scholarly journals Differences by School Location in Summer and School Monthly Weight Change: Findings from a Nationally Representative Sample

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11610
Author(s):  
Ethan T. Hunt ◽  
Bridget Armstrong ◽  
Brie M. Turner-McGrievy ◽  
Michael W. Beets ◽  
Robert G. Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
White Children ◽  
School Location ◽  
Complex Sampling ◽  
School Year ◽  
Effect Regression ◽  
Complex Sampling Design ◽  
Nationally Representative

Objectives: To examine changes in accelerations of Body Mass Index (BMI), age-and-sex specific body mass index (zBMI), and 95th percentile of BMI (%BMIp95) during the summer months and school year by school location designation (i.e., urban, suburban, exurban). This study utilized the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study Kindergarten Class of 2010–2011. Methods: Of the 18,174 children in the ECLS-K:2011 dataset, I restricted participants to those with at least two consecutive measures that occurred August/September or April/May. Mixed-effect regression analyses estimated differences in monthly change in BMI, zBMI, and %BMIp95 between the summer and school year while accounting for the ECLS-K complex sampling design. Models also examined differences in the magnitude of BMI, zBMI, and %BMIp95 change between the summer and school year by school location. Post-hoc Benjamini–Hochberg (BH) procedure set at 10% false discovery was incorporated to account for multiple comparisons. Results: A total of 1549 children (48% female, 42% White) had at least two consecutive measures that occurred in August/September or April/May. Among all locale classifications (i.e., urban, suburban, and exurban), children from high-income households comprised the largest proportions for each group (31%, 39%, and 37%), respectively. Among urban and suburban locations, Hispanic children comprised the largest proportions for both groups (43% and 44%), respectively. Among exurban locale classifications, White children comprised the largest proportion of children (60%). Children from suburban and exurban schools experienced significantly less accelerations in monthly zBMI gain when compared to their urban counterparts −0.038 (95CI = −0.071, −0.004) and −0.045 (95CI = −0.083, −0.007), respectively. Children from exurban schools experienced significantly less acceleration in monthly %BMIp95 during the summer months when compared to the school year −0.004 (95CI = −0.007, 0.000). Conclusions: This is one of the first studies to examine summer weight gain by school location. Summer appears to impact children more negatively from urban schools when compared to their suburban and exurban counterparts.

Examination of Sleep and Obesity in Children and Adolescents in the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 089011712110291
Author(s):  
Puneet Kaur Chehal ◽  
Livvy Shafer ◽  
Solveig Argeseanu Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The United States ◽  
Weight Category ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Child Height ◽  
Nationally Representative

Purpose: This study contributes to the growing literature on the association between sleep and obesity by examining the associations between hours of sleep, consistency of bedtime, and obesity among children in the US. Design: Analysis of a nationally representative sample of non-institutionalized children from the 2016-17 National Survey of Children’s Health. Setting: US, national. Subjects: Children ages 10-17 years (n = 34,640) Measures: Parent reported weeknight average hours of sleep and consistency of bedtime. Body mass index classified as underweight, normal, overweight or obesity using parent-reported child height and weight information, classified using CDC BMI-for-Age Growth Charts. Analysis: Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate associations between measures of sleep and body mass index weight category adjusting for individual, household and neighborhood characteristics. Results: An additional hour of sleep was associated with 10.8% lower odds of obesity, net of consistency in bedtime. After controlling for sleep duration, children who usually went to bed at the same time on weeknights had lower odds of obesity (24.8%) relative to children who always went to bed at the same time. Conclusion: Sleep duration is predictive of lower odds of obesity in US children and adolescents. Some variability in weeknight bedtime is associated with lower odds of obesity, though there were no additional benefits to extensive variability in bedtime.

scholarly journals Association of Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference with All-Cause Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1289
Author(s):  
Chang Seong Kim ◽  
Kyung-Do Han ◽  
Hong Sang Choi ◽  
Eun Hui Bae ◽  
Seong Kwon Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
National Health Insurance System ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Nationally Representative

In this study based on a large nationally representative sample of Korean adults, we investigated the potential associations of the body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with mortality in patients undergoing hemodialysis. We obtained the data of 18,699 participants >20 years of age who were followed up with for 4 years and for whom BMI and WC information were available, using a nationally representative dataset from the Korean National Health Insurance System. Patients were stratified into five levels by their baseline BMI and into six levels by their WC (5-cm increments). A total of 4975 deaths occurred during a median follow-up period of 48.2 months. Participants with a higher BMI had a lower mortality rate than those with a lower BMI. In a fully adjusted Cox regression analysis, being overweight and obese was associated with a significantly lower relative risk of all-cause mortality relative to the reference group. Conversely, the mortality rate was higher among participants with a high WC than among those with a low WC. Participants with the highest WC had a higher risk of mortality, while those with the lowest WC level had a significantly lower risk of mortality. In conclusion, all-cause mortality was positively associated with WC, a measure of abdominal obesity, and inversely associated with BMI, a measure of body volume, in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

scholarly journals Pre-pregnancy body mass index and breastfeeding initiation, early cessation and longevity: evidence from the first wave of the UK Millennium Cohort Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 1124-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tammy Campbell ◽  
Nichola Shackleton
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Breastfeeding Initiation ◽  
Millennium Cohort Study ◽  
Pregnancy And Delivery ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Uk Millennium Cohort Study ◽  
The Uk

BackgroundInternational evidence indicates relationships between pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and breastfeeding behaviours. This study aims to assess associations between key points in the breastfeeding trajectory (initiation, early cessation and longevity) and pre-pregnancy BMI in a recent, nationally representative British cohort. It also aims to explore in the British context potential moderation by mothers’ ethnic group.MethodsThe sample comprises 17 113 mothers from the UK Millennium Cohort Study who have information on pre-pregnancy BMI. Associations between pre-pregnancy BMI categories and breastfeeding initiation, early cessation and longevity are tested using logistic regression. Directed acyclic graphics identify appropriate minimal adjustment to block biasing pathways and classify total and direct effects.ResultsAfter adjusting for confounders, there are large differences in breastfeeding early cessation and longevity by pre-pregnancy BMI group. Differences in propensity to initiation are negligible. Having begun breastfeeding, overweight and obese mothers are more likely to cease in the first week and less likely to continue past 4 months. Observed potential mediators within pregnancy and delivery provide little explanation for relationships. Evidence for moderation by ethnicity is scant.ConclusionsThe causal mechanisms underlying relationships between pre-pregnancy overweight, obesity, and breastfeeding behaviours require further research. However, this study suggests pre-pregnancy BMI as one predictive measure for targeting support to women less likely to establish breastfeeding in the early days, and to continue beyond 4 months. The nature of support should carefully be considered and developed, with mind to both intended and potential unintended consequences of intervention given the need for additional investigation into the causes of associations.

scholarly journals Characteristics of patients with body mass index recorded within the Kent Integrated Dataset (KID)

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. e000026
Author(s):  
Zara Cuccu ◽  
Gerrard Abi-Aad ◽  
Allison Duggal
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
General Practice ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Serious Mental Illness ◽  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Significant Health ◽  
Representative Samples

BackgroundObesity is a significant health issue and key public health priority. This study explored body mass index (BMI) recording in general practice within the Kent Integrated Dataset.MethodsUsing a sample aged 18–100 years, resident within Kent, who were alive and currently registered to a Kent general practice as of 6 August 2018 within the Kent Integrated Dataset. We identified the latest BMI from event records between 2015/2016 and 2017/2018. Recording was evaluated by sex, age, deprivation, hypertension, serious mental illness and multimorbidity.ResultsBetween 2015/2016 and 2017/2018 using the sample of 1 154 652 persons, BMI was recorded for 43.7% of the sample. Multiple logistic regression showed that BMI recording was higher in females, the middle age bands, persons living in the most deprived areas and within persons who were hypertensive, had serious mental illness or were multimorbid.ConclusionsFindings were aligned to previous research using nationally representative samples. Completeness of recording varied by age, sex, deprivation and comorbidity. Recording within general practice was aligned to chronic disease management. From a prevention perspective, earlier assessment and intervention for the management of excess weight within primary care may be an opportunity for avoiding increases in BMI trajectory. There may also be merit in recognising that the external disease agents that influence obesity can be controlled or reduced (obesogenic environment) from a national policy perspective. Such a perspective may also help reduce stigmatisation and the pressure around arguments that centre on personal responsibility for obesity.

scholarly journals The association of variants in the FTO gene with longitudinal body mass index profiles in non-Hispanic white children and adolescents

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
D M Hallman ◽  
V C Friedel ◽  
M A H Eissa ◽  
E Boerwinkle ◽  
J C Huber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fto Gene ◽  
White Children ◽  
Hispanic White

Cognitive Decline, Body Mass Index, and Waist Circumference in Community-Dwelling Elderly Participants

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Mario Rodríguez-Fernández ◽  
Emily Danies ◽  
José Martínez-Ortega ◽  
William C. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Reduced Risk

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the association of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and BMI and WC changes over time with cognitive decline in a nationally representative sample. Methods: A total of 5239 participants (≥65 years) were followed for 3 years as part of the National Health and Aging Trends Study. Cox proportional hazard regression was applied to model the risk of cognitive decline. Results: BMI, after adjusting for WC and main confounders, was associated with reduced risk of cognitive decline (hazard ratio [HR] 0.97 for each unit BMI increase, 0.95-0.99). After stratifying by gender and age, this effect remained significant among females and young elders ≤80 years. A BMI decrease and WC increase >10% over the study period were associated with increased risk of cognitive decline (HR 1.98, 1.16-3.38; HR 1.30, 1.04-1.62, respectively). Conclusion: In the elderly individuals, lean mass, as measured by BMI adjusted for WC, was associated with reduced risk of cognitive decline. Loss of lean mass and gain of fat mass, as measured by WC adjusted for BMI, were associated with elevated risk of cognitive decline.

Predicting tissue plasminogen activator use and success in in-center hemodialysis patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-152
Author(s):  
Sarah Daisy Kosa ◽  
Chenglin Ye ◽  
Lehana Thabane ◽  
Amiram Gafni ◽  
Charmaine E. Lok
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Catheter Malfunction ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen

Introduction: Hemodialysis catheter malfunction is problematic. We aimed to determine clinical, catheter, and hemodialysis variables that predict: (i) catheter malfunction requiring recombinant tissue-plasminogen activator (TPA) treatment and (ii) the success of TPA administration. Methods: Clinical, catheter, and hemodialysis variables were collected from a cohort of 559 catheters (141,526 catheter days) in 175 hemodialysis patients (2008-2011). Time to, and predictors of, catheter malfunction were determined for all catheters and primary catheters only, analyzed by Cox-proportional hazard model, multi-variable logistic regression model, and mixed-effect logistic regression models. Success of TPA use was determined immediately, next day, and two weeks after use. Results: Shorter time to first TPA administration in all patient’s catheters was associated with increased body mass index (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.06, 1.01-1.11, p = 0.03) and being of black race (HR = 3.05, 1.65-5.67, p<0.01). Primary TPA administration success at two weeks among primary catheters was associated with increased mean peak venous pressure before TPA administration (odds ratio [OR] = 1.03, 1.01-1.06, p<0.01) and decreased mean of the lowest systolic blood pressure measure for the three dialysis sessions prior to TPA administration (OR = 0.95, 0.91-0.99, p = 0.02). TPA administration success at two weeks among all catheters was associated with decreasing body mass index (OR = 0.84, CI 0.73-0.96, p = 0.01) and having diabetes (OR = 7.19, 1.40-36.81, p = 0.02). Conclusions: Both patient and dialysis predictors of TPA use and success were identified in this study, which may be useful for fine-tuning catheter management protocols to target hemodialysis patients at high risk of catheter malfunction.

Injury Patterns by Body Mass Index in US High School Athletes

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Yard ◽  
Dawn Comstock
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Knee Injuries ◽  
Sports Injury ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
High School Athletes ◽  
Injury Patterns ◽  
Nationally Representative

Background:There are over 7 million US high school athletes and one-third are overweight or obese. Our objective was to examine injury patterns by body mass index (BMI) in high school athletes.Methods:Certified athletic trainers (ATCs) at 100 nationally representative US high schools submitted exposure and injury information during the 2005 to 08 school years via High School RIO (Reporting Information Online). We retrospectively categorized injured athletes as underweight (≤15th percentile), normal weight (15th−85th percentile), overweight (85th−95th percentile), or obese (≥95th percentile).Results:ATCs reported 13,881 injuries during 5,627,921 athlete-exposures (2.47 injuries per 1000 athlete-exposures). Nearly two-thirds (61.4%) of injured high school athletes were normal weight. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was highest among injured football athletes (54.4%). Compared with normal weight athletes, obese athletes sustained a larger proportion of knee injuries (Injury Proportion Ratio [IPR] = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.14 to 1.42) and their injuries were more likely to have resulted from contact with another person (IPR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.26 to 1.37). Compared with normal weight athletes, underweight athletes sustained a larger proportion of fractures (IPR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.10 to 1.92) and a larger proportion of injuries resulting from illegal activity (IPR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.03 to 2.46).Conclusions:Injury patterns differ by BMI. BMI-targeted preventive interventions should be developed to help decrease sports injury rates.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document