Gender Differences in The Factors associated with Hypertension in Non-Diabetic Saudi Adults—A Cross-Sectional Study

The association between lifestyle practices, obesity and increased BP are under-investigated. We aimed to investigate this association to identify the factors associated with hypertension and prehypertension in Saudis. Non-diabetic adults were recruited from public healthcare centers using a cross-sectional design. Recruits were interviewed using a predesigned questionnaire. Weight, height, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), neck circumference (NC) and BP were measured. The variables were analyzed by comparing the prehypertensive and hypertensive groups with the normotensive group. A total of 1334 adults were included. The study found that 47.2% of men and 24.7% of women were prehypertensive, and 15.1% of men and 14.4% of women were hypertensive. High BMI, WC, NC, and WC: HC ratios were associated with an increased risk of prehypertension and hypertension in men and women. Low physical activity was associated with an increased risk of elevated BP in men, while sleep duration of ≤6 h and sitting for ≥4 h were associated with increased risk in women. Women from central Asia, southeast Asia, and those of mixed origin had a higher prevalence of hypertension compared to those from Arabian tribes. In conclusion, prehypertension and hypertension increase with age and obesity. Gender differences were apparent in the association between several lifestyle practices and prehypertension or hypertension among various ethnic/racial groups.

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Factors Associated with Increased Risk for Clinical Insomnia in Patients with Postherpetic Neuralgia: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

Pain Medicine ◽

10.1093/pm/pnw066 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 17 (10) ◽

pp. 1917-1922 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Dong Hoon Lee ◽

Ji Eun Park ◽

Duck Mi Yoon ◽

Kyung Bong Yoon ◽

Kiwook Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Postherpetic Neuralgia ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Increased Risk

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Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan Dengan Unmet Need KB Pasca-Salin IUD post-placenta di Kamar Rawat Pasca-bersalin RSUP DR. M. Djamil periode Januari-Maret 2013

Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas ◽

10.25077/jka.v2i3.158 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 158

Author(s):

Sari Handayani Utami ◽

Desmiwati Desmiwati2 ◽

Endrinaldi Endrinaldi

Keyword(s):

Post Partum ◽

Unmet Need ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Survey Study ◽

P Value ◽

Significant Relation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

The Subject ◽

Cross Sectional Design

AbstrakWanita pada periode post-partum memiliki angka unmet need terhadap kontrasepsi, padahal ini waktu yang tepat untuk mulai memakai kontrasepsi. Salah satu kontrasepsi pasca-salin terkini yang mulai disosialisasikan adalah IUD post-placenta. Namun demikian, masih belum banyak wanita pasangan usia subur yang menggunakan alat kontrasepsi ini bahkan mengetahuinya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan unmet need KB pasca-salin IUD post-placenta. Jenis penelitian survey dengan desain cross sectional study. Waktu pengambilan data dari 12 Januari sampai dengan 12 Maret 2013. Sampel adalah wanita pasangan usia subur yang melahirkan pervaginam dan dipilih secara accidental sampling. Penelitian dilakukan pada 88 orang responden dengan 50 orang bukan akseptor KB IUD post-placenta dan 38 orang akseptor KB IUD Post-placenta. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner melalui wawancara terpimpin. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor yang memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan unmet need IUD post-placenta adalah faktor pengetahuan (p value = 0,001), sedangkan faktor lain yang tidak memiliki hubungan signifikan adalah faktor pendidikan (p value = 0,222), faktor status ekonomi (p value = 1,000), dan faktor konseling KB (p value = 0,583).Kata kunci: faktor yang berhubungan, unmet need, KB pasca-salin, IUD post-placentaAbstractThe women in post-partum period have unmet need rate to contraception, whereas it’s approriate time to start using contraception. One of recent post-partum contraception method is IUD post-placenta. But, only a few women of fertile age couple use this contraception even has known it. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated to unmet need of post-partum contraception IUD post-placenta. This survey study with cross sectional design study. The data was collected from January 12 until March 12 2013. The subject were women of fertile age couple who give birth per vaginam and selected by accidental sampling. This study had 88 respondents consists of 50 as not IUD Post-placenta acceptors and 38 respondents as IUD post-placenta acceptors. The data collected by using questionnaire through guided interview and analyzed through univariate and bivariate.The result of analysis showed that the factor had significant relation to unmet need of IUD post-placenta is knowledge (p value = 0,001), while another factors did not have significant relation are education level (p value = 0,222), economic level (p value=1,000), and family planning counselling (p value=0,583).Keywords:the relating factors, unmet need, post-partum contraception, IUDpost-placenta

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Gender Differences are Noted in Factors Associated with Insomnia in Older Adult Outpatients: A Cross-Sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-677626/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yu-Ting Peng ◽

Ying-Hsin Hsu ◽

Ming-Yueh Chou ◽

Che-sheng Chu ◽

Chen-San Su ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Gender Differences ◽

Older Adult ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Short Sleep Duration ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Sleeping Pills ◽

Obstructive Sleep

Abstract Background: Insomnia is a common sleep disturbance in older adults and is associated with many poor health outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the relevance of insomnia in older adult outpatients and to analyze differences between genders in factors associated with insomnia.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the outpatient clinics of a tertiary hospital in Southern Taiwan from July to September 2018. A total of 400 consecutive subjects aged 60 years or older were recruited. Insomnia was defined as a score of > 6 points on the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS). Socio-demographics, health behaviors and clinical data were collected by face-to-face interview. Multivariable logistic regression was adopted for statistical analysis of the entire sample and stratified by gender.Results: Participants’ mean age was 74.74 ± 8.54 years, and the majority (93%) had more than one chronic disease. The prevalence of insomnia accounted for 30% (120/400) of all subjects, with males 22.9% (46/201) and females 37.2% (74/199). Gender, appetite, exercise, depressive symptoms, and sleep-related conditions such as short sleep duration, sleeping pills usage, medium-high risk of obstructive sleep apnea(OSA) and restless leg syndrome(RLS) were factors associated with insomnia in older adults. Exercise, sleeping pills usage, and RLS had an independent association with insomnia only in men, while appetite was associated with insomnia in women only.Conclusions: Insomnia is highly prevalent among older adults, predominantly females. Significant differences are found between genders in factors associated with insomnia. Understanding gender differences may help clinicians to modify associated factors when managing older adults with insomnia.

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Attitudes and Intentions toward COVID-19 Vaccination among Spanish Adults: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines9101135 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 1135

Author(s):

Diego Gabriel Mosteiro-Miguéns ◽

Daniel De Bernardo Roca ◽

Eva María Domínguez-Martís ◽

Natalia Vieito-Pérez ◽

Pilar Álvarez-Padín ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Interactions ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Public Healthcare ◽

Healthcare Staff ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Protective Measures ◽

Protection Measures ◽

Effective Measure ◽

Awareness Campaigns ◽

Cross Sectional Design

Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 is postulated as the most effective measure to control the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the use of other protection measures is necessary to efficiently combat the spread of the virus. The aim of the present study was to determine the attitudes and intentions toward COVID-19 vaccination among non-regular social media users in Spain and to analyze how these factors could condition the acceptance of other personal protective measures once an individual has received the COVID-19 vaccine. A cross-sectional design was used in this work. In total, 719 subjects, ≥18 years old and of both sexes, were recruited from primary public healthcare centers to self-complete a questionnaire between March and April 2021. The majority of participants had a positive attitude toward vaccination and showed high levels of intention to be vaccinated. Likewise, except those participants who considered the vaccine to be the most effective measure to fight the COVID-19 pandemic, the rest of the participants highlighted the importance of continuing to limit social interactions and/or wearing masks even after being vaccinated. Since vaccination can create a perception of total immunity against SARS-CoV-2, it is necessary that healthcare staff organize effective awareness campaigns on the importance of maintaining personal protective measures until vaccination coverage is greater.

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Compassion Fatigue and Satisfaction in US Army Laboratory Animal Medicine Personnel

Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science ◽

10.30802/aalas-jaalas-20-000080 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Teresa V Schlanser ◽

Peter M Rabinowitz ◽

Sally Thompson-Iritani

Keyword(s):

Compassion Fatigue ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Animal Research ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Us Army ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Quality Of Life Scale ◽

Research Environments

Compassion fatigue (CF) has been described in various "caring professions," particularly the human medical field. Recently, CF has been identified as a concern in animal care professions, specifically veterinary medicine. Despite the perception that veterinary personnel in animal research are at increased risk of CF, few studies have assessed CF in this population. The cur-rent cross-sectional study aimed to describe the prevalence of both CF and compassion satisfaction (CS) among active-duty veterinary personnel in Department of Defense animal research environments, using the Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL). The ProQOL measures burnout and secondary traumatic stress as representative of compassion fatigue, while also measuring the inverse of CF, or CS. The current study set out to identify factors associated with both CF and CS. Validated scales of measurement were used to assess the frequency of exposures and outcomes of interest, while associations were analyzed using linear regression models. The study found that most survey respondents reported high levels of CS and low levels of BO and STS. Factors associated with higher levels of CF and lower CS included working with NHPs, difficulty working with primary investigators, loneliness, and euthanasia distress. These findings can inform future studies of CF in animal research environments and bolster initiatives to reduce occupational stress by the preventing and mitigating CF.

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Patient delay and associated factors among tuberculosis patients in Gamo zone public health facilities, Southern Ethiopia: An institution-based cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0255327 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (7) ◽

pp. e0255327

Author(s):

Asrat Arja ◽

Wanzahun Godana ◽

Hadiya Hassen ◽

Biruk Bogale

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Facilities ◽

Patient Delay ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Public Healthcare ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Tuberculosis Patients ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Presenting Symptoms

Background Delayed tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment increase morbidity, mortality, expenditure, and transmission in the community. Early diagnosis and initiation of treatment are essential for effective TB control. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to assess the magnitude and factors associated with patient delay among tuberculosis patients in Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia from February to April 2019. Fifteen health facilities of the study area were selected randomly and 255 TB patients who were ≥18 years of age were included. Data were collected using a questionnaire through face-to-face interviews and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Patient delay was analyzed using the median as the cut-off value. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was fitted to identify factors associated with patient delay. A p-value of ≤ 0.05 with 95% CI was considered to declare a statistically significant association. Results The median (inter-quartile range) of the patient delay was 30 (15–60) days. About 56.9% of patients had prolonged patients’ delay. Patient whose first contact were informal provider (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 2.24; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.29, 3.86), presenting with weight loss (AOR: 2.53; 95%CI: 1.35, 4.74) and fatigue (AOR: 2.38; 95%CI: 1.36, 4.17) and body mass index (BMI) categories of underweight (AOR: 1.74; 95%CI: 1.01, 3.00) were independently associated with increased odds of patient delay. However, having good knowledge about TB (AOR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.26, 0.76) significantly reduce patients’ delay. Conclusion In this study, a significant proportion of patients experienced more than the acceptable level for the patient delay. Knowledge about TB, the first action to illness, presenting symptoms, and BMI status were identified factors associated with patient delay. Hence, raising public awareness, regular training, and re-training of private and public healthcare providers, involving informal providers, and maintenance of a high index of suspicion for tuberculosis in the vulnerable population could reduce long delays in the management of TB.

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Gender Differences Related to Spirituality, Coping Skills and Risk Factors of Suicide Attempt: A Cross-Sectional Study of French Adolescent Inpatients

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.537383 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Bojan Mirkovic ◽

Vincent Belloncle ◽

Hugues Pellerin ◽

Jean-Marc Guilé ◽

Priscille Gérardin

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Gender Differences ◽

Coping Skills ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Concern ◽

Individual Risk ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Axis I

Background: Suicide attempts in adolescence represent a major public health concern, since these behaviors are associated with psychosocial burden and an increased risk of suicide. This cross-sectional study aimed to explore possible gender differences related to protective and risk factors in adolescents who have attempted suicide.Methods: Participants were French adolescents hospitalized for attempt suicide in five French pediatric departments. The participants were evaluated on 12 instruments measuring individual risk and protective factors.Results: Our sample included 320 adolescents aged 13–17 years (M = 14.43, SD = 1.29), of whom 82% were female and 35% were repeat attempters. Boys had greater difficulties at school and used more lethal means such as strangulation. We failed to find any differences between the two groups as regards the main Axis I psychiatric diagnoses. Boys tend to use more non-productive coping skills such as tension reduction or wishful thinking and girls use more reference to other strategies such as seeking social support. Although spirituality scores were low overall sample, they were significantly higher among girls.Conclusions: In the end, we find little difference between the two groups in terms of risk factors. However, we have shown gender differences in spirituality and some coping strategies. These results should be taken into consideration when designing suicide prevention programs.

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Factors associated with the development of diabetes mellitus in older caregivers

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0590 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 72 (suppl 2) ◽

pp. 30-35

Author(s):

Ana Carolina Ottaviani ◽

Estefani Serafim Rossetti ◽

Mariélli Terassi ◽

Allan Gustavo Brigola ◽

Bruna Moretti Luchesi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

High Risk ◽

Health Assessment ◽

Family Health ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Poor Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Older Caregivers

ABSTRACT Objective: evaluate the factors associated with the risk of diabetes mellitus in older caregivers. Method: this is a cross-sectional study conducted with 326 older caregivers enrolled in Family Health Units. Data were collected using a sociodemographic characterization questionnaire, clinical and care information, and the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score to assess the risk of developing diabetes. Results: 35.5% of the caregivers presented a high risk of developing diabetes. The factors associated with the risk of developing diabetes were: use of medication (OR = 3.88), satisfactory or poor health assessment (OR = 1.72), and the fact of being female (OR = 0.48). Conclusion: more than one third of older caregivers present high risk of developing diabetes. Therefore, being female, living with other people, using medication, and having a poor health assessment are factors associated with increased risk of developing diabetes.

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Gender and time delays in diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis: a cross-sectional study from China

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268819000049 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 147 ◽

Author(s):

H. G. Chen ◽

T. W. Wang ◽

Q. X. Cheng

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Diagnostic Delay ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Diagnosis Delay ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Short Delay ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk

AbstractGender inequality has severe consequences on public health in terms of delay in diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). In order to explore gender-related differences in diagnosis delay, a cross-sectional study of 10 686 patients diagnosed with PTB in Yulin from 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2014 was conducted. Diagnosis delay was categorised into ‘short delay’ and ‘long delay’ by four commonly used cut-off points of 14, 30, 60 and 90 days. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyse gender differences in diagnostic delay. Stratified analyses by smear results, age, urban/rural were performed to examine whether the effect persisted across the strata. The median delay was 31 days (interquartile range 13–65). Diagnostic delay in females at cut-off points of 14, 30, 60 and 90 days had odds ratios (OR) of 0.99 (95% CI 0.91–1.09), 1.09 (95% CI 1.01–1.18), 1.15 (95% CI 1.05–1.26) and 1.18 (95% CI 1.06–1.31), respectively, compared with males. Stratified analysis showed that females were associated with increased risk of longer delay among those aged 30–60 years, smear positive and living in the rural areas (P < 0.05). The female-to-male OR increased along with increased delay time. Further inquiry into the underlying reasons for gender differences should be urgently addressed to improve the current situation.

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Factors associated with asymptomatic infection in family members and neighbors of patients with visceral leishmaniasis

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0102-311x2012001400009 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 28 (12) ◽

pp. 2306-2314 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Germano Silva Moura ◽

Alcione Miranda dos Santos ◽

Dorlene Maria Cardoso de Aquino ◽

Antônio Augusto Moura da Silva ◽

Arlene de Jesus Mendes Caldas

Keyword(s):

Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Index Case ◽

Family Members ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Asymptomatic Infection ◽

Control Measures ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Increased Risk

This study analyzed factors associated with asymptomatic Leishmania chagasi infection in family members and neighbors of patients with visceral leishmaniasis (VL). A cross-sectional study was conducted with 361 individuals in the counties comprising Ilha de São Luís (São Luís Island) in Maranhão State, Brazil. The Montenegro skin test (MST) and serology by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were performed to detect infection. Odds ratios (OR) and prevalence ratios (PR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated by multilevel logistic regression and Poisson regression, respectively. The rates of positive reactions were 71.3% for MST and 9.7% for ELISA. The variable associated with infection according to MST was living in the same household as the index case (PR = 1.36; 95%CI: 1.03-1.78). According to ELISA, the statistically significant variables were: living in the county of Raposa (OR = 3.56; 95%CI: 1.24-10.19) and living in the same household as the index case (OR = 2.70; 95%CI: 1.19-6.08). Family members of individuals with LV are at increased risk of infection. Priority control measures should target these families.

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