annual prevalence across years had a decreasing trend of unemployment over time, whereas the prevalence of SA had more variation, with DP being rather stable. Both unemployment and DP had the highest prevalence among those with a lower level of education, whereas in SA, the differences in prevalence between education levels were minor. Unemployment was highest across the years in the youngest age group (18–27 years), the age group differences for SA were minor, and for DP, the oldest age group (58–65 years) had the highest prevalence. Conclusions: No consensus exists for a “sustainable working life,” hence meriting further studies, and we intend to contribute by utilising the STODS database for the Sustainable Working Life project. In the upcoming studies, the existing knowledge of available definitions and frameworks will be utilised. The dataset containing both register data and self-reports enables detailed follow-up for labour market participation for sustainable working life.

User Demographics and Physical Activity Behaviors on a Newly Constructed Urban Rail/Trail Conversion

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 534-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian A. Reed ◽  
Steven P. Hooker ◽  
Suresh Muthukrishnan ◽  
Brent Hutto
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Trail Use ◽  
Urban Rail ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Rail Line ◽  
And Gender ◽  
White Adults

Background:To examine demographic characteristics and physical activity (PA) behaviors of trail users on a newly constructed 2-mile urban rail/trail (ie, abandoned rail line converted to a recreational trail).Methods:A systematic evaluation process was initiated to monitor PA behaviors using the System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC).Results:Slightly more males (n = 2578, 54%) than females (n = 2198, 46%) were observed using the rail/trail since its inception. A significant age group difference (F = 16.68, P < .001) was observed among users with the vast majority being adults (n = 3317, 69%). Women were 2.2 times more likely than men (95% CI 1.7−3.0) to be sedentary rather than vigorously active adjusted for age and race. Whites were 2.8 times more likely than nonwhites (95% CI 2.4−3.2) to engage in vigorous activity rather than walking, adjusted for age and gender. Rail/trail users resided on average 2.89 miles from the trail.Discussion:The most frequent users of the rail/trail were male, white adults, and observed PA varied for gender and age. More research is needed to better understand differences in patterns of trail use by various population groups.

scholarly journals Analysis of the risk factors in SARS-CoV-2: gender and age

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 2034
Author(s):  
A. A. Sanghai ◽  
Vikram Khan ◽  
D. B. Zala ◽  
V. K. Das
Keyword(s):  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Public Health Surveillance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Surveillance Programme ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Working Age ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Key Indicators

Age and gender are key indicators of health to understand the extent to which outbreaks affect a specific age group or gender. Therefore, the present study was conducted to know whether gender equality in SARS-CoV-2 infections prevails across different age groups in the Dadra and Nagar Haveli district of the UT of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, India. The secondary data were collected up to 21st September 2020 through public health surveillance activities undertaken by, Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme, UT of the Dadra Nagar Haveli and Daman Diu. Till date, a total of 37.89 thousand samples were tested for detection of SARS-CoV-2. Only 1429 (3.76%) samples were found positive for SARS-CoV-2. Out of total positive cases, 71.38% were male and 28.62 % were female. The maximum case was encountered in the working-age group (between 19 to 50 years). However, the highest positivity rate (8.5%) was encountered in the age group of more than 50 years.

Age and gender in Iranian ‘taaroff’ politeness system

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Makarova
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Survey Questions ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Two Age Groups

Abstract This paper focuses on the Iranian taaroff politeness system. We report a quantitative analysis of the attitudes to taaroff held by 60 Iranians (30 women and 30 men) of two age groups (20–29 and 40–59 years old) and their use of formulaic taaroff expressions in conversations. The data come from dialogues elicited from the participants in Iran via short scripted scenarios and from their answers to a questionnaire survey about their attitudes to taaroff. Taaroff expressions were manually extracted from the dialogue transcripts and their overall use as well as frequencies of each expression were compared across the gender and age groups with the help of t-tests. The participants’ answers to the survey questions were compared across the groups with Kruskal-Wallis H tests. The results show statistically significant differences in the participants’ attitudes to taaroff and in its use in dialogues by gender and age group.

An analysis of the temporal, age, and gender trends in human papillomavirus virus (HPV)-related versus non-HPV-related head and neck cancers (HNC) in Alberta, Canada.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e12505-e12505
Author(s):  
Desiree Hao ◽  
Harold Y. Lau ◽  
Longlong Huang ◽  
Corinne M. Doll ◽  
Joseph C. Dort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Younger Men ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Population Based Registry ◽  
Over Time

e12505 Background: Recent epidemiologic studies have suggested that the incidence of HPV-associated HNC is increasing. This study assessed temporal, age-specific and gender specific changes in cancer incidence for HPV- versus non-HPV associated HNC compared with other HPV versus non-HPV associated malignancies in a population-based setting. Methods: We used the Alberta Cancer Registry, a population-based registry of all cancers diagnosed in the province of Alberta, Canada (population est. 3.6 million), to identify patients diagnosed with cancers of the oropharynx, cervix, vulva, vagina, anus, and penis (HPV-associated group) and compared this with non-oropharyngeal cancers of the head and neck and lung cancer (non-HPV associated, modifiable risk group) between January 1, 1975 and December 31, 2009. The age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) for each cancer by gender and age-specific incidence was estimated with the annual percentage change (APC) assessed using Joinpoint regression. Results: The ASIR for oropharyngeal cancers (OPC) increased over time for both men (APC 3.5) and women (APC 1.5) with rapid increases seen in men under 35 (APC 27.3). Non-oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck had a higher ASIR overall with moderate temporal increases (APC 2.5) and age-specific increases highest in those aged 55 to 74. ASIR for anal canal cancers also increased over time, with greater increases amongst younger females, in contrast to OPC. By comparison, the ASIR of cervix cancer declined with more significant decreases in younger females; while the rates of other HPV-associated cancers (vulva, vagina, penile) showed little change. The ASIR for lung cancer decreased after 1987 (APC -1.5) for men and continued to moderately increase for women. Conclusions: Our findings suggest the greatest increases in OPC are occurring in younger men. Programs of HPV prevention such as vaccination should be explored to reduce the incidence of OPC in males.

Participation and performance trends: Polish Nordic marathoners

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-35
Author(s):  
Rafal Gotowski ◽  
Marta Anna Zurawik
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Nordic Walking ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Male Participation ◽  
Performance Trends ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Gender

For the last two decades, the physical activity of the Poles has increased dynamically. Nevertheless, there has been a decline in the number of Polish athletes running marathons compared with an increase in participation in a variety of competitions not directly associated with running. The purpose of this study was to investigate participation and performance trends in Nordic walking marathons in Poland between 2014 and 2019. A total of 490 Polish Nordic walking marathoners, who completed races between 2014 and 2019 were included. Participation and performance were analysed with an emphasis on the demographics of the age and gender of the athletes. The results suggest that overall male participation in Nordic walking marathons was high, yet the number of female finishers increased over the period of the study. Though men also had significantly better finishing times over the same period. In terms of age, middle-aged competitors were the biggest and the fastest age-group between 2014 and 2019.The strength of this study lies in its novelty. It is the first research project to directly examine the participation and performance of Nordic walking marathoners between 2014 and 2019 in terms of gender and age.

scholarly journals Investigation of the femoral inclination and Alsberg angles according to age and gender in adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-197
Author(s):  
Seda SERTEL MEYVACI ◽  
Yasin Emre KAYA
Keyword(s):  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right

Objectives: The objective of our study was to examine the changes in the inclination and Alsberg angles of the femur in terms of age and gender. Methods: The present study was conducted on X-Ray images of 208 healthy individuals (103 males and 105 females) admitted to Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinics. Both genders were separated into 3 different age groups. Statistical analyses were made to determine the difference between the gender and age groups. Results: The mean inclination angle of the femur was 132.88±7.08º on the right-side and 130.27±7.81º on the left. The mean Alsberg angle of the femur was 42.07±7.04º on the right-side and 41.43±7.03º on the left. The inclination angle was significantly higher in males than females on both sides and was significantly lower in 41–60 age group. The Alsberg angle was also significantly higher in males than females in 21–40 age group. Conclusion: The Alsberg angle is positively related with inclination angle, and subject to change by age. Knowing how IA and AA will be affected by age and gender and knowing the relation between these two angles will help to take a more accurate approach while evaluating and managing the follow up of a patient undergoing total hip arthroplasty, reconstructive surgery or planning physical theraphy.

Not Just Fun and Games: Toy Advertising on Television Targeting Children Promotes Sedentary Play

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 773-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique Potvin Kent ◽  
Clive Velkers
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sedentary Activity ◽  
Active Play ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Media Research ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Over Time

Objective:To examine the volume of television toy advertising targeting Canadian children and to determine if it promotes active or sedentary play, targets males or females more frequently, and has changed over time.Methods:Data for toy/game advertising from 27 television stations in Toronto for the month of May in 2006 and 2013 were licensed from Neilsen Media Research (Montreal, Quebec, Canada). A content analysis was performed on all ads to determine what age group and gender were targeted and whether physical or sedentary activity was being promoted. Comparisons were made between 2006 and 2013.Results:There were 3.35 toy ads/h/children’s specialty station in 2013 (a 15% increase from 2006). About 88% of toy ads promoted sedentary play in 2013, a 27% increase from 2006 levels, while toy ads promoting active play decreased by 33%. In both 2006 and 2013, a greater number of sedentary toy ads targeted males (n = 1519, May 2006; n = 2030, May 2013) compared with females (n = 914, May 2006; n = 1619, May 2013), and between 2006 and 2013, these ads increased significantly for both males and females.Conclusion:Future research should explore whether such advertising influences children’s preferences for activities and levels of physical activity.

scholarly journals Sex and gender differences in polypharmacy in persons with dementia: A scoping review

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 205031211984571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanna C Trenaman ◽  
Megan Rideout ◽  
Melissa K Andrew
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Potentially Inappropriate Medications ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Inappropriate Medications ◽  
Sex And Gender Differences

Purpose: To date, research studies in most disciplines have not made sex-based analysis a priority despite increasing evidence of its importance. We now understand that both sex and gender impact medication prescribing, use, and effect. This is particularly true for older adults with dementia who have alterations in drug metabolism, drug response, and the permeability of the blood–brain barrier. To better understand the influence of sex and gender on drug use in older adults with dementia, we conducted a scoping review. Methods: This scoping review systematically searched the Medline, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, and ProQuest databases to find published reports on polypharmacy in populations of older adults with dementia that included a sex- or gender-based analysis. Results: A total of 12 published reports were identified. Findings were cohort studies and case-control trials that commented on sex-related differences in medication use as a secondary analysis to the studies’ primary objective. These studies showed that community-dwelling women received more potentially inappropriate medications and more psychotropic medications, while nursing home dwelling men received more potentially inappropriate medications, cholinesterase inhibitors, and antipsychotics. None of the identified studies explicitly examined gender-related differences in medication use. Conclusion: This scoping review supports that there is inadequate understanding of both sex and gender differences in drug use in older men and women with dementia. To tailor medication-specific interventions to improve drug therapy for older adults with dementia, it is important that future work includes sex- or gender-based analysis of drug use.

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