scholarly journals Effectiveness of a Central Discharge Element Sock for Plantar Temperature Reduction and Improving Comfort

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 6011
Author(s):  
Alfonso Martínez-Nova ◽  
Víctor Manuel Jiménez-Cano ◽  
Juan Miguel Caracuel-López ◽  
Beatriz Gómez-Martín ◽  
Elena Escamilla-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Increase ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Contact Zones ◽  
Temperature Reduction ◽  
Thermographic Camera ◽  
Design Weight

U-shaped plantar cushions could help reduce stress affecting the central forefoot without the need for an orthosis, but they are yet to be integrated as an element in socks. The objective of this study was to verify the effectiveness of a sock with a central discharge element in terms of plantar temperature and comfort. The sample comprised 38 subjects (13 men and 25 women). Their plantar temperatures were measured with a thermographic camera in a basal situation and after each of two 10-minute walks around an indoor circuit during which they wore either control or experimental socks at random (the same design, weight, and fiber, but with the plantar cushioning element added). After the walks, each subject responded to a comfort questionnaire (five-point Likert scale), blindly scoring the two socks. The highest temperatures (28.3 ± 2.7 °C) were recorded in the zone of the second and third metatarsal heads. With the experimental socks, the observed temperature increase in the central forefoot zone was significantly less than with the control socks (31.6 vs 30.6 °C, p = 0.001). The subjects found the experimental socks to be more comfortable than the controls (4.63 ± 0.5 vs 4.03 ± 0.5, p < 0.001). The discharge element included in the experimental socks was effective since it reduced the contact zones and excess friction with the ground, thereby lessening overheating by more than 1°C. Furthermore, the experimental socks were perceived as being more comfortable by the subjects who had mild and occasional foot discomfort.

New Cooling Device for Oral Mucosa Better Tolerated and Equally Effective As Ice Cooling

Blood ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 128 (22) ◽  
pp. 5806-5806
Author(s):  
Java Walladbegi ◽  
Anncarin Svanberg ◽  
Gunnar Birgegard ◽  
Mats Jontell
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Oral Mucositis ◽  
Buccal Mucosa ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Cooling Device ◽  
Circulating Water ◽  
Temperature Reduction ◽  
Thermographic Camera

Abstract Introduction: Oral mucositis (OM) is an inflammation of the oral mucosa affecting up to 80% of all patients receiving myeloablative therapy prior to stem cell transplantation. The complication manifests as ulcerations and may require high doses of morphine for pain alleviation.OM may also interfere with food intakeand result in parenteral nutrition, weight loss and impaired quality of life. Current literature indicates very few evidence-based interventions for prevention of OM. Cryotherapy (CT),using ice chips has reported to efficiently reduced grade and extent of OM, although clinical use is still limited due to several disadvantages. These include adverse teeth sensations, nausea and uneven cooling of the oral mucosa. Moreovercontinuous supply of ice chips is needed during treatment sessions and thewater from which ice chips are made may be of poor quality, leading to health hazards. Objectives: The primary endpoint of the present study was to evaluate the tolerability of an intraoral cooling device (Cooral) compared with ice chips. Secondary endpoints were temperature reduction and cooling distribution. Methods:To avoid the adverse effects and reduce the disadvantages of ice chips an optimal fitting mouth-cooling device (Fig. 1), shaped and dimensioned to cool the gums, cheeks, tongue, palate and base of the mouth was designed. Thecooling device is made of a closed channel system with continuous circulating water and has the advantage over ice chips as the water temperature can be adjusted. 20 healthy volunteers (mean age: 24 years) (17 women; 3 men) were enrolled in this cross over study. Each individual used the cooling device and ice chips for 60 minutes in two separate sessions with at least 24 hours apart. Prior to inclusion, the procedure was explained in writing and a written informed consent was obtained. Baseline- and final temperatures were measured (Fig. 2) in eight intraoral locations (right buccal mucosa, left buccal mucosa, upper labial mucosa, lower labial mucosa, anterior and posterior dorsal tongue, ventral tongue and hard palate) using an infrared thermographic camera (FLIR-60). Following each cooling session a questionnaire, specifically developed for the study to assess tolerability, was completed. In total 700 thermographic images were analysed using FlIR-60 tools software and BioPix. Results: The cooling device was found to be significantly better tolerated compared to ice chips and was preferred by 16 out of 20 participants (P=0.0118; Fig. 3). Three individuals preferred ice chips as they were frequently habitually chewing on ice. One individual reported that the device was experienced as too big, a problem that will be solved in the future, as three different sizes of the device will be produced. Finally, the device was found to be as efficient as ice chips in terms of cooling reduction and cooling distribution. Conclusions: The cooling device was significantly better tolerated and provided as efficient temperature reduction and cooling distribution as ice chips in healthy volunteers. The device has the potential not just to improve the comfort but in the long term also optimize the effect of cryotherapy with the aim of preventing oral mucositis. The next step in this research will be to evaluate the cooling device in a clinical setting to establish its tolerability and efficacy of preventing oral mucositis. FormulŠrets nederkant Disclosures Walladbegi: BraincCool: Employment, Research Funding. Svanberg:BrainCool: Employment, Research Funding. Jontell:BrainCool: Research Funding.

scholarly journals Design and Characterization of Electrically Conductive Structures Additively Manufactured by Material Extrusion

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hagen Watschke ◽  
Karl Hilbig ◽  
Thomas Vietor
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Temperature Increase ◽  
Functional Integration ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Resistive Heating ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Voltage Dependent ◽  
Thermographic Camera ◽  
Raster Angle

Multi-material additive manufacturing offers new design freedom for functional integration and opens new possibilities in innovative part design, for instance, a local integration of electrically conductive structures or heat radiant surfaces. Detailed experimental investigations on materials with three different fillers (carbon black (CB), carbon nanotubes (CNT) and nano copper wires) were conducted to identify process-specific influencing factors on electrical conductivity and resistive heating. In this regard, raster angle orientation, extrusion temperature, speed and flow rate were investigated. A variation of the raster angle (0°, ±45°, and 90°) shows the highest influence on resistivity. An angle of 0° had the lowest electrical resistance and the highest temperature increase due to resistive heating. The material filled with nano copper wires showed the highest electrical conductivity followed by the CNT filled material and materials filled with CB. Both current–voltage characteristics and voltage-dependent heat distribution of the surface temperature were determined by using a thermographic camera. The highest temperature increase was achieved by the CNT filled material. The materials filled with CB and nano copper wires showed increased electrical resistance depending on temperature. Based on the experiments, solution principles and design rules for additively manufactured electrically conductive structures are derived.

scholarly journals Thermographic Method Based Accelerated Fatigue Limit Calculation for Steel X5CrNi18-10 Subjected to Rotating Bending

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 64-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Lipski
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Limit ◽  
Temperature Increase ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Fatigue Loading ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Base Number ◽  
Staircase Method ◽  
Thermographic Camera ◽  
Rotating Bending ◽  
Number Of Cycles

Abstract The article presents an accelerated method for fatigue limit calculation which makes use of constant temperature increase rate observed in the middle time interval of specimen fatigue loading. The examination was performed on specimens prepared from drawn rods made of corrosion resistant austenitic steel X5CrNi18-10 (1.4301) subjected to rotating bending. For comparison purposes, the fatigue limit was also calculated with the aid of the Staircase method, using 30 specimens and assuming the base number of cycles equal to 10·106. Three specimens were used for accelerated examination during which their temperature was measured with the aid of the thermographic camera CEDIP Silver 420M (FLIR SC 5200). The applied loads were gradually increased until specimen damage took place. Based on the analysis of temperature changes during specimen loading, the average rate of temperature increase at successive loading stages was assessed. The obtained results were then approximated using the 2-nd order curve and its minimal value was assumed as corresponding to the fatigue limit. The performed statistic test has revealed that the fatigue limit calculated in the above way does not differ substantially from that determined using the Staircase method.

Examining the Effects of Two Mindful Eating Exercises on Chocolate Consumption

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 120-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Mantzios ◽  
Kirby Skillett ◽  
Helen Egan
Keyword(s):  
Likert Scale ◽  
News Article ◽  
Mindful Eating ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The present study aimed to investigate and compare the impact of the Mindful Construal Diary (MCD) and the Mindful Raisin Exercise on the sensory tasting experience of chocolate and participants’ chocolate consumption. Participants were randomly allocated into three conditions (MCD, mindful raisin exercise, and mindless control), and engaged with either the MCD, the mindful raisin exercise, or, were asked to read a news article, respectively, while they ate a piece of chocolate. They then rated their satisfaction and desire to consume more chocolate on a 10-point Likert scale, and filled in a state mindful eating scale. Afterward, participants were informed that the study had ended and were asked to wait while the experimenter recorded some information, and any extra chocolate consumption during this time was recorded. Participants in both mindfulness conditions consumed significantly less chocolate after the exercise than participants in the control condition. No significant differences were found between the three conditions on ratings of satisfaction and desire to consume more chocolate. Both the MCD and the raisin exercise can be used to successfully moderate the intake of calorific foods, while the MCD can be utilized as an alternative practice to the typical meditation-based interventions.

Penerapan Good Corporate Governance Pada Nazhir Tunai Yang Terdaftar Di Badan Wakaf Indonesia Studi Kasus Di Tabung Wakaf Indonesia Dan YPI Wakaf AL Azhar

Liquidity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-105
Author(s):  
Dede Dahlan
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Money Management ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Good Corporate Governance ◽  
Management Institutions

There are many understanding of society, that cash waqf it should not be legal. So is the trust factor of people's money management institutions waqf (Nazhir) is still a constraint. Research conducted in Tabung Wakaf Indonesia (TWI) and Wakaf Al Azhar this analysis method, namely the principles of Good Corporate Governance (GCG). Here researchers using purposive sampling, followed by giving a score using the Likert Scale. To determine whether the data obtained in the field is valid or not, the researchers used a method tri angular source. The results of the assessment of GCG in TWI and Wakaf Al-Azhar obtain a total score of at Tabung Wakaf Indonesia amounting to 3.15. Then the bias is said that the implementation of GCG at TWI and Wakaf Al-Azhar declared "GOOD ENOUGH". While the results of the evaluation tri angular mention, that the data obtained from the results of research in the field both TWI and in Wakaf Al-Azhar, when compared with the corporate governance principles can be declared invalid according to the KNKG.

Ovakent Özbek Göçmenlerinde Kültürleşme Düzeyleri

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-174
Author(s):  
İrfan Atalay ◽  
Ferda Dikmen ◽  
Sonel Bosnalı ◽  
Yusuf Topaloğlu
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Change ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Acculturation Strategies ◽  
Migrant Community ◽  
Mainstream Culture ◽  
Turkish Society

1979 yılında işgal ve devamındaki terör yüzünden ülkelerinden koparak göçer duruma düşmüş ve Hatay-Ovakent’e yerleştirilmiş Özbek asıllı bir grup Afganistan vatandaşının kültür ve kimliklerini koruma çabalarını, kültürel değişimlerinin yönü ve hızını, değişimlerinin düzey ve biçimlerini belirlemeye yönelik yapılan ve sahada gerçekleştirilen anket çalışmasıyla desteklenen bu çalışma, kültürel azınlık bir topluluk durumundaki göçerlerin kültür(süz)leşme (acculturation) sürecini incelemektedir. Çalışmada, kültürel boyutlarıyla ele alınan topluluğun durumu makro düzeyde değerlendirilmiştir. Yedi bin kişilik göçer nüfusun 0.03 oranında küçültülmesiyle, farklı yaş ve cinsiyetten, 210 kişilik denek grubuna kültürün devamlılığı, çeşitliliği, değişimi ve egemen kültürle bütünleşme sürecini ölçmeye yönelik, yaşam biçimleri, benimsedikleri kimlik, dinsel uygulamaları, örf ve adetleri, aidiyetleri, meslekleri ve yemek kültürlerine yönelik yirmi dört soruluk bir sormaca uygulanmıştır. Yanıtlar Likert ölçekleme yöntemi ve John W. Berry’nin göçerlerin başka kültürlerle temasları durumunda karşılaştıkları süreçleri ele aldığı kültür(süz)leşme izlemleri kuramı çerçevesinde değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler, Özbek göçerlerin Türk toplumuyla her yönüyle bütünleşmeyi sürdürdüğü, ancak Ovakent’in egemen kültür bireylerinden ayrık bir konumda olmasının bu süreci yavaşlattığını göstermektedir..ABSTRACT IN ENGLISHAcculturation among Uzbek Immigrants in OvakentThis study, based on a survey, explores the efforts and experiences of maintaining the culture and identity among Uzbek immigrants, who were uprooted due to the occupation and the terror in 1979, and had moved to Hatay-Ovakent. It examines the process of acculturation of Uzbek migrants in a community in order to understand the process and speed of a cultural change. In this study, the Uzbek community is analysed at macro level. A questionnaire of twenty-four questions about the continuity of culture, diversity, exchange and integration processes are explored with a sample representing 0.03 percent of (210 respondents) a migrant community of seven thousand. The responses were collected using a questionnaire employing Likert Scale questions following the framework of acculturation strategies theory of John W. Berry regarding immigrants in contact with other cultures. We have found that Uzbek migrants continue to acculturate with Turkish society in all aspects, but due to Ovakent’s isolated position and distance from the mainstream culture in Turkey, this process has seemingly slowed down.

Brahmi legends on Umayyad Fulus: Interrogating local minting practices and numismatic transculturation in Gandhara (ca. 750 CE)

Afghanistan ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-165
Author(s):  
Waleed Ziad
Keyword(s):  
Base Metal ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Eighth Century ◽  
Political Authority ◽  
Unusual Feature ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Contact Zones ◽  
Confessional Identity ◽  
Derivatives Of

This paper concerns a historically significant find of copper derivatives of Umayyad post-reform fulus from Gandhara, probably minted in the mid-eighth century under Turk Shahi sovereignty (c. 667–875). The coins share an unusual feature: two Brahmi aksharas on an Umayyad AE prototype, inversely oriented to a partially-corrupted Arabic legend. These base metal coins represent perhaps the only known caliphal imitative varieties issued by moneyers beyond the eastern limits of Umayyad and Abbasid sovereignty. They have the potential to inform our understanding of the complex relationship between political authority, confessional identity, and coin typology in late antiquity – particularly within early “Hindu”– “Muslim” contact zones. Moreover, they provide invaluable clues into the circulatory regimes of Umayyad coinage.

Facial Perceptions: Age's Influence on People's Perceptions of Facial Modifications

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nascine Howell ◽  
Lindsey Erin Overhalser ◽  
Abigail Eliza Randall ◽  
Rachael Dillon
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Online Surveys ◽  
People’S Perception ◽  
The Face ◽  
Subject Experiment ◽  
People’S Perceptions

A 2x7 between-subject experiment examined the affect of age on people’s perceptions of facial modifications. Researchers instructed participants aged 18-60 to complete two online surveys. One survey contained 10 modified faces (facial piercings and neck tattoos) and the second survey contained 10 non-modified faces. Participants were instructed to look at each face and rate the face using a 5 point Likert scale on five traits: Trustworthiness, Attractiveness, Confidence, Intelligence and Friendliness. Modified faces were rated higher and perceived more positively than the non-modified faces by participants in all age groups. There was an effect of modification on age groups one (18-23 years old), two (24-29 years), five (30-35 years) and six (36-41 years) for the traits Attractiveness and Confidence. These findings suggest people’s perception of strangers’ is influenced by their own age at the time of the encounter and the age of the faces.

PERSPEKTIF HALAL DAN SOSIAL MEDIA PADA PEMBELIAN KOSMETIK

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-55
Author(s):  
Larassanti Eka Putri ◽  
K. Bagus Wardianto ◽  
Ghia Subagia
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Purchasing Decisions ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Female Consumers ◽  
Simultaneous Testing

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kesadaran logo halal dan iklan media sosial Instagram terhadap keputusan pembelian produk kosmetik.  Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah explanatory research dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumen wanita yang menggunakan kosmetik Wardah di Bandar Lampung, dengan sampel sebanyak 100 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuisioner, dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kesadaran logo halal, dan iklan media sosial Instagram berpengaruh signifikan secara parsial maupun silmultan terhadap keputusan pembelian kosmetik. Kehalalan dapat menjadi branding yang semakin kuat, jika didukung dengan promosi melalui media sosial, yang mampu menjangkau segmentasi pasar yang lebih luas terhadap produk lokal.   ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the effect of Awareness of the Halal Logo and Instagram Social Media Ads on Wardah Cosmetics Purchasing Decisions. This type of research used in this research is explanatory research with a quantitative approach. The population in this study is female consumers who use Wardah cosmetics in Bandar Lampung. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling with a sample of 100 respondents. The data was obtained from a questionnaire using a Likert scale. The results of this study explain that Awareness of the Halal Logo, and Instagram Social Media Ads significantly influence Wardah Cosmetics Purchasing Decisions. Simultaneous testing results showed that Halal Logo Awareness and Instagram Social Media Ads had a significant effect on Wardah Cosmetics Purchasing Decisions.

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