scholarly journals Impact of Digital and Non-Digital Urban Participatory Approaches on Public Access Conditions: An Evaluation Framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 563
Author(s):  
Thibaud Chassin ◽  
Adeline Cherqui ◽  
Jens Ingensand ◽  
Florent Joerin
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Real Case ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Participatory Approaches ◽  
Interactive Session

The gradual institutionalization of public participation increasingly compels local authorities to partially share their power over the transformation of urban areas. The smooth running of a participatory session is based on selecting the appropriate type of interaction, or medium, which supports the local authorities to reach and interact with a targeted public. However, local authorities often appear unfamiliar with the organization of interactive sessions with the population. This article introduces an evaluation framework that focuses on the access conditions of participants to the sessions of interaction. This novel perspective aspires to assist the local authorities in their decision to adopt a participatory medium (or method of interaction). Seven dimensions are investigated to this aim, namely accessibility, availability, adequacy, affordability, acceptability, awareness, and attractiveness (the last dimension is introduced in this article). In light of two real case scenarios that occurred in Western Switzerland, the use of the access framework is investigated for two potential purposes: (1) supporting the choice of a medium for an interactive session according to the urban project’s context and the targeted public; and (2) improving future participatory approaches by assessing the representativeness of participants attending a past session in comparison to the originally targeted public.

scholarly journals Legal and Organizational Framework for the use of Geoweb Methods for Public Participation in Spatial Planning in Poland: Experiences, Opinions and Challenges

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-175
Author(s):  
Edyta Bąkowska-Waldmann ◽  
Cezary Brudka ◽  
Piotr Jankowski
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Organizational Framework ◽  
Public Consultations

Abstract Geoweb methods offer an alternative to commonly used public participation methods in spatial planning. This paper discusses two such geoweb methods – geo-questionnaire and geo-discussion in the context of their initial applications within the spatial planning processes in Poland. The paper presents legal and organizational framework for the implementation of methods, provides their development details, and assesses insights gained from their deployment in the context of spatial planning in Poland. The analysed case studies encompass different spatial scales ranging from major cities in Poland (Poznań and Łódź) to suburban municipalities (Rokietnica and Swarzędz in Poznań Agglomeration). The studies have been substantiated by interviews with urban planners and local authorities on the use and value of Geoweb methods in public consultations.

scholarly journals The Quality of the Living Environment as a Result of Democratic Planning Traditions and Society Interaction: Aspect of Urban Public Security

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Jonas Jakaitis
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Public Security ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Urban Structures

Abstract The article explores ways of improving urban structures of territories especially from the aspect of urban public security. The investigation is based on theoretical principles and existing practices. Implementing the principles of sustainable development in the conditions of public participation and cooperation with local authorities, residents of the cities and towns can be successfully integrated into a modern, well-designed, safe public urban space.

Stakeholder participation in Lopburi Old Town conservation master plan

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tritsana Sorat ◽  
Nug-Rob Rawangkarn ◽  
Wee Rawang ◽  
Kanang Kantamaturapoj
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Stakeholder Participation ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Information Provision ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Flexible Form

PurposeThis study aims to evaluate the meaningful public participation in activities relating to the master plan development and, at the same time, propose some recommendations for improvement.Design/methodology/approachThe study was carried out with in-depth interviews of 35 key-informants selected from various stakeholder groups involving in public participation activities. The evaluation frameworks for meaningful participation were developed from various scholars.FindingsThe evaluation showed that the public hearings partially met the criteria of information provision and representativeness. However, there are rooms for improvement on participation in decision-making process, social learning and influence over policy decision-making. Therefore, this study proposes two recommendations. First, more flexible form of public participation is needed to enable discussions among various groups of stakeholders. Second, the organizer should communicate with stakeholders about how their opinions influence the final master plan in order to create sense of belonging among community members.Originality/valueThis research developed the evaluation framework for public participation in old town conservation master plan in developing country.

scholarly journals Valuing Urban Tropical River Recreation Attributes Using Choice Experiments

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Santiago ◽  
John Loomis ◽  
Alisa V. Ortiz ◽  
Ariam L. Torres
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Water Clarity ◽  
Choice Experiments ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Public Access ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Marginal Values ◽  
River Recreation ◽  
In Parenthesis

While providing public access to rivers in urban areas is a first step, maintaining a high quality recreation experience can be expensive. Knowing the economic benefits of high quality recreation may help recreation managers in justifying budget increases and define priorities during a time of scarce resources. To provide that information we have conducted urban river recreation valuation using Choice Experiments (CE). We value user defined recreation attribute improvements for the following: reducing the presence of trash, increasing water clarity, reducing crowds and increasing vegetation. We also tested whether pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors influence visitors’ Willingness to Pay (WTP) for improvements in environmental attributes. Three of the four attribute improvements were statistically significant (marginal values are provided in parenthesis): reduction of trash ($173), improving water clarity ($52), and reducing crowding ($28). The results can help managers justify improved trash removal and littering enforcement strategies, and advocate improvement of water quality by means of enacting and enforcing more strict regulations on littering, off-roading use, gravel pit discharges, and maximum visitation levels.

scholarly journals Mapping the Life Cycle Co-Creation Process of Nature-Based Solutions for Urban Climate Change Adaptation

Resources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Marta Irene DeLosRíos-White ◽  
Peter Roebeling ◽  
Sandra Valente ◽  
Ines Vaittinen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Participatory Approaches ◽  
Creation Process ◽  
Living Lab ◽  
The Face

Developing urban and peri-urban ecosystem services with nature-based solutions (NBS) and participatory approaches can help achieve more resilient and sustainable environments for cities and urban areas in the face of climate change. The co-creation process is increasingly recognised as the way forward to deal with environmental issues in cities, allowing the development of associated methods and tools that have been described and published for specific stages. It is argued that the co-creation process comprises various interlinked stages, corresponding stakeholders, and subsequent methods and tools that need to be mapped and integrated across all stages. In this study, a Life Cycle Co-Creation Process (LCCCP) for NBS is developed, building on continuous improvement cycles and Design Thinking methodologies, and for which the stages and substages, involved stakeholders and engagement methods and tools are mapped and defined. For stakeholders, the actors of an Urban Living Lab (ULL) are adapted to the LCCCP; for the engagement methods and tools, the goals of stakeholder engagement are used as a guide to select examples of co-creation methods and tools. The developed LCCCP comprises five stages, i.e., CoExplore, CoDesign, CoExperiment, CoImplement and CoManagement, creating a unique path that can be followed by practitioners for NBS co-creation.

scholarly journals Use of Automated Change Detection and VGI Sources for Identifying and Validating Urban Land Use Change

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.-M. Olteanu-Raimond ◽  
L. See ◽  
M. Schultz ◽  
G. Foody ◽  
M. Riffler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Change Detection ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
User Profiles ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
The Impact

Land use and land cover (LULC) mapping is often undertaken by national mapping agencies, where these LULC products are used for different types of monitoring and reporting applications. Updating of LULC databases is often done on a multi-year cycle due to the high costs involved, so changes are only detected when mapping exercises are repeated. Consequently, the information on LULC can quickly become outdated and hence may be incorrect in some areas. In the current era of big data and Earth observation, change detection algorithms can be used to identify changes in urban areas, which can then be used to automatically update LULC databases on a more continuous basis. However, the change detection algorithm must be validated before the changes can be committed to authoritative databases such as those produced by national mapping agencies. This paper outlines a change detection algorithm for identifying construction sites, which represent ongoing changes in LU, developed in the framework of the LandSense project. We then use volunteered geographic information (VGI) captured through the use of mapathons from a range of different groups of contributors to validate these changes. In total, 105 contributors were involved in the mapathons, producing a total of 2778 observations. The 105 contributors were grouped according to six different user-profiles and were analyzed to understand the impact of the experience of the users on the accuracy assessment. Overall, the results show that the change detection algorithm is able to identify changes in residential land use to an adequate level of accuracy (85%) but changes in infrastructure and industrial sites had lower accuracies (57% and 75 %, respectively), requiring further improvements. In terms of user profiles, the experts in LULC from local authorities, researchers in LULC at the French national mapping agency (IGN), and first-year students with a basic knowledge of geographic information systems had the highest overall accuracies (86.2%, 93.2%, and 85.2%, respectively). Differences in how the users approach the task also emerged, e.g., local authorities used knowledge and context to try to identify types of change while those with no knowledge of LULC (i.e., normal citizens) were quicker to choose ‘Unknown’ when the visual interpretation of a class was more difficult.

scholarly journals Decision Making Support for Local Authorities Choosing the Method for Siting of In-City EV Charging Stations

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Sierpiński ◽  
Marcin Staniek ◽  
Marcin Jacek Kłos
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
Decision Making Support

Development of electromobility in urban areas requires an appropriate level of vehicle charging infrastructure. Numerous methods for siting of charging stations have been developed to date, and they appear to be delivering diverse outcomes for the same area, which is why local authorities face the problem of choosing the right station layout. The solution proposed in this article is to use a travel planner to evaluate the distribution of charging stations over the area of a metropolis. The decision making support is achieved by determining optimal travel routes for electric vehicles according to their initial state of charge for the three selected station siting methods. The evaluation focused on the following three aspects: (1) number of travels that cannot be made (due to the lack of a charging station at a certain distance around the start point), (2) extension of the travel caused by the need to recharge the vehicle on-route, and (3) additional energy consumption by electric vehicles required to reach the charging station (necessity of departing from the optimal route). An analysis of the results has made it possible to determine a solution which is superior to others. For the case study analysed in the paper, i.e., the territory of the Metropolis of Upper Silesia and Dabrową Basin (Górnośląsko-Zagłębiowska Metropolia, GZM), the distribution of charging stations established in line with method I has returned the best results. What the method in question also makes possible is to indicate a safe minimum energy reserve to complete the travel by eliminating situations of unexpected vehicle immobilisation due to on-route energy depletion and by minimising the phenomenon referred to as range anxiety.

Crowdsourcing the Corpus: Using Collective Intelligence as a Method for Composition

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 25-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Plans Casal
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
Spectral Decomposition ◽  
Collective Intelligence ◽  
Collaborative Practice ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Human Intelligence ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Music Making ◽  
On Line ◽  
Collaborative Music

The author describes the practical application of crowdsourcing human intelligence as a form of collaborative music-making. Spectral decomposition of an original recording is used to derive components from original audio, and these are then offered as on-line tasks in which contributors are asked to record their own interpretations of each component. Components are then gathered in order to re-synthesize the original corpus, which is used to build an improvisation system. The author uses Bernard Stiegler's ecology of attention paradigm to situate crowdsourcing as an emerging form of public participation in music-making and Glenn Gould's ideas on performance and public access to position this participation as an act of composition. The work is offered as an illustration of the author's individual process as a composer for finding new notational pathways for collaborative practice.

scholarly journals Are Agencies Turning a Blind Eye to Public Access to Environmental Assessment Information?

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (03) ◽  
pp. 1550028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Friederike Odparlik
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Information Provision ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Planning Theory ◽  
Environmental Assessments ◽  
Electricity Grid ◽  
Wide Range

For environmental assessments (strategic environmental assessment (SEA) and environmental impact assessment (EIA)) a wide range of data and documents is gathered, processed, and produced. In planning theory, this information is viewed to have a transformative function: It can affect perceptions in advance of a decision, thereby impacting the planning process at all levels and stages. The role of this information in supporting transparent public participation is often neglected. This paper analyses the current implementation of legal requirements providing access to information on environmental assessments (EAs) in Germany's electricity grid expansion and federal road planning sectors, using a criteria based case study analysis of agency websites. The 92 analysed websites primarily provide general planning information, technical information, and final decisions. One third of the websites provided EA documents, and show a clear need for improvement in information provision about and in support of public participation.

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