scholarly journals A New Urban Vitality Analysis and Evaluation Framework Based on Human Activity Modeling Using Multi-Source Big Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 617
Author(s):  
Shaojun Liu ◽  
Ling Zhang ◽  
Yi Long ◽  
Yao Long ◽  
Mianhao Xu
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Driving Mechanism ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Geographically Weighted Regression Model ◽  
Activity Modeling ◽  
Urban Activities

A quantitative study of urban vitality brings new insights for evaluating the external construction environment and internal development power of cities. However, it still has limited knowledge of the relations between people’s diverse urban life and urban vitality, although urban activities are often used as the proxy for urban vitality. This paper aims to deeply mine the content of urban social life and reveal the driving mechanism of urban vitality after inspecting human activities. We propose a general framework for exploring the spatial pattern and driving mechanism of urban vitality using multi-source big data. It builds a mapping relationship between various urban activities and urban vitality aspects, including economic and social. In addition, the physical environment (static) and human–land interaction (dynamic) indicators are designed to analyze the driving mechanism of urban vitality using the Geographically Weighted Regression model. The results show that the spatial pattern and driving factors of urban vitality are heterogeneous over space regarding both the economic and social aspects of our experimental study. This work provides us with multiple perspectives to understand the connotation of urban vitality and urges us to develop rational strategies to make the city more vital, coordinated, and sustainable.

Community and Urban Places in a Digital World

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Goodspeed
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Urban Community ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Information And Communications Technologies ◽  
Digital World ◽  
Communications Technologies ◽  
Urban Places

The sources of big data of most interest to urban social researchers arise from the adoption of digital information and communications technologies (ICTs)—especially Internet–connected smartphones and computers—by city residents themselves for nearly all aspects of economic and social life. As much as might be learned from this new data, they also reflect broader changes in the nature of urban community. ICTs are not only loosening ties among residents and their neighbors, but also enabling urban residents to remain deeply connected to places regardless of where they live. These trends promise to have profound consequences for local civic participation, since it increases the number and variety of interested stakeholders for any given place. The comment concludes by observing that since ICTs mediate urban life for many residents, researchers should explore the myriad ways they shape cities.

Graffiti als Version und Subversion–Praxen kultureller Re-Regulierung und die Möglichkeit von Gratiforschung

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Dollinger
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
Wird Eine ◽  
Multiple Perspectives

Der Beitrag geht von Versuchen aus, integrative Perspektiven einer überaus heterogenen Graffitiforschung zu bestimmen. In Auseinandersetzung insbesondere mit Bruno Latours Ansatz des »Iconoclash« wird eine kulturtheoretische Referenz bestimmt, die Graffiti als Version identifiziert, d. h. als semiotisch orientierte Veränderung räumlich situierter Ordnungs- und Regulierungspraxen. Ihnen kann, wenn auch nicht zwingend, eine subversive Qualität zukommen. Durch die Ausrichtung am Konzept einer Version wird beansprucht, Forderungen einer normativ weitgehend abstinenten, nicht-essentialistischen und für komplexe Fragen der Identitäts- und Raumpolitik offenen Forschungspraxis einzulösen.<br><br>The contribution attempts to integrate multiple perspectives of current largely heterogeneous graffiti scholarship. Referring to Bruno Latour’s concept »iconoclash«, we discuss graffiti from a cultural-theoretical point of view as a »version«. It appears as a semiotically oriented modification of spatially situated practices that regulate social life. Often, but not necessarily, these practices involve subversive qualities. The concept of »version« facilitates a non-normative and non-essentialist strategy of research. This enables an explorative research practice in which the complex matters of identity and space politics that are associated with graffiti can be addressed.

scholarly journals The limits of computation: A philosophical critique of contemporary Big Data research

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 205395171881184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petter Törnberg ◽  
Anton Törnberg
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Qualitative Change ◽  
Philosophical Discussion ◽  
Philosophical Critique ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Social Patterns ◽  
Digital Era

This paper reviews the contemporary discussion on the epistemological and ontological effects of Big Data within social science, observing an increased focus on relationality and complexity, and a tendency to naturalize social phenomena. The epistemic limits of this emerging computational paradigm are outlined through a comparison with the discussions in the early days of digitalization, when digital technology was primarily seen through the lens of dematerialization, and as part of the larger processes of “postmodernity”. Since then, the online landscape has become increasingly centralized, and the “liquidity” of dematerialized technology has come to empower online platforms in shaping the conditions for human behavior. This contrast between the contemporary epistemological currents and the previous philosophical discussions brings to the fore contradictions within the study of digital social life: While qualitative change has become increasingly dominant, the focus has gone towards quantitative methods; while the platforms have become empowered to shape social behavior, the focus has gone from social context to naturalizing social patterns; while meaning is increasingly contested and fragmented, the role of hermeneutics has diminished; while platforms have become power hubs pursuing their interests through sophisticated data manipulation, the data they provide is increasingly trusted to hold the keys to understanding social life. These contradictions, we argue, are partially the result of a lack of philosophical discussion on the nature of social reality in the digital era; only from a firm metatheoretical perspective can we avoid forgetting the reality of the system under study as we are affected by the powerful social life of Big Data.

scholarly journals АКТУАЛІЗАЦІЯ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ІДЕНТИЧНОСТІ В УМОВАХ КАРНАВАЛІЗАЦІЇ МІСЬКОГО ЖИТТЯ

2019 ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Міхно Н. К.
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Sociological Studies ◽  
Ukrainian Society

The main attention in this article is focused on the definition of the characteristic features of the processes of carnivalization of urban space in the conditions of modern Ukrainian society. The changes that occur in the space of everyday life against the background of General trends in social life – globalization, virtualization, changes in the specifics of communications, the spread of emotional capitalism. The main functional imperatives of carnival as a form of collective action are fixed. It is determined that in the conditions of carnivalization of urban life there is an actualization of national identity against the background of a number of events of socio-political, economic, national and cultural life of Ukrainian society. The data of sociological studies that record the growth of patriotism, civic responsibility and the level of national identity in recent years. Invited to pay attention to the instruments of incorporation of the symbols of the national community in the process of the ritual of the festive action.

scholarly journals Spatial pattern evaluation of a calibrated national hydrological model – a remote sensing based diagnostic approach

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gorka Mendiguren ◽  
Julian Koch ◽  
Simon Stisen
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Driving Mechanism ◽  
Distributed Hydrological Model ◽  
Eof Analysis ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Abstract. Distributed hydrological models are traditionally evaluated against discharge stations, emphasizing the temporal and neglecting the spatial component of a model. The present study widens the traditional paradigm by highlighting spatial patterns of evapotranspiration (ET), a key variable at the land-atmosphere interface, obtained from two different approaches at the national scale of Denmark. The first approach is based on a national water resources model (DK-model), using the MIKE-SHE model code, and the second approach utilizes a two source energy balance model (TSEB) driven mainly by satellite remote sensing data. The main hypothesis of the study is that while both approaches are essentially estimates, the spatial patterns of the remote sensing based approach are explicitly driven by observed land surface temperature and therefore represent the most direct spatial pattern information of ET; enabling its use for distributed hydrological model evaluation. Ideally the hydrological model simulation and remote sensing based approach should present similar spatial patterns and driving mechanism of ET. However, the spatial comparison showed that the differences are significant and indicating insufficient spatial pattern performance of the hydrological model. The differences in spatial patterns can partly be explained by the fact that the hydrological model is configured to run in 6 domains that are calibrated independently from each other, as it is often the case for large scale multi-basin calibrations. Furthermore, the model incorporates predefined temporal dynamics of Leaf Area Index (LAI), root depth (RD) and Crop coefficient (Kc) for each land cover type. This zonal approach of model parametrization ignores the spatio-temporal complexity of the natural system. To overcome this limitation, the study features a modified version of the DK-Model in which LAI, RD, and KC are empirically derived using remote sensing data and detailed soil property maps in order to generate a higher degree of spatio-temporal variability and spatial consistency between the 6 domains. The effects of these changes are analyzed by using the empirical orthogonal functions (EOF) analysis to evaluate spatial patterns. The EOF-analysis shows that including remote sensing derived LAI, RD and KC in the distributed hydrological model adds spatial features found in the spatial pattern of remote sensing based ET.

scholarly journals Perkembangan Desa Marindal I sebagai Daerah Hinterland Kota Medan (Studi Pendekatan dan Analisis Tipologi Desa)

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Akhmad Syarif ◽  
Marlon Sihombing ◽  
Tarmizi Tarmizi
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Determinant Factors

The result of the research showed that Marindal I village fell under self-supporting village. The determinant factors of village typology indicated that Marindal I village tended to have the characteristic of urban life, viewed from the population density of 2.692 person per square kilometer. 98.59 % of the people’s livelihood at Marindal I village was non –agrarian. Education at Marindal I village made it a self-supporting village or developing village because 92,49 % of its people were SD (Elementary School)graduates. Custom at Marindal I village was no strict, were only three adat ceremonies. In village equipment and infrastructure, Marindal I village was in (3,11 %). The people’s social life at this village was not very good, and it seemed that it lacked of sense of togetherness. Netherless the deveolpment pattern of Marindal I village as the hinterland tended to be progressive

scholarly journals Spatial Pattern and Driving Mechanism of Urban–Rural Income Gap in Gansu Province of China

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1002
Author(s):  
Ping Zhang ◽  
Weiwei Li ◽  
Kaixu Zhao ◽  
Sidong Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Gansu Province ◽  
Floating Population ◽  
Driving Mechanism ◽  
County Level ◽  
Income Gap ◽  
Rural Income ◽  
Group Matrix ◽  
Urban Rural

The urban–rural income gap is a principal indicator for evaluating the sustainable development of a region, and even the comprehensive strength of a country. The study of the urban–rural income gap and its changing spatial patterns and influence factors is an important basis for the formulation of integrated urban–rural development planning. In this paper, we conduct an empirical study on 84 county-level cities in Gansu Province by using various analysis tools, such as GIS, GeoDetector and Boston Consulting Group Matrix. The findings show that: (1) The urban–rural income gap in Gansu province is at a high level in spatial correlation and agglomeration, leading to the formation of a stepped and solidified spatial pattern. (2) Different factors vary greatly in influence, for example, per capita Gross Domestic Product, alleviating poverty policy and urbanization rate are the most prominent, followed by those such as floating population, added value of secondary industry and number of Internet users. (3) The driving mechanism becomes increasingly complex, with the factor interaction effect of residents’ income dominated by bifactor enhancement, and that of the urban–rural income gap dominated by non-linear enhancement. (4) The 84 county-level cities in Gansu Province are classified into four types of early warning zones, and differentiated policy suggestions are made in this paper.

Feminist psychogeography long after May 1968: Whatever Happened to My Revolution

2021 ◽  
pp. 095715582110512
Author(s):  
Marcus Breen
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Politics ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Feminist Perspective ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Current Generation ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cultural Transformations ◽  
May 1968 ◽  
The Impact

Whatever Happened to My Revolution offers a French feminist perspective on the impact today of the uprising by the left in Paris in May 1968. The continuing appeal of the events of ‘68 are considered to be in decline, yet the film suggests that the energy of 50 years ago continues to mobilize cultural politics through cinematic appeals that amount to the radical recuperation of some of the ambitions of the day, a continuation of the past in the present. Whatever Happened to My Revolution is explored with reference to Guy Debord's concept of psychogeography, which suggested new phases of discovery in social life for remaking urban life, cross-referencing aspects of Jacques Lacan's psychoanalytical approach that appear in the film, especially the concept of desire, informing its feminist psychogeography. The challenges facing the current generation can be described as a desire by the French left, in this film defined and described by women, for the realization of May ‘68s cultural transformations in public and private culture.

Spatial Organization and the Residential Experience: Black Cincinnati in 1850

1986 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry L. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Urban Community ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Residential Patterns ◽  
Geographic Space ◽  
Residential Experience

Although the role of strategically situated black Cincinnati as a gateway to freedom in the period before the Civil War has been well documented, the internal structure of this dynamic black urban community and its evolution within the larger urban setting has proved a more elusive subject (Woodson, 1916; Wade, 1954; Ellwein, 1964; Lammermeier, 1970; Riley, 1971; Berlin, 1976; Curry, 1981; Horton, 1984). In the antebellum period, as in our own age, residential location determined the type and quality of housing one might occupy, the employment opportunities and the public and private facilities accessible to the resident, and the overall physical, economic, political, and social setting in which urban residents lived and raised their families. Moreover, in the commercial era, before the advent of modern intraurban transport, the residential structure was the foundation upon which the entire social life and the organizational structure of urban life was built. An understanding of residential patterns, and of the location of the black community in geographic space and in the context of the evolving urban structure, is therefore a critical prerequisite to understanding what life in the antebellum black urban community was like.

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