scholarly journals Main Chain Polysulfoxides as Active ‘Stealth’ Polymers with Additional Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Behaviour

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 4583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah El Mohtadi ◽  
Richard d’Arcy ◽  
Xiaoye Yang ◽  
Zulfiye Yesim Turhan ◽  
Aws Alshamsan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Anionic Ring ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Poly Propylene

We present the evaluation of a sulfoxide-based polymer (poly(propylene sulfoxide), PPSO) as a potential ‘stealth’ macromolecule, and at the same time as a pharmacologically active (anti-inflammatory/anti-oxidant) material. The combination of these two concepts may at first seem peculiar since the gold standard polymer in biomaterials and drug delivery, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), is ‘stealth’ due to its chemical and biological inertness, which makes it hardly biologically active. Polysulfoxides, on the contrary, may couple a substantial inertness towards biomolecules under homeostatic conditions, with the possibility to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) associated to inflammation. Polysulfoxides, therefore, are rather uniquely, ‘active’ ‘stealth’ polymers. Here, we describe the synthesis of PPSO through controlled oxidation of poly(propylene sulfide) (PPS), which on its turn was obtained via anionic ring-opening polymerization. In vitro, PPSO was characterized by a low toxicity (IC50 ~7 mg/mL at 24 h on human dermal fibroblasts) and a level of complement activation (in human plasma) and macrophage uptake slightly lower than PEG of a similar size. Importantly, and differently from PEG, on LPS-activated macrophages, PPSO showed a strong and dose-dependent ROS (hydrogen peroxide and hypochlorite)-scavenging activity, which resulted in a corresponding reduction of cytokine production.

Red Grape Polyphenol Oral Administration improves Immune Response in Women Affected by Nickel-Mediated Allergic Contact Dermatitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thea Magrone ◽  
Emilio Jirillo ◽  
Manrico Magrone ◽  
Matteo Antonio Russo ◽  
Paolo Romita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Allergic Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Red Grape ◽  
Allergic Contact ◽  
Drop Outs

Background: Our previous findings demonstrated that in vitro supplementation of polyphenols, extracted from seeds of red grape (Nero di Troia cultivar), to peripheral lymphomonocytes from patients affected by allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to nickel (Ni) could reduce release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide (NO), while increasing levels of interleukin (IL)-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine. Objective: To assess whether an intervention with oral administration of polyphenols leads to a reduction of peripheral biomarkers in ACD patients. Method: At T0, 25 patients affected by ACD to Ni were orally administered with 300 mg polyphenols prodie extracted from seeds of red grape (Nero di Troia cultivar) (NATUR-OX®) for 3 months (T1). Other 25 patients affected by ACD to Ni received placebo only for the same period of time. Serum biomarkers were analyzed at T0 and T1. In both groups seven drop outs were recorded. Result: At T1 in comparison to T0, in treated patients, values of IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17, PTX3 and NO decreased, while IL-10 levels increased when compared with T0 values. Conversely, in placebo-treated patients no modifications of biomarkers were evaluated at T1. Conclusion: Present laboratory data rely on the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties of polyphenols.

scholarly journals Preliminary in vitro study of anti-oxidant activity and anti-diabetic potential of plant extracts from 4 herbal substances not traditionally used for treatment of diabetes mellitus

Pharmacia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 755-762
Author(s):  
Dora Trifonova ◽  
Anna Gavrilova ◽  
Galina Dyakova ◽  
Genadi Gavrilov ◽  
Maya Yotova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Sambucus Ebulus ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

The focus of the presented study is the in vitro anti-oxidant activity and anti-diabetic potential of water extracts from the following four herbal substances, not traditionally used for treatment of diabetes mellitus – leaves of Sambucus ebulus L. and Prunus mahaleb L., and flowering stems of Cichorium intybus L. and Satureja kitaibelii Wierzb. ex Heuff. The water extracts are obtained through ultrasonication. The extract of S. kitaibelii stands out due to its highest values in all studied indicators – total phenolic content, scavenging potential (DPPH, ABTS) and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity which was six times higher than acarbose. The extract of C. intybus also showed significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity compared to acarbose. The flowering stems of both species are promising sources of biologically active substances for blood sugar control in diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals In vitro health beneficial activities of Pumpkin seeds from Cucurbita moschata cultivated in Lemnos

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danai Sakka ◽  
Haralabos C. Karantonis
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Activating Factor ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Cucurbita Moschata ◽  
Pumpkin Seed ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Pumpkin Seeds ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Locally Grown ◽  
Seed Extracts

Pumpkin seeds are commonly consumed in Greece. Although Cucurbita moschata is locally grown in Lemnos and is traditionally used in pumpkin pies, the seeds are currently discarded after consumption of the fruit flesh. The aim of the present study was to investigate the nutritional functionality of pumpkin seeds from Cucurbita moschata grown in Lemnos.Cucurbita moschatas’ seeds, raw or roasted, were appropriately extracted and the results are presented for raw versus (vs) roasted seed extracts. The phenolic content was expressed as μg gallic acid/g of seeds according to Folin-Ciocalteau assay (370.3 ± 19.1 vs 551.0 ± 22.0). Antioxidant capacity was expressed as equivalent amount for 50% scavenging in mg of seeds for DPPH (50.03 ± 5.91 vs 25.82 ± 6.77) and ABTS (17.85 ± 0.77 vs 12.77 ± 0.76) assays, and as μmol of trolox/g of seeds for FRAP (1.19 ± 0.05 vs 2.50 ± 0.23) and CUPRAC (2.13 ±0.11 vs 3.25 ± 0.06) assays. Anti-inflammatory/anti-thrombotic and anti-diabetic activities were expressed as mg of seeds for 50% inhibition of platelet activating factor (0.62 vs 0.15) and as μg of seeds for 25% inhibition of alpha-glycosidase (40.0 vs 61.0) activities respectively. Moreover, anti-atherogenic activity was expressed as the % increase in lag time of human plasma oxidation (62.7 versus 163.2)Raw and roasted pumpkin seed extracts exert anti-oxidant, anti-thrombotic/anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic and antidiabetic activities. Cucurbita moschata seeds may represent a novel opportunity for development of functional foods, with a local interest in Lemnos that would contribute also to the regional public health improvement.

Evaluation of Anti-oxidant and Anti-pyretic activity of fruits of Garcinia pedunculata

2021 ◽  
pp. 2635-2638
Author(s):  
Mrinmoy Basak ◽  
Moksood Ahmed Laskar ◽  
Priyanka Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Most of the synthetic drugs used at present as analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents cause many side effects and toxic effects. Many medicines of plant origin with analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity have been used since long time without adverse effects. The purpose of the study was to explore the anti-pyretic and anti-oxidant activity of fruits of Garcinia pedunculata. The fruit of G. pedunculata was collected from Shillong, Meghalaya and extraction is done by using methanol as a solvent. The methanol extract shows the presence of carbohydrate, glycoside, alkaloids, phenol and flavonoids. Acute anti-pyretic activity for the extract was investigated in pyrexia rat. Temperature level was determined after 1hours, 4 hours, 8 hours and 12 hours after giving the extract dose of 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg body weight, and it was found to produce a significant reduce in fever. DPPH radical scavenging activity (In-vitro anti-oxidant activity of G. pedunculata) of methanolic extract shows 38.31 as IC50 (µg/ml) whereas Ascorbic acid as standard in the same concentration shows 34.81 IC50 (µg/ml). The obtained result justified the traditional use of G. pedunculata as anti-pyretic and antioxidant purpose.

scholarly journals Use of an in vitro model of hepatic steatosis for studying the anti-oxidant and antisteatotic effects of fucoidan polysaccharides

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab El Rashed ◽  
Hala Khalife ◽  
Adriana Voci ◽  
Elena Grasselli ◽  
Laura Canesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Algae ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is characterised by fat accumulation in hepatocytes in the form of triacyglycerols (TAGs) within cytosolic lipid droplets. Fucoidans (FUs) are biologically active polysaccharides usually isolated from brown marine algae, but recently identified also in terrestrial plants. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anti-oxidant and anti-steatotic effects of FUs purified from C. compressa, F. hermonis, and E. globulus. To this aim, we used a validated NAFLD in vitro model consisting of rat hepatoma FaO cells exposed to an oleate/palmitate mixture. Such a model is suitable for rapid investigation of direct effects of natural and artificial compounds, together with satisfying the strategy of 3Rs for laboratory use of animals. Our results indicated that all FUs display anti-oxidant and anti-steatotic activities. Steatotic FaO cells may be employed to further study the biological effects of FUs.

scholarly journals Properties of a New Food Supplement Containing Actinia equina Extract

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 945
Author(s):  
Marika Lanza ◽  
Giovanna Casili ◽  
Giovanna Loredana La Torre ◽  
Daniele Giuffrida ◽  
Archimede Rotondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Neutrophil Infiltration ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Marine species represent a great source of biologically active substances; Actinia equina (AE), an Anthozoa Cnidaria belonging to the Actinidiae family, have been proposed as original food and have already been included in several cooking recipes in local Mediterranean shores, and endowed with excellent nutraceutical potential. The aim of this study was to investigate some unexplored features of AE, through analytical screening and an in-vitro and in-vivo model. An in-vitro study, made on RAW 264.7 stimulated with H2O2, showed that the pre-treatment with AE exerted an antioxidant action, reducing lipid peroxidation and up-regulating antioxidant enzymes. On the other hand, the in-vivo study over murine model demonstrated that the administration of AE extracts is able to reduce the carrageenan (CAR)-induced paw edema. Furthermore, the histological damage due to the neutrophil infiltration is prevented, and this highlights precious anti-inflammatory features of the interesting food-stuff. Moreover, it was assessed that AE extract modulated nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) and The nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf-2) pathways. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that thanks to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, AE extract could be used as a new food supplement for inflammatory pathology prevention.

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