scholarly journals LGBTQI + Migrants: A Systematic Review and Conceptual Framework of Health, Safety and Wellbeing during Migration

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 869
Author(s):  
Vanessa Yarwood ◽  
Francesco Checchi ◽  
Karen Lau ◽  
Cathy Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
English Language ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Service Access ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Language Studies

The health and safety of LGBTQI+ migrants or migrants who are of diverse sexual orientation, gender identity or expression (SOGIE) remains an under-studied area, particularly for the period during transit from their place of origin to destination. This systematic review aims to describe the literature on the health risks and consequences among SOGIE migrants during transit and examine their access and use of services. Six peer-reviewed databases and websites of nine large migration organisations were searched to identify the literature on forced migrants and sexual and gender minorities. Twenty English-language studies from 2000–2021 were included and analysed drawing on a conceptual framework. Studies emerged from six regions and the majority of research participants identified as gay men. In general, quality appraisal demonstrated studies as either medium or high quality. Findings suggested five common themes associated with SOGIE health and well-being, including: daily exposure to discrimination, harassment and violence; coping, social support and resilience; access to services; mental health; and physical and sexual health. Depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were prevalent amongst SOGIE migrants, particularly when associated with detention or camp environments, and were exacerbated by social isolation. Barriers to accessing healthcare were identified and specific sexual health services were often found lacking, especially for trans persons. Unsurprisingly, during transit, SOGIE migrants are very likely to experience the double marginalisation of their migrant or minority status and their gender identity. Results indicate that services for SOGIE migrants need to tailor service access and support approaches to respond to the particular health and protection needs of SOGIE individuals in each setting.

scholarly journals Impacts on employment, finances, and lifestyle for working age people facing an expected premature death: A systematic review

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavica Kochovska ◽  
Tim Luckett ◽  
Meera Agar ◽  
Jane L. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Family Responsibilities ◽  
Language Studies ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Nonmalignant Disease ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTObjective:The working ages (25–65 years) are a period when most people have significant work, financial, and family responsibilities. A small proportion of working age people will face an expected premature death from cancer or other life-limiting illness. Understanding the impact an expected premature death has on this population is important for informing support. The current study set out to summarize research describing the effects that facing an expected premature death has on employment, financial, and lifestyle of working age people and their families.Method:A systematic review using narrative synthesis approach. Four electronic databases were searched in July 2016 for peer-reviewed, English language studies focusing on the financial, employment, and lifestyle concerns of working age adults living with an advanced life-limiting illness and/or their carers and/or children.Results:Fifteen quantitative and 12 qualitative studies were included. Two-thirds (n = 18) were focused on cancer. All studies identified adverse effects on workforce participation, finances, and lifestyle. Many patients were forced to work less or give up work/retire early because of symptoms and reduced functioning. In addition to treatment costs, patients and families were also faced with child care, travel, and home/car modification costs. Being younger was associated with greater employment and financial burden, whereas having children was associated with lower functional well-being. Changes in family roles were identified as challenging regardless of diagnosis, whereas maintaining normalcy and creating stability was seen as a priority by parents with advanced cancer. This review is limited by the smaller number of studies focussing on the needs of working age people with nonmalignant disease.Significance of results:Working age people facing an expected premature death and their families have significant unmet financial, employment, and lifestyle needs. Comparing and contrasting their severity, timing, and priority for people with nonmalignant conditions is required to better understand their unique needs.

scholarly journals Personal resilience in psychiatrists: systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 209-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjita Howard ◽  
Catherine Kirkley ◽  
Nicola Baylis
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Language Studies ◽  
Workplace Factors ◽  
Personal Resilience ◽  
International English

Aims and methodThe concept of personal resilience is relevant to physician well-being, recruitment and retention, and to delivering compassionate patient care. This systematic review aims to explore factors affecting personal resilience among psychiatrists, in particular, those that may impair well-being and those that facilitate resilience practice. A literature search was performed of the Ovid®, Embase®, CINAHL and PsycINFO databases, using keywords to identify empirical studies involving psychiatrists that examined resilience, stress and burnout from the past 15 years.ResultsThirty-three international English language studies were included, showing that a combination of workplace, personal and non-workplace factors negatively and positively influenced well-being and resilience.Clinical implicationsGiven that workplace factors were the most commonly cited, it would appear that any resilience package that predominantly targets interventions at the workplace level would be particularly fruitful. Future research, however, needs to address the absence of a universal measurement of well-being and its moderators so that any potential interventions are better evaluated.

scholarly journals Sexual health and COVID-19: protocol for a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Navin Kumar ◽  
Kamila Janmohamed ◽  
Kate Nyhan ◽  
Laura Forastiere ◽  
Wei-Hong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Scoping Reviews

Abstract Background Global responses to the COVID-19 pandemic have exposed and exacerbated existing socioeconomic and health inequities that disproportionately affect the sexual health and well-being of many populations, including people of color, ethnic minority groups, women, and sexual and gender minority populations. Although there have been several reviews published on COVID-19 and health disparities across various populations, none has focused on sexual health. We plan to conduct a scoping review that seeks to fill several of the gaps in the current knowledge of sexual health in the COVID-19 era. Methods A scoping review focusing on sexual health and COVID-19 will be conducted. We will search (from January 2020 onwards) CINAHL, Africa-Wide Information, Web of Science Core Collection, Embase, Gender Studies Database, Gender Watch, Global Health, WHO Global Literature on Coronavirus Disease Database, WHO Global Index Medicus, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and Sociological Abstracts. Grey literature will be identified using Disaster Lit, Google Scholar, governmental websites, and clinical trials registries (e.g., ClinicalTrial.gov, World Health Organization, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number Registry). Study selection will conform to the Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers’ Manual 2015 Methodology for JBI Scoping Reviews. Only English language, original studies will be considered for inclusion. Two reviewers will independently screen all citations, full-text articles, and abstract data. A narrative summary of findings will be conducted. Data analysis will involve quantitative (e.g., frequencies) and qualitative (e.g., content and thematic analysis) methods. Discussion Original research is urgently needed to mitigate the risks of COVID-19 on sexual health. The planned scoping review will help to address this gap. Systematic review registrations Systematic Review Registration: Open Science Framework osf/io/PRX8E

scholarly journals Loneliness, social isolation, cardiovascular disease and mortality: a synthesis of the literature and conceptual framework

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (5) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Hodgson ◽  
Isabella Watts ◽  
Simon Fraser ◽  
Paul Roderick ◽  
Hajira Dambha-Miller
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
English Language ◽  
Qualitative Studies ◽  
Socially Isolated ◽  
Poor Outcomes

To conduct a systematic review and develop a conceptual framework on the mechanisms linking loneliness, social isolation, health outcomes and mortality. Electronic databases were systematically searched (PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus and EMBASE) from inception to October 2018 followed by manual searching to identify research on loneliness, social isolation and mortality in adults published in the English language. Articles were assessed for quality and synthesised into a conceptual framework using meta-ethnographical approaches. A total of 122 articles were included. These collated observational designs examining mediators and moderations of the association in addition to qualitative studies exploring potential mechanisms were included. A framework incorporating 18 discrete factors implicated in the association between loneliness, social isolation and mortality was developed. Factors were categorised into societal or individual, and sub-categorised into biological, behavioural and psychological. These findings emphasise the complex multidirectional relationship between loneliness, social isolation and mortality. Our conceptual framework may allow development of more holistic interventions, targeting many of the interdependent factors that contribute to poor outcomes for lonely and socially isolated people.

scholarly journals Chronic Diseases and Employment: Which Interventions Support the Maintenance of Work and Return to Work among Workers with Chronic Illnesses? A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soja Nazarov ◽  
Ulf Manuwald ◽  
Matilde Leonardi ◽  
Fabiola Silvaggi ◽  
Jérôme Foucaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Return To Work ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
English Language ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Language Studies ◽  
Action Project ◽  
Behavioral Therapies ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapies

The increase of chronic diseases worldwide impact quality of life, cause economic and medical costs, and make it necessary to look for strategies and solutions that allow people with chronic diseases (PwCDs) to lead an active working life. As part of the CHRODIS Plus Joint European Action project, a systematic review was conducted to identify studies of interventions that support the maintenance of work and return to work (RTW) among workers with chronic illnesses. These interventions should target employees with the following conditions: diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic vascular syndrome, respiratory diseases, musculoskeletal disorders, mental disorders, and neurological disorders. An extensive search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, and PsycINFO for English language studies. Included in this review were 15 randomized controlled trials (RCT) for adult employees (aged 18+). We found that workplace-oriented and multidisciplinary programs are the most supportive to RTW and reducing the absence due to illness. In addition, cognitive behavioral therapies achieve positive results on RTW and sick leave. Finally, coaching is effective for the self-management of chronic disease and significantly improved perceptions of working capacity and fatigue.

Epistaxis Risk Associated with Intranasal Corticosteroid Sprays: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 161 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric L. Wu ◽  
William C. Harris ◽  
Casey M. Babcock ◽  
Bailin H. Alexander ◽  
Charles A. Riley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
English Language ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Included Study ◽  
Pubmed Central ◽  
Intranasal Corticosteroids ◽  
Language Studies ◽  
Increased Risk

Objective Intranasal corticosteroids (INCSs) are widely utilized for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Epistaxis is a known adverse effect of INCSs, but it is not known if the risk of epistaxis differs among INCSs. Data Sources Systematic review of primary studies identified through Medline, Embase, Web of Science, PubMed Central, and Cochrane databases. Review Methods Systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA standard. English-language studies were queried through February 1, 2018. The search identified randomized controlled trials of INCSs for treatment of allergic rhinitis that reported incidence of epistaxis. An itemized assessment of the risk of bias was conducted for each included study, and meta-analysis was performed of the relative risk of epistaxis for each INCS. Results Of 949 identified studies, 72 met the criteria for analysis. Meta-analysis demonstrated an overall relative risk of epistaxis of 1.48 (95% CI, 1.32-1.67) for all INCSs. The INCSs associated with the highest risk of epistaxis were beclomethasone hydrofluoroalkane, fluticasone furoate, mometasone furoate, and fluticasone propionate. Beclomethasone aqueous, ciclesonide hydrofluoroalkane, and ciclesonide aqueous were associated with the lowest risk of epistaxis. Conclusions about epistaxis with use of budesonide, triamcinolone, and flunisolide are limited due to the low number of studies and high heterogeneity. Conclusions While a differential effect on epistaxis among INCS agents is not clearly demonstrated, this meta-analysis does confirm an increased risk of epistaxis for patients using INCSs as compared with placebo for treatment of allergic rhinitis.

Assessment and Treatment of Pain during In-Office Otolaryngology Procedures: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 161 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan Frank ◽  
Bradley Carlson ◽  
Amanda Hu ◽  
Derrick R. Randall ◽  
Shanalee Tamares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Pain Control ◽  
English Language ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Language Studies ◽  
Office Procedures

ObjectiveTo qualitatively assess practices of periprocedural pain assessment and control and to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions for pain during in-office procedures reported in the otolaryngology literature through a systematic review.Data SourcesPubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science searches from inception to 2018.Review MethodsEnglish-language studies reporting qualitative or quantitative data for periprocedural pain assessment in adult patients undergoing in-office otolaryngology procedures were included. Risk of bias was assessed via the Cochrane Risk of Bias or Cochrane Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions tools as appropriate. Two reviewers screened all articles. Bias was assessed by 3 reviewers.ResultsEighty-six studies describing 32 types of procedures met inclusion criteria. Study quality and risk of bias ranged from good to serious but did not affect assessed outcomes. Validated methods of pain assessment were used by only 45% of studies. The most commonly used pain assessment was patient tolerance, or ability to simply complete a procedure. Only 5.8% of studies elicited patients’ baseline pain levels prior to procedures, and a qualitative assessment of pain was done in merely 3.5%. Eleven unique pain control regimens were described in the literature, with 8% of studies failing to report method of pain control.ConclusionMany reports of measures and management of pain for in-office procedures exist but few employ validated measures, few are standardized, and current data do not support any specific pain control measures over others. Significant opportunity remains to investigate methods for improving patient pain and tolerance of in-office procedures.

scholarly journals Mental Health, Wellness, and Childhood Overweight/Obesity

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelly Russell-Mayhew ◽  
Gail McVey ◽  
Angela Bardick ◽  
Alana Ireland
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
English Language ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Eating Disordered ◽  
Current State ◽  
Language Studies

Childhood obesity is a growing concern, and while progress has been made to understand the association between multiple biological factors (i.e., genetics, nutrition, exercise etc.), little is known about the relationship between mental health and childhood obesity. In this paper, we offer a review of current evidence about the association between mental health and childhood obesity. A systematic literature search of peer-reviewed, English-language studies published between January 2000 and January 2011 was undertaken and resulted in 759 unique records, of which 345 full-text articles were retrieved and 131 articles were included. A theoretical model is proposed to organize the paper and reflect the current state of the literature and includes psychological factors (i.e., depression and anxiety, self-esteem, body dissatisfaction, eating disordered symptoms, and emotional problems); psychosocial mediating variables (i.e., weight-based teasing and concern about weight and shape), and wellness factors (i.e., quality of life and resiliency/protective factors). We conclude with a number of recommendations to support the creation of solutions to the rise in childhood obesity rates that do not further marginalize overweight and obese children and youth and that can potentially improve the well-being of all children and youth regardless of their weight status.

scholarly journals Olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in 2019 novel coronavirus: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzieh Esmaeili ◽  
Fatemeh Abdi ◽  
Gita Shafiee ◽  
Hadis Rastad ◽  
Hamid Asayesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Language Studies ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Comprehensive Search ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract BackgroundEvidence showed that partial or complete loss of smell and taste might be a possible primary symptom of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19). This study aimed to systematically review and pool all available evidence on the olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients. MethodsIn this systematic review, a comprehensive search was carried out systematically through e-databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science (WoS); that was limited to English-language studies published from 2019 up to 6th May 2020. Afterward, all studies reported the taste and smell dysfunction in the COVID-19 patients were included. The quality of the studies was assessed by the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). The pooled prevalence of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction was estimated using the random effects meta-analysis method.ResultsAmong 28 eligible included studies in this systematic review, finally, 22 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. According to the random effect meta-analysis, the global pooled prevalence (95% confidence interval) of any olfactory dysfunction, anosmia, and hyposmia was 55% (40%-70%), 40% (22%-57%), and 40% (20%-61%) respectively. The pooled estimated prevalence of any gustatory dysfunction, ageusia, and dysgeusia was 41% (23%-59%), 31% (3%-59%), and 34% (19%-48%) respectively. ConclusionOlfactory and gustatory dysfunction is prevalent among COVID-19 patients. Therefore, olfactory and gustatory dysfunction seems to be part of important symptoms and notify for the diagnosis of COVID-19, especially in the early phase of the infection.

scholarly journals Contribution of a positive psychology-based conceptual framework in reducing physician burnout and improving well-being: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi ◽  
Anaheed Shirazi ◽  
Andrew Wang ◽  
Nathan A. Shlobin ◽  
Krystal Karunungan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Psychology ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
English Language ◽  
Internship And Residency ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Multidimensional Model ◽  
Physician Burnout ◽  
Medical Subject Headings

Abstract Background The PERMA Model, as a positive psychology conceptual framework, has increased our understanding of the role of Positive emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Achievements in enhancing human potentials, performance and wellbeing. We aimed to assess the utility of PERMA as a multidimensional model of positive psychology in reducing physician burnout and improving their well-being. Methods Eligible studies include peer-reviewed English language studies of randomized control trials and non-randomized design. Attending physicians, residents, and fellows of any specialty in the primary, secondary, or intensive care setting comprised the study population. Eligible studies also involved positive psychology interventions designed to enhance physician well-being or reduce physician burnout. Using free text and the medical subject headings we searched CINAHL, Ovid PsychINFO, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar (GS) electronic bibliographic databases from 2000 until March 2020. We use keywords for a combination of three general or block of terms (Health Personnel OR Health Professionals OR Physician OR Internship and Residency OR Medical Staff Or Fellow) AND (Burnout) AND (Positive Psychology OR PERMA OR Wellbeing Intervention OR Well-being Model OR Wellbeing Theory). Results Our search retrieved 1886 results (1804 through CINAHL, Ovid PsychINFO, MEDLINE, and 82 through GS) before duplicates were removed and 1723 after duplicates were removed. The final review included 21 studies. Studies represented eight countries, with the majority conducted in Spain (n = 3), followed by the US (n = 8), and Australia (n = 3). Except for one study that used a bio-psychosocial approach to guide the intervention, none of the other interventions in this review were based on a conceptual model, including PERMA. However, retrospectively, ten studies used strategies that resonate with the PERMA components. Conclusion Consideration of the utility of PERMA as a multidimensional model of positive psychology to guide interventions to reduce burnout and enhance well-being among physicians is missing in the literature. Nevertheless, the majority of the studies reported some level of positive outcome regarding reducing burnout or improving well-being by using a physician or a system-directed intervention. Albeit, we found more favorable outcomes in the system-directed intervention. Future studies are needed to evaluate if PERMA as a framework can be used to guide system-directed interventions in reducing physician burnout and improving their well-being.

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