scholarly journals Industrial Co-Agglomeration and Air Pollution Reduction: An Empirical Evidence Based on Provincial Panel Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 12097
Author(s):  
Rulong Zhuang ◽  
Kena Mi ◽  
Zhangwei Feng
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Central China ◽  
Western China ◽  
Pollution Reduction ◽  
Producer Services ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Impact

Industrial co-agglomeration plays a significant role in the moving up of the manufacturing industry in the value chain and in transforming China from a manufacturing giant into a world manufacturing power. This study establishes a co-aggregation index to explore spatio-temporal changes of the co-agglomeration between manufacturing and producer services in 30 provinces of China from 2004 to 2019. Furthermore, we use spatial Durbin model to analyze the impact of industrial co-agglomeration on air pollution reduction. We find that (1) the co-agglomeration index varies remarkably at spatio-temporal scale; (2) high co-agglomeration index is mainly distributed in eastern and central China, while low co-agglomeration index is mainly located in the western region; (3) the co-agglomeration index presents a cluster pattern among provinces, with the cluster of high value in eastern China and the cluster of low value in western China; and (4) the co-agglomeration between manufacturing and producer services is proven effetely to reduce air pollution, which is accompanied with spatial spillover effect. We also provided policy implications in line with diverse industries, multi hierarchies, and different regions, promoting the coordination of manufacturing and producer services and improving air quality.

scholarly journals Does Mobile Phone Penetration Affect Divorce Rate? Evidence from China

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaping Zhang ◽  
Mingwang Cheng ◽  
Xinyu Wei ◽  
Xiaomei Gong
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Divorce Rate ◽  
Central China ◽  
Western China ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Lag Times ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

Marital happiness is an important symbol of social harmony and can help promote sustainable economic and social development. In recent years, the rapid rise of the divorce rate in China, a country where the divorce rate had previously been low, has attracted wide attention. However, few articles have focused on the popularization of information and communication technology's impact on China’s rising divorce rate in recent years. As a first attempt, the provincial panel data during the period 2001–2016 is applied to study quantitatively the relationship between mobile phone penetration and the divorce rate. In order to get more reliable estimation results, this paper uses two indicators to measure the divorce rate, and quantile regression is applied for further analysis. Additionally, one-year to five-year lag times of the mobile phone penetration are used as the core explanatory variables in order to analyse the lagging effect of mobile phone penetration on divorce rate. The result shows that the correlation between the mobile phone penetration and the divorce rate was statistically positive significant in China during the period 2001–2016. Furthermore, the paper also finds that mobile phone penetration had the greatest impact on divorce rate in central China, followed by eastern China, but it was not obvious in western China during this period. From a technological perspective, this paper provides some possible explanations for the rising divorce rate in China in recent years, and further enriches the relevant research on the impact of the development of information and communication technology on societal changes.

scholarly journals Spatio-Temporal Variation of Gender-Specific Hypertension Risk: Evidence from China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (22) ◽  
pp. 4545
Author(s):  
Xu ◽  
Jiang ◽  
Lairson
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Central China ◽  
Western China ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Temporal Models ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Risk Pattern

Previous studies which have shown the existence of gender disparities in hypertension risks often failed to take into account the participants’ spatial and temporal information. In this study, we explored the spatio-temporal variation for gender-specific hypertension risks in not only single-disease settings but also multiple-disease settings. From the longitudinal data of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), 70,374 records of 21,006 individuals aged 12 years and over were selected for this study. Bayesian B-spline techniques along with the Besag, York, and Mollie (BYM) model and the Shared Component Model (SCM) model were then used to construct the spatio-temporal models. Our study found that the prevalence of hypertension in China increased from 11.7% to 34.5% during 1991 and 2015, with a higher rate in males than that in females. Moreover, hypertension was found mainly clustered in spatially adjacent regions, with a significant high-risk pattern in Eastern and Central China while a low-risk pattern in Western China, especially for males. The spatio-temporal variation of hypertension risks was associated with regional covariates, such as age, overweight, alcohol consumption, and smoking, with similar effects of age shared by both genders whereas gender-specific effects for other covariates. Thus, gender-specific hypertension prevention and control should be emphasized in the future in China, especially for the elderly population, overweight population, and females with a history of alcohol consumption and smoking who live in Eastern China and Central China.

scholarly journals Impact of the municipal merger on watershed management: a study of Lake Kasumigaura, Japan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Mizunoya ◽  
Noriko Nozaki ◽  
Rajeev Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Watershed Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Pollution Reduction ◽  
Lake Kasumigaura ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn the early 2000s, Japan instituted the Great Heisei Consolidation, a national strategy to promote large-scale municipal mergers. This study analyzes the impact that this strategy could have on watershed management. We select the Lake Kasumigaura Basin, the second largest lake in Japan, for the case study and construct a dynamic expanded input–output model to simulate the ecological system around the Lake, the socio-environmental changes over the period, and their mutual dependency for the period 2012–2020. In the model, we regulate and control the following water pollutants: total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and chemical oxygen demand. The results show that a trade-off between economic activity and the environment can be avoided within a specific range of pollution reduction, given that the prefectural government implements optimal water environment policies, assuming that other factors constraining economic growth exist. Additionally, municipal mergers are found to significantly reduce the budget required to improve the water environment, but merger budget efficiency varies nonlinearly with the reduction rate. Furthermore, despite the increase in financial efficiency from the merger, the efficiency of installing domestic wastewater treatment systems decreases drastically beyond a certain pollution reduction level and eventually reaches a limit. Further reductions require direct regulatory instruments in addition to economic policies, along with limiting the output of each industry. Most studies on municipal mergers apply a political, administrative, or financial perspective; few evaluate the quantitative impact of municipal mergers on the environment and environmental policy implications. This study addresses these gaps.

scholarly journals Regional Green Development and Spatial Evolution in China: Abiding by Theory of Dissipative Structure

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 04008
Author(s):  
Fumin Deng ◽  
Hui Zhu ◽  
Xuedong Liang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Dissipative Structure ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Indicator System ◽  
Entropy Method ◽  
Central China ◽  
Western China ◽  
Brusselator Model ◽  
Energy Factors ◽  
Green Development

Regional green development can commendably abide by the theory of dissipative structure. The relative dissipative characteristics taken on by regional development are analyzed, in which the energy factors and resources factors are incorporated into the green economic development and green environment support subsystems (2GE system) in line with the definite input characteristics. A more representative indicator system is established, with positive and negative entropy indexes involved. As Brusselator model and information entropy method are employed to calculate the data of 30 China’s provinces from 2008 to 2015, the findings bespeak that green development in China lays particular stress on green economic development assuming higher environment pressure and cost. The development among various regions is getting progressively and evidently different, which is manifested as potent economic base and abundant natural resources in the Eastern China; the backward green economic development and the progress of green environment in Central China; the pursuit of green economic development at the expense of the green environment in Western China and Northeastern China.

scholarly journals Simulated coordinated impacts of the previous autumn North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and winter El Niño on winter aerosol concentrations over eastern China

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (16) ◽  
pp. 10787-10800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Feng ◽  
Jianping Li ◽  
Hong Liao ◽  
Jianlei Zhu
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
South China ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Central China ◽  
Boreal Winter ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Previous Autumn

Abstract. The high aerosol concentration (AC) over eastern China has attracted attention from both science and society. Based on the simulations of a chemical transport model using a fixed emissions level, the possible impact of the previous autumn North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) combined with the simultaneous El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on the boreal winter AC over eastern China is investigated. We find that the NAO only manifests its negative impacts on the AC during its negative phase over central China, and a significant positive influence on the distribution of AC is observed over south China only during the warm events of ENSO. The impact of the previous NAO on the AC occurs via an anomalous sea surface temperature tripole pattern by which a teleconnection wave train is induced that results in anomalous convergence over central China. In contrast, the occurrence of ENSO events may induce an anomalous shift in the western Pacific subtropical high and result in anomalous southwesterlies over south China. The anomalous circulations associated with a negative NAO and El Niño are not favorable for the transport of AC and correspond to worsening air conditions over central and south China. The results highlight the fact that the combined effects of tropical and extratropical systems play a considerable role in affecting the boreal winter AC over eastern China.

scholarly journals Compound Droughts and Heat Waves in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Ye ◽  
Ke Shi ◽  
Zhuohang Xin ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
Chi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Wave ◽  
North China ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Central China ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Increasing Trends ◽  
Climate Events ◽  
The Impact

Droughts and heat waves both are natural extreme climate events occurring in most parts of the world. To understand the spatio-temporal characteristics of droughts and heat waves in China, we examine changes in droughts, heat waves, and the compound of both during 1961–2017 based on high resolution gridded monthly sc_PDSI and daily temperature data. Results show that North China and Northwest China are the two regions that experience the most frequent droughts, while Central China is the least drought-affected region. Significant drought decreasing trends were mostly observed Qinghai, Xinjiang, and Tibet provinces, while the belt region between Yunnan and Heilongjiang provinces experienced significant drought increasing trends. Heat waves occur more frequently than droughts, and the increase of heat wave occurrence is also more obvious. The increasing of heat wave occurrence since the 2000s has been unprecedented. The compound droughts and heat waves were mild from the 1960s to 1980s, and began to increase in 1990s. Furthermore, the significant increasing trends of the percentage of compound droughts and heat waves to droughts are observed in entire China, and more than 90% drought occurrences are accompanied by one or more heat waves in the 2010s. The results highlight the increased percentage of compound droughts and heat waves and call for improved efforts on assessing the impact of compound extremes, especially in an era of changing climate.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Impact of Land-Use Distribution on PM2.5 in Weifang: Seasonal Variations

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 5135
Author(s):  
Chengming Li ◽  
Kuo Zhang ◽  
Zhaoxin Dai ◽  
Zhaoting Ma ◽  
Xiaoli Liu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Nonlinear Effects ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Boosted Regression Tree ◽  
Construction Land ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Effects Of Land Use

As air pollution becomes highly focused in China, the accurate identification of its influencing factors is critical for achieving effective control and targeted environmental governance. Land-use distribution is one of the key factors affecting air quality, and research on the impact of land-use distribution on air pollution has drawn wide attention. However, considerable studies have mostly used linear regression models, which fail to capture the nonlinear effects of land-use distribution on PM2.5 (fine particulate matter with a diameter less than or equal to 2.5 microns) and to show how impacts on PM2.5 vary with land-use magnitudes. In addition, related studies have generally focused on annual analyses, ignoring the seasonal variability of the impact of land-use distribution on PM2.5, thus leading to possible estimation biases for PM2.5. This study was designed to address these issues and assess the impacts of land-use distribution on PM2.5 in Weifang, China. A machine learning statistical model, the boosted regression tree (BRT), was applied to measure nonlinear effects of land-use distribution on PM2.5, capture how land-use magnitude impacts PM2.5 across different seasons, and explore the policy implications for urban planning. The main conclusions are that the air quality will significantly improve with an increase in grassland and forest area, especially below 8% and 20%, respectively. When the distribution of construction land is greater than around 10%, the PM2.5 pollution can be seriously substantially increased with the increment of their areas. The impact of gardens and farmland presents seasonal characteristics. It is noted that as the weather becomes colder, the inhibitory effect of vegetation distribution on the PM2.5 concentration gradually decreases, while the positive impacts of artificial surface distributions, such as construction land and roads, are aggravated because leaves drop off in autumn (September–November) and winter (December–February). According to the findings of this study, it is recommended that Weifang should strengthen pollution control in winter, for instance, expand the coverage areas of evergreen vegetation like Pinus bungeana Zucc. and Euonymus japonicus Thunb, and increase the width and numbers of branches connecting different main roads. The findings also provide quantitative and optimal land-use planning and strategies to minimize PM2.5 pollution, referring to the status of regional urbanization and greening construction.

scholarly journals Occurrence and source apportionment of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in the atmosphere in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (22) ◽  
pp. 14107-14117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deming Han ◽  
Yingge Ma ◽  
Cheng Huang ◽  
Xufeng Zhang ◽  
Hao Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Products ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Central China ◽  
Western China ◽  
Perfluoroalkyl Acids ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Pmf Model ◽  
Air Sampler

Abstract. Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are a form of toxic pollutant that can be transported across the globe and accumulated in the bodies of wildlife and humans. A nationwide geographical investigation considering atmospheric PFAAs via a passive air sampler (PAS) based on XAD (a styrene–divinylbenzene copolymer) was conducted in 23 different provinces/municipalities/autonomous regions in China, which provides an excellent chance to investigate their occurrences, spatial trends, and potential sources. The total atmospheric concentrations of 13 PFAAs (n=268) were 6.19–292.57 pg m−3, with an average value of 39.84±28.08 pg m−3, which were higher than other urban levels but lower than point source measurements. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was the dominant PFAA (20.6 %), followed by perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), and perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFPeA). An increasing seasonal trend of PFAA concentrations was shown as summer < autumn < spring < winter, which may be initiated by stagnant meteorological conditions. Spatially, the content of PFAAs displayed a declining gradient trend of central China > northern China > eastern China > north-eastern China > south-western China > north-western China > southern China, and Henan contributed the largest proportion of PFAAs. Four sources of PFAAs were identified using a positive matrix factorization (PMF) model, including PFOS-based products (26.1 %), products based on PFOA and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA; 36.6 %), degradation products of fluorotelomer-based products (15.5 %), and an unknown source (21.8 %).

Initial public offerings and air pollution: evidence from China

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Luo ◽  
Xiaolin Qian ◽  
Jinjuan Ren
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Initial Public Offerings ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Public Offerings ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of firms’ financing activities on the environment. Faced with a deteriorating global environment, both corporations and regulatory bodies have become more responsive to environmental conservation problems. However, existing literature has not adequately addressed the question of whether and how firms’ business activities influence the environment. Design/methodology/approach – Using the daily air pollution indices of 120 Chinese cities from 2001 to 2012, this study found that air pollution is alleviated after firms’ initial public offerings (IPOs). This paper proposes that firms’ IPOs influence the ambient air pollution through three channels: production scale, technical reform and corporate governance effects. Findings – The authors of this study found that the proceeds acquired in IPOs result in enlarged production scales that increase pollution, while the investment of these proceeds in social responsibility-related technical reform and enhanced corporate governance reduce pollution. Moreover, the authors discover that firms with a higher state ownership emit fewer pollutants, thus supporting the positive monitoring role of the Chinese government. Originality/value – Although this study investigates the impact of IPOs on air quality in China, the proposed analytical framework also applies to studies of other financing activities in global markets. This study has important policy implications for government regulations in environmental controls.

scholarly journals Dimethachlon Resistance in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in China

Plant Disease ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
pp. 1221-1226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Zhou ◽  
Xiao-Lei Zhang ◽  
Jin-Li Li ◽  
Fu-Xing Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Gansu Province ◽  
Central China ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Western China ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Soybean Plants

The dicarboximide fungicide dimethachlon has been widely used for controlling Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in China for more than a decade. To assess the current status of dimethachlon resistance in S. sclerotiorum in China, 2,424 isolates were collected from disease-infected oilseed rape and soybean plants in five provinces of China in 2011 and 2012, and dimethachlon resistance was monitored by mycelial growth inhibition method on potato dextrose agar (PDA) media. Dimethachlon at 5 μg/ml was used as a discriminatory dose to detect resistance in all isolates, and 50% effective concentration values were determined for all dimethachlon-resistant isolates and some sensitive isolates. No dimethachlon resistance was detected in isolates from Anhui province (eastern China), Gansu province (northwestern China), and Qinghai province (western China). In Hunan province (central China), 3 of 268 (1.12%) isolates collected from oilseed rape plants in 2012 were resistant to dimethachlon, and the resistance ratios for the three resistant isolates were 4.56, 32.70, and 105.53, respectively. In Heilongjiang province (northeastern China), 8 of 243 (3.29%) isolates collected from soybean plants in 2011 were resistant to dimethachlon, with resistance ratios of 5.57 to 94.80; 11 of 409 (2.69%) isolates collected in 2012 were resistant to dimethachlon, with resistance ratios of 3.21 to 9.69. Cross-resistance studies showed that there was positive cross-resistance between dimethachlon and iprodione, procymidone, and the N-phenyl carbamate fungicide diethofencarb. No cross-resistance was found between dimethachlon and carbendazim, tebuconazole, kresoxim-methyl, thiram, and boscalid. Compared with the sensitive isolates of S. sclerotiorum, the field-dimethachlon-resistant isolates were more sensitive to osmotic pressure, grew more slowly on PDA media, and were less pathogenic on leaves of oilseed rape.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document