scholarly journals The Impact of Shift Work on Occupational Health Indicators among Professionally Active Adults: A Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11290
Author(s):  
Henrique Pereira ◽  
Gergely Fehér ◽  
Antal Tibold ◽  
Samuel Monteiro ◽  
Vítor Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Active Adults

The analysis of the impact of shift work on occupational health still needs further contributions. Therefore, we developed this research with the purpose of assessing the impact of shift work on occupational health indicators, namely burnout, work-engagement, occupational self-efficacy, and mental health functioning (symptoms of depression and anxiety), by comparing workers who did shift work (44.2% of participants) with workers who did not (55.8% of participants). A total of 695 Portuguese professionally active adults between 18 and 73 years of age (Mage = 37.71; SD = 12.64) participated in this study and completed a survey containing a sociodemographic questionnaire and four occupational health measures: The Burnout Assessment Tool, The Work-Engagement questionnaire (UWES), The Occupational Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, and the BSI-18 for mental health symptoms. Results showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) for all indicators, demonstrating that participants who worked shifts presented lower scores of work-engagement and occupational self-efficacy, and higher scores of burnout, depression, and anxiety when compared to participants who did not work shifts. Linear regressions showed that shift work explained significant but low percentages of anxiety symptoms, low work-engagement, depression symptoms, low occupational self-efficacy, and burnout. We concluded that non-standard working hours (by shifts) are detrimental to employee occupational health, by increasing the risk of anxiety and depression levels, and burnout, and by reducing work-engagement (as a well-being indicator) and occupational self-efficacy perceptions.

scholarly journals Depression and anxiety before and during the COVID-19 lockdown: a longitudinal cohort study with university students

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virgínia da Conceição ◽  
Inês Rothes ◽  
Ricardo Gusmão ◽  
Henrique Barros
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
University Students ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Portuguese Version ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackgroundFor young people, just as in the general population, COVID-19 caused many changes in their lives, including an increased risk for mental illness symptoms. We aimed to study the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in anxiety and depression symptoms in a cohort of university students.MethodsThis study is part of broader longitudinal research on university students’ mental health with data of the Portuguese version of The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Portuguese version of the Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) with evaluations on January, May and October 2019 and June 2020, as well as socio-demographic information.Results341 university students (257 females and 84 males) were included, with a mean age of 19.91 (SD=1.58). In June 2020, the mean for perceived wellbeing loss was 60.47% (SD=26.56) and 59.54% (SD=28.95) for mental health loss. The proportion of students with scores equal to or above 15 in the PHQ-9 ranged between 22.6% and 25.5% in 2019 and 37.0% in June 2020. The proportion of GAD-7 scores above cut-off ten ranged between 46.0% and 47.8% in 2019 and 64.5% in 2020. Compared with preceding trends, PHQ-9 scores were 3.11 (CI=2.40-3.83) higher than expected, and GAD-7 scores were 3.56 (CI=2.75-5.37) higher.DiscussionCOVID-19 impacted negatively depressive and anxiety symptoms, confirming previous studies and young people’s vulnerability in such uncertain times.

scholarly journals Mental Health and Behavior During the Early Phases of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Mobile Smartphone and Ecological Momentary Assessment Study in College Students

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy F Huckins ◽  
alex dasilva ◽  
weichen wang ◽  
Elin L. Hedlund ◽  
Courtney Rogers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Health Changes ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
Mobile Smartphone ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundWorldwide, the vast majority of people have been impacted by COVID-19. While millions of individuals have become infected, billions of individuals have been asked or required by local and national governments to change their behavioral patterns. Previous research on epidemics or traumatic events suggest this can lead to profound behavioral and mental health changes, but rarely are researchers able to track these changes with frequent, near real-time sampling or compare these to previous years of data on the same individuals.ObjectivesWe seek to answer two overarching questions by combining mobile phone sensing and self-reported mental health data among college students participating in a longitudinal study for the past two years. First, have behaviors and mental health changed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic as compared to previous time periods within the same participants? Second, did behavior and mental health changes track the relative news coverage of COVID-19 in the US media?MethodsBehaviors were measured using the StudentLife mobile smartphone sensing app. Depression and anxiety were assessed using weekly self-reported Ecological Momentary Assessments (EMAs). Differences in behaviors and self-reported mental health collected during the Winter 2020 term (the term in which the coronavirus pandemic started), as compared to prevous terms in the same cohort, were modeled using mixed linear models.ResultsDuring the initial COVID-19 impacted academic term (Winter 2020), individuals were more sedentary and reported increased anxiety and depression symptoms (P&lt;.001), relative to the previous academic terms and subsequent academic breaks. Interactions between the Winter 2020 term and week of academic term (linear and quadratic) were significant. In a mixed linear model, phone usage, number of locations visited, and week of the term, were strongly associated with increased coronavirus-related news. When mental health metrics (e.g., depression and anxiety) were added to the previous measures (week of term, number of locations visited, and phone usage), both anxiety (P&lt;.001) and depression (P&lt;.05) were significantly associated with coronavirus-related news.ConclusionsCompared with prior academic terms, individuals in Winter 2020 were more sedentary, anxious, and depressed. A wide variety of behaviors, including increased phone usage, decreased physical activity, and fewer locations visited, are associated with fluctuations in COVID-19 news reporting. While this large-scale shift in mental health and behavior is unsurprising, its characterization is particularly important to help guide the development of methods that could reduce the impact of future catastrophic events on the mental health of the population.

scholarly journals Mental Health and Behavior During the Early Phases of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Mobile Smartphone and Ecological Momentary Assessment Study in College Students (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy F Huckins ◽  
Alex W DaSilva ◽  
Weichen Wang ◽  
Elin Hedlund ◽  
Courtney Rogers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Health Changes ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
Mobile Smartphone ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND Worldwide, the vast majority of people have been impacted by COVID-19. While millions of individuals have become infected, billions of individuals have been asked or required by local and national governments to change their behavioral patterns. Previous research on epidemics or traumatic events suggest this can lead to profound behavioral and mental health changes, but rarely are researchers able to track these changes with frequent, near real-time sampling or compare these to previous years of data on the same individuals. OBJECTIVE We seek to answer two overarching questions by combining mobile phone sensing and self-reported mental health data among college students participating in a longitudinal study for the past two years. First, have behaviors and mental health changed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic as compared to previous time periods within the same participants? Second, did behavior and mental health changes track the relative news coverage of COVID-19 in the US media? METHODS Behaviors such as the number of locations visited, distance traveled, duration of phone usage, number of phone unlocks, sleep duration and sedentary time were measured using the StudentLife mobile smartphone sensing app. Depression and anxiety were assessed using weekly self-reported Ecological Momentary Assessments (EMAs) of the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4). Participants were 217 undergraduate students, with 178 students having data during the Winter 2020 term. Differences in behaviors and self-reported mental health collected during the Winter 2020 term (the term in which the coronavirus pandemic started), as compared to previous terms in the same cohort, were modeled using mixed linear models. RESULTS During the initial COVID-19 impacted academic term (Winter 2020), individuals were more sedentary and reported increased anxiety and depression symptoms (P<.001), relative to the previous academic terms and subsequent academic breaks. Interactions between the Winter 2020 term and week of academic term (linear and quadratic) were significant. In a mixed linear model, phone usage, number of locations visited, and week of the term, were strongly associated with increased coronavirus-related news. When mental health metrics (e.g., depression and anxiety) were added to the previous measures (week of term, number of locations visited, and phone usage), both anxiety (P<.001) and depression (P=.029) were significantly associated with coronavirus-related news. CONCLUSIONS Compared with prior academic terms, individuals in Winter 2020 were more sedentary, anxious, and depressed. A wide variety of behaviors, including increased phone usage, decreased physical activity, and fewer locations visited, are associated with fluctuations in COVID-19 news reporting. While this large-scale shift in mental health and behavior is unsurprising, its characterization is particularly important to help guide the development of methods that could reduce the impact of future catastrophic events on the mental health of the population. CLINICALTRIAL

scholarly journals The effects of telework satisfaction and Zoom fatigue on mental health: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
HeydiMartinezB ◽  
Charity Pagoaga Sarres ◽  
Óscar Munguía Espinoza ◽  
Ernesto Gálvez Pineda ◽  
Miguel Landa-Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Work Satisfaction ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Visual Fatigue ◽  
Practical Implications

The current study shows how symptoms of somatization, depression, and anxiety were affected by telework satisfaction and Zoom fatigue. This was made through a quantitative approach in a sample of 199 employees. Somatization, depression, and anxiety symptoms were measured through the BSI-18. The Zoom Exhaustion &amp; Fatigue Scale (ZEFS) was used to evaluate different forms of videoconferencing fatigue, including visual, social, motivational, emotional, and general fatigue. The Work Satisfaction for Teleworkers Questionnaire (WSTQ) was used to measure telework satisfaction. Results indicate that somatization symptoms were significantly predicted by ZEFS-visual fatigue, ZEFS-motivational fatigue, and age. ZEFS-emotional fatigue and respondent's age, predicted depression symptoms. Anxiety scores were significantly predicted by ZEFS-emotional fatigue. When considering ZEFS, respondents' age, sex, and years working at the institution, satisfaction with telework was not related to any mental health indicators. All regression models had large effect sizes. Results suggest that videoconferencing fatigue can have direct repercussions on workers' mental health. The findings are discussed, considering previous research and practical implications.

Childhood Material Hardship and Adolescent Mental Health

2021 ◽  
pp. 0044118X2110018
Author(s):  
Chrisse Edmunds ◽  
Melissa Alcaraz
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Adolescent Depression ◽  
Adolescent Mental Health ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Fragile Families ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Material Hardship ◽  
Critical Age ◽  
The Relationship

Adolescent mental health has implications for current and future wellbeing. While a link exists between poverty and mental health, little is known about how experiencing material hardship, such as insecurity of food, housing, utilities, and medical care, throughout early childhood affects adolescent mental health. We examine the relationship between material hardship in childhood and adolescent mental health. We use Poisson regression to examine the effect of material hardship experienced at different stages of childhood on adolescent depression and anxiety outcomes at age 15. We use longitudinal data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study ( N = 3,222). We find that recently experiencing material hardship during childhood is positively and significantly associated with anxiety and depression symptoms at age 15, even when controlling for material hardship at age 15. Additionally, we find that insecurity during mid-childhood and the stress of lacking basic needs during a critical age may influence mental health in adolescence.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Perceived Impact and Psychological Variables as Predictors of Unhealthy Food and Alcohol Consumption Trajectories: The Role of Gender and Living with Children as Moderators

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4542
Author(s):  
Camila Salazar-Fernández ◽  
Daniela Palet ◽  
Paola A. Haeger ◽  
Francisca Román Mella
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Unhealthy Food ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Curve Modeling ◽  
Perceived Impact ◽  
Mental Health Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

The present study examines the trajectories of unhealthy food and alcohol consumption over time and considers whether perceived impact of COVID-19 and psychological variables are predictors of these trajectories. We ascertained whether these predictors are different in women vs. men and between women living with vs. without children. Data were collected through online surveys administered to 1038 participants from two universities (staff and students) in Chile, across five waves (July to October 2020). Participants provided information about their past-week unhealthy food and alcohol consumption and mental health. Using latent growth curve modeling analysis, we found that higher perceived health and interpersonal COVID-19 impact, younger age and lower depression symptoms were associated with more rapid increases over time in unhealthy food consumption. On the other hand, higher perceived COVID-19 economic impact and older age were associated with more rapid diachronic decreases in alcohol consumption. Gender and living with or without children, for women only, were moderators of these trajectories. This longitudinal study provides strong evidence identifying the multiple repercussions of COVID-19 and mental health factors on unhealthy food and alcohol consumption. These findings highlight the need for interventions aimed at minimizing the impact of the pandemic on unhealthy food and alcohol consumption over time.

Exploring the impact of abusive supervision on employee' voice behavior in Chinese construction industry: a moderated mediation analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naseer Abbas Khan ◽  
Ali Nawaz Khan
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Abusive Supervision ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Psychological Climate ◽  
Employee Voice ◽  
Voice Behavior ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore the impact of abusive supervision on employees' voice in China's construction industry. Moreover, the authors explore the mediating role of ethics-related self-efficacy and work engagement and the moderating influence of psychological climate in explaining the association between abusive supervision and employee voice behavior.Design/methodology/approachThis study used data in pairs collected from 402 supervisors and employees of construction companies in Anhui, China. In this study, the authors used the time-lag approach to collect data in three-time waves from different respondents. A structural equation modeling (SEM) approach was applied to test the hypothesized model.FindingsThe results of this study indicate that there is a significant association between abusive supervision and employee voice. Moreover, the results indicated that work engagement mediated the association between abusive supervision and employees' voice. In contrast, self-efficacy did not mediate the link between abusive supervision and employee voice. Furthermore, results also show that the contingent effect of psychological climate significantly influences the mediating effect of work engagement.Originality/valueThis study also has implications for the construction industry, allowing managers to create a favorable working atmosphere in which employees can reinforce their voices at work.

Longitudinal Effects of Gendered Harassment Perpetration and Victimization on Mental Health Outcomes in Adolescence

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (23-24) ◽  
pp. 5997-6016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Rinehart ◽  
Dorothy L. Espelage ◽  
Kristen L. Bub
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Homophobic Name Calling ◽  
Gendered Harassment

Gendered harassment, including sexual harassment and homophobic name-calling, is prevalent in adolescents and is linked to negative outcomes including depression, anxiety, suicidality, substance abuse, and personal distress. However, much of the extant literature is cross-sectional and rarely are perpetrators of these behaviors included in studies of outcomes. Therefore, the current study examined the effects of longitudinal changes in gendered harassment perpetration and victimization on changes in mental health outcomes among a large sample of early adolescents. Given that these behaviors commonly occur in the context of a patriarchal society (males hold power), we also investigated the impact of gender on gendered harassment. Participants included 3,549 students from four Midwestern middle schools (50.4% female, 49% African American, 34% White) at two time points (13 and 17 years old). Results indicated that increases from age 13 to 17 years in sexual harassment perpetration and victimization and homophobic name-calling perpetration and victimization predicted increases in depression symptoms and substance use. Gender did not moderate these pathways. These findings highlight that negative outcomes are associated with changes in gendered harassment among adolescents and emphasize the importance of prevention efforts. Implications for school interventions are discussed.

scholarly journals Training Preservice Mental Health Counselors for Suicide Assessment: A Multiple Baseline Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teal Bohrer ◽  
Cass Dykeman
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Multiple Baseline ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Probe Design ◽  
Mental Health Clinicians ◽  
Suicide Assessment ◽  
The Impact

Rates of death by suicide continue to increase across the United States. Mental health clinicians often have contact with individuals expressing suicidal ideation, but research suggests clinicians may not be appropriately prepared to assess a client’s suicide risk. Numerous models and theories explain and assess suicidal ideation. In 2009, Thomas Joiner and his colleagues proposed the interpersonal-psychological theory of suicide (IPT), which focused on three main factors strongly supported by research over the preceding decade. The present study utilized a nonconcurrent, multiple-baseline, multiple-probe design as well as a one-group pretest–posttest design to examine the impact of an IPT-based training model. Participants were preservice mental health clinicians currently enrolled in Master’s degree programs. Participants completed assessments on IPT knowledge and suicide-assessment self-efficacy, and results from this study indicated a significant increase in knowledge after completion of the training, as well as a slight decrease in self-efficacy. This study suggests that suicide-assessment training, even when done remotely, can increase suicide-assessment knowledge. Future research should explore preservice mental health clinicians’ self-efficacy as well as those factors influencing the confidence these professionals feel in their assessments of risk.

scholarly journals 21.L. Workshop: To what extent can we trust our data on trends in mental health among adolescents?

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
Positive Mental Health ◽  
Qualitative Studies ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Psychosomatic Complaints ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Epidemiological Surveys ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Mental health complaints have increased among school-aged children in the Nordic countries, especially among girls according to survey data in the Nordic countries. Moreover, the consumption of mental health services among adolescents has also increased. However, criticism from qualitative researchers have questioned the validity of the response to survey questions and the interpretation of the results. This controversy has been public in the media both in Denmark and Sweden. The objectives of the workshop are to describe trends in mental health among adolescents in the Nordic countries, review criticism of mental health indicators, discuss measurement and analytical options, and consider consequences for policy making. Moreover, the workshop will discuss the situation in other parts of the worlds. Researchers in five Nordic countries have collaborated in the Health Behaviour of School-aged Children (HBSC) study to mental health. School-aged children, 11-, 13- and 15-year olds (n = 112,000) have participated in HBSC surveys. Of key concern are psychosomatic complaints (1985-2018), but trends will also be presented for indicators of excellent self-rated health and high life satisfaction (2002-2018), with additional indicators of positive mental health (Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale, General self-efficacy, Self-esteem) from the 2017/18 HBSC data collection. There has been an increase in the psychosomatic complaints among girls and boys, in all age groups and in the five Nordic countries. Strengths and limitations of epidemiological surveys will be discussed. The impact of different frequency cut points will be presented as well as the heterogeneities regarding profiles of adolescents with different combination of negative and positive mental health indicators. Moreover, qualitative studies and registry-based analysis will be used as contrasting evidence. The qualitative studies on symptom perception indicate that the prevalence of problems may be overestimated, and data from psychiatric care and prescription of drugs show important increase. After an introduction and two presentations the workshop will be a dialogue with the participants. First the core similarities and differences between countries will be explored. Then the policy implications will be discussed. Key messages The HBSC survey design give thousands of adolescents and children across dozens of nations the ability to be heard through a reliable and valid methodology. It is important to use indicators according to their intended use, monitoring of population trends, developing causal networks of determinants, screening of clinical cases or as diagnostic tools.

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