scholarly journals Regional Green Development and Spatial Evolution in China: Abiding by Theory of Dissipative Structure

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 04008
Author(s):  
Fumin Deng ◽  
Hui Zhu ◽  
Xuedong Liang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Dissipative Structure ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Indicator System ◽  
Entropy Method ◽  
Central China ◽  
Western China ◽  
Brusselator Model ◽  
Energy Factors ◽  
Green Development

Regional green development can commendably abide by the theory of dissipative structure. The relative dissipative characteristics taken on by regional development are analyzed, in which the energy factors and resources factors are incorporated into the green economic development and green environment support subsystems (2GE system) in line with the definite input characteristics. A more representative indicator system is established, with positive and negative entropy indexes involved. As Brusselator model and information entropy method are employed to calculate the data of 30 China’s provinces from 2008 to 2015, the findings bespeak that green development in China lays particular stress on green economic development assuming higher environment pressure and cost. The development among various regions is getting progressively and evidently different, which is manifested as potent economic base and abundant natural resources in the Eastern China; the backward green economic development and the progress of green environment in Central China; the pursuit of green economic development at the expense of the green environment in Western China and Northeastern China.

scholarly journals Does Mobile Phone Penetration Affect Divorce Rate? Evidence from China

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaping Zhang ◽  
Mingwang Cheng ◽  
Xinyu Wei ◽  
Xiaomei Gong
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Divorce Rate ◽  
Central China ◽  
Western China ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Lag Times ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

Marital happiness is an important symbol of social harmony and can help promote sustainable economic and social development. In recent years, the rapid rise of the divorce rate in China, a country where the divorce rate had previously been low, has attracted wide attention. However, few articles have focused on the popularization of information and communication technology's impact on China’s rising divorce rate in recent years. As a first attempt, the provincial panel data during the period 2001–2016 is applied to study quantitatively the relationship between mobile phone penetration and the divorce rate. In order to get more reliable estimation results, this paper uses two indicators to measure the divorce rate, and quantile regression is applied for further analysis. Additionally, one-year to five-year lag times of the mobile phone penetration are used as the core explanatory variables in order to analyse the lagging effect of mobile phone penetration on divorce rate. The result shows that the correlation between the mobile phone penetration and the divorce rate was statistically positive significant in China during the period 2001–2016. Furthermore, the paper also finds that mobile phone penetration had the greatest impact on divorce rate in central China, followed by eastern China, but it was not obvious in western China during this period. From a technological perspective, this paper provides some possible explanations for the rising divorce rate in China in recent years, and further enriches the relevant research on the impact of the development of information and communication technology on societal changes.

scholarly journals Internet Public Opinion Diffusion Mechanism in Public Health Emergencies: Based on Entropy Flow Analysis and Dissipative Structure Determination

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanlian Li ◽  
Feng Zeng ◽  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Zhishao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Dissipative Structure ◽  
Trigger Point ◽  
Diffusion Mechanism ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Entropy Method ◽  
Entropy Flow ◽  
Brusselator Model ◽  
The Government

As an empirical case, this study selected the illegal production process incidents of rabies and DPT (Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus) vaccines by Changchun Longevity Biotechnology Co., Ltd., which occurred in July 2018. Based on the four factors involved in the spread of public opinion, the public health emergency, netizen, network media, and government, Brusselator model, and entropy method were applied to calculate the positive and negative entropy—to verify whether the Internet public opinion system is a dissipative structure. This study verified four evolution mechanisms in Internet public opinion diffusion, among which the trigger point of entropy-control occurred in the germination mechanism, the entropy-controlled disposal point occurred in the outbreak and fluctuating mechanism, and then became latency in the elimination mechanism. It provides a theoretical reference for the government to judge the stage of such diffusion and improve the governance ability of the opinion mentioned above.

scholarly journals Occurrence and source apportionment of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in the atmosphere in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (22) ◽  
pp. 14107-14117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deming Han ◽  
Yingge Ma ◽  
Cheng Huang ◽  
Xufeng Zhang ◽  
Hao Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Products ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Central China ◽  
Western China ◽  
Perfluoroalkyl Acids ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Pmf Model ◽  
Air Sampler

Abstract. Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are a form of toxic pollutant that can be transported across the globe and accumulated in the bodies of wildlife and humans. A nationwide geographical investigation considering atmospheric PFAAs via a passive air sampler (PAS) based on XAD (a styrene–divinylbenzene copolymer) was conducted in 23 different provinces/municipalities/autonomous regions in China, which provides an excellent chance to investigate their occurrences, spatial trends, and potential sources. The total atmospheric concentrations of 13 PFAAs (n=268) were 6.19–292.57 pg m−3, with an average value of 39.84±28.08 pg m−3, which were higher than other urban levels but lower than point source measurements. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was the dominant PFAA (20.6 %), followed by perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), and perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFPeA). An increasing seasonal trend of PFAA concentrations was shown as summer < autumn < spring < winter, which may be initiated by stagnant meteorological conditions. Spatially, the content of PFAAs displayed a declining gradient trend of central China > northern China > eastern China > north-eastern China > south-western China > north-western China > southern China, and Henan contributed the largest proportion of PFAAs. Four sources of PFAAs were identified using a positive matrix factorization (PMF) model, including PFOS-based products (26.1 %), products based on PFOA and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA; 36.6 %), degradation products of fluorotelomer-based products (15.5 %), and an unknown source (21.8 %).

scholarly journals An Empirical Study of the Measurement of Spatial-Temporal Patterns and Obstacles in the Green Development of Northeast China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 10190
Author(s):  
Yongsheng Sun ◽  
Lianjun Tong ◽  
Daqian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Indicator System ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Level Indicator ◽  
Development Level ◽  
Green Development ◽  
Resource Endowment ◽  
Development Levels

Green development is not only important for realizing a sustainable development strategy, but also a key approach for constructing an ecological civilization and transforming economic development. On the basis the development concept of a coordinated human–earth relationship and the paradigm of the process–pattern mechanism, this research adopted the drivers, pressures, state, impact, and response (DPSIR) model to build a green development level indicator system. The established indicator system is then applied to explore the spatial-temporal patterns and obstacles in the green development of 34 prefectural cities in Northeast China from 2008 to 2017 by the use of the entropy weight TOPSIS model, the obstacle model and the GIS spatial visualization method. There are three main findings. First, during the research period, the spatial evolution of the green development level of cities in Northeast China has gradually shifted from a small gap at an overall low level to a large gap at an overall high level; the spatial pattern of the green development level in these cities is characterized by a decrease from north to south and obvious spatial agglomeration effects. Second, specific findings in this research fail to indicate that the correlation between the economic development level and green development level of cities in Northeast China is entirely positive. That is, cities with higher economic development levels do not necessarily have higher green development levels, while some cities with lower economic development levels did present higher green development levels, which may be related to each region’s resources and environmental carrying capacity. Third, the mechanisms influencing spatial-temporal variation in the green development level of cities in Northeast China are not identical. Among them, resource endowment conditions, economic development status and government investment scale are playing a vital role in changes in the regional green development level, and they are also behind the diverse evolutionary characteristics presented in the different stages of regional green development. For the cities in Northeast China, in the process of promoting green development and to consolidate their existing green development level, efforts should be made to overcome inefficiencies in socioeconomic growth and to continuously enhance ecological protection and environmental governance. Moreover, it is essential to promote incremental increases in the green development level on the basis of the local conditions through the ingestion, absorption and combination of each city’s own characteristics with lessons from the successful experience of different types of cities. In the future, our research should fully consider the role of urbanization, industrial structure, population density, institutional mechanisms, environmental protection supervision, scientific and technological progress and other factors on the green development level in Northeast China and seek an important entry point to achieve regional human–earth coordination.

scholarly journals Dimethachlon Resistance in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in China

Plant Disease ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
pp. 1221-1226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Zhou ◽  
Xiao-Lei Zhang ◽  
Jin-Li Li ◽  
Fu-Xing Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Gansu Province ◽  
Central China ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Western China ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Soybean Plants

The dicarboximide fungicide dimethachlon has been widely used for controlling Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in China for more than a decade. To assess the current status of dimethachlon resistance in S. sclerotiorum in China, 2,424 isolates were collected from disease-infected oilseed rape and soybean plants in five provinces of China in 2011 and 2012, and dimethachlon resistance was monitored by mycelial growth inhibition method on potato dextrose agar (PDA) media. Dimethachlon at 5 μg/ml was used as a discriminatory dose to detect resistance in all isolates, and 50% effective concentration values were determined for all dimethachlon-resistant isolates and some sensitive isolates. No dimethachlon resistance was detected in isolates from Anhui province (eastern China), Gansu province (northwestern China), and Qinghai province (western China). In Hunan province (central China), 3 of 268 (1.12%) isolates collected from oilseed rape plants in 2012 were resistant to dimethachlon, and the resistance ratios for the three resistant isolates were 4.56, 32.70, and 105.53, respectively. In Heilongjiang province (northeastern China), 8 of 243 (3.29%) isolates collected from soybean plants in 2011 were resistant to dimethachlon, with resistance ratios of 5.57 to 94.80; 11 of 409 (2.69%) isolates collected in 2012 were resistant to dimethachlon, with resistance ratios of 3.21 to 9.69. Cross-resistance studies showed that there was positive cross-resistance between dimethachlon and iprodione, procymidone, and the N-phenyl carbamate fungicide diethofencarb. No cross-resistance was found between dimethachlon and carbendazim, tebuconazole, kresoxim-methyl, thiram, and boscalid. Compared with the sensitive isolates of S. sclerotiorum, the field-dimethachlon-resistant isolates were more sensitive to osmotic pressure, grew more slowly on PDA media, and were less pathogenic on leaves of oilseed rape.

scholarly journals Patterns and trends of high-impact weather in China during 1959–2014

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 855-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Shi ◽  
Kangmin Wen ◽  
Linli Cui
Keyword(s):  
Southern China ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Northeastern China ◽  
Central China ◽  
Western China ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
High Impact Weather

Abstract. The spatial and temporal characteristics of the frequencies of four types of high-impact weather (HIW), i.e. snowfall, thunderstorms, fog and hailstorms, were analysed in China during 1959–2014. Results indicate a significant decrease in the number of snowfall days, thunderstorm days and thunderstorm spells in all six regions of China, with regional decreasing rates of 0.1–3.4 days, 1.6–5.1 days and 0.23–0.77 times per decade respectively. The number of foggy days, hailstorm days and snowfall spells decreased at rates of 0.2–1.8 days, 0.1–0.7 days and 0.14–0.44 times per decade respectively in almost all regions and fog and hailstorm spells decreased at rates of 0.06–0.17 and 0.001–0.043 times per decade respectively in most regions of China. Spatially, there was more snowfall in northeastern China and western China, and more thunderstorms in southern China and southwestern China. The number of fog events was larger in some high mountain stations, eastern China and central China. Hailstorms were concentrated on Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. Over the past 56 years, snowfall days, thunderstorm days and thunderstorm spells decreased in most parts of China, and hailstorm days decreased in northeastern China, most parts of northern China and Tibet, southern Qinghai and western Sichuan. The spatial trends of foggy days, foggy spells, snowfall spells and hailstorm spells were not significant in most parts of China. With global warming, some types of HIW are likely to increase in their intensities, so more mitigation and adaptation strategies are still essential for local government and the public in China.

scholarly journals Employing Genome-Wide SNP Discovery to Characterize the Genetic Diversity in Cinnamomum camphora Using Genotyping by Sequencing

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1511
Author(s):  
Xue Gong ◽  
Aihong Yang ◽  
Zhaoxiang Wu ◽  
Caihui Chen ◽  
Huihu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Japanese Population ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Genotyping By Sequencing ◽  
Central China ◽  
Western China ◽  
Cinnamomum Camphora ◽  
Ecological Value ◽  
Genome Wide

Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J.Presl is a representative tree species of evergreen broad-leafed forests in East Asia and has exceptionally high economic, ornamental, and ecological value. However, the excessive exploitation and utilization of C. camphora trees have resulted in the shrinking of wild population sizes and rare germplasm resources. In this study, we characterized 171 C. camphora trees from 39 natural populations distributed throughout the whole of China and one Japanese population. We investigated genetic diversity and population structure using genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) identified by genotyping by sequencing (GBS) technology. The results showed the genetic diversity of the C. camphora populations from western China > central China > eastern China. Moreover, the Japanese population showed the highest diversity among all populations. The molecular variance analysis showed 92.03% of the genetic variation within populations. The average pairwise FST was 0.099, and gene flow Nm was 2.718, suggesting a low genetic differentiation among populations. Based on the genetic clustering analysis, the 40 C. camphora populations clustered into three major groups: Western China, Central China, and Eastern China + Japan. Eastern China’s population had the closest genetic relationship with the Japanese population, suggesting possible gene exchange between the two adjacent areas. This study furthers our understanding of the genetic diversity and genetic structure of C. camphora in East Asia and provides genetic tools for developing strategies of C. camphora germplasm utilization.

Impact of Economic Development Levels and Disaster Types on the Short-Term Macroeconomic Consequences of Natural Hazard-Induced Disasters in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rumei Tang ◽  
Jidong Wu ◽  
Mengqi Ye ◽  
Wenhui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Natural Hazard ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Regional Growth ◽  
Western China ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Development Levels ◽  
Meteorological Disasters

&lt;p&gt;The relationship between natural hazard-induced disasters and macroeconomic growth has been examined widely on global and national scales, but little research has been focused on the subnational level, especially in China. We examined the impacts of natural hazard-induced disasters on the regional growth in China based on subnational panel data for the period from 1990 to 2016. First, we used the number of people affected and the direct economic losses as the measures of the scale of disasters. Then, we used the direct damages of meteorological disasters and earthquakes as disaster measures separately to examine the impacts of different disaster types. Finally, we performed intraregional effects regressions to observe the spatial heterogeneity within the regions. The results show that the adverse short-term effects of disasters is most pronounced in the central region, while the direct damage of disasters is a positive stimulus of growth in the whole of China. However, this stimulus is observed in a lagged way and is reflected differently meteorological disasters in central and eastern China and earthquakes in western China are related to regional growth. The results demonstrate that the short-term macroeconomic impacts of these disasters in the three geographical regions of China largely depend on regional economic development levels and the disaster types.&lt;/p&gt;

Efficiency evaluation of hotel operations in Mainland China based on the superefficiency SBM model

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zutao Deng ◽  
Yan Gao ◽  
Bin Liang ◽  
Alastair M Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Eastern China ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Northeastern China ◽  
Central China ◽  
Western China ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Future Improvement ◽  
Measure Model ◽  
Input Redundancy ◽  
High Degree

This research evaluated the efficiency of hotels in 31 provinces and 4 regions (Eastern, Western, Central, and Northeastern China) using the superefficiency slacks-based measure model. The reasons for operational inefficiency were assessed from two perspectives: input redundancy and output shortfalls. Most hotels were found to have operational inefficiencies, and there is a significant scope for future improvement. The relative efficiency of hotel operations by the four regions was as follows: Eastern China > Central China > Western China > Northeastern China. The efficiency of hotels demonstrated differing coefficients of variation. The most significant coefficient of variation was for Western China, and the smallest was for Northeastern China. The primary cause of inefficiencies was in input redundancies, especially the high degree of input redundancy in number of hotels, employees, and rooms. Also, to some degree, differences exist among the four regions in operational inefficiencies.

Academic emotions of Chinese students during education reform: A cross-temporal meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 368-387
Author(s):  
Hao Lei ◽  
Ming Ming Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Education Reform ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Value Theory ◽  
Central China ◽  
Western China ◽  
Academic Emotions ◽  
High Arousal ◽  
Control Value

China’s education reforms might affect students’ academic emotions (and hence their motivation and learning outcomes). This study examines Chinese adolescents’ academic emotions across time via a cross-temporal meta-analysis of 96 studies published between 2004 and 2017. Our results indicate that in later years, adolescents’ positive high-arousal and positive low-arousal emotions were higher, while negative low-arousal emotions were lower. Compared to 2004, positive high-arousal and positive low-arousal emotions in 2017 were both over half a standard deviation higher, while negative low-arousal emotions were over half a standard deviation lower. Positive high-arousal and positive low-arousal emotions were higher in later years in Eastern China but not in Central China and Western China. In later years, negative low-arousal emotions were lower in Eastern and Western China than in Central China. Gender differences were not significant. These results are consistent with both control-value theory and the claim that curriculum and instruction reform helped improve students’ academic emotions in China.

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