scholarly journals Zinc and Copper Enhance Cucumber Tolerance to Fusaric Acid by Mediating Its Distribution and Toxicity and Modifying the Antioxidant System

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3370
Author(s):  
Ruirui Wang ◽  
Jian Huang ◽  
Aichen Liang ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Luis Alejandro Jose Mur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Fusaric Acid ◽  
Predominant Role ◽  
Membrane Injury ◽  
Protective Agents ◽  
Fungal Toxin ◽  
Enzymes Activity

Fusaric acid (FA), the fungal toxin produced by Fusarium oxysporum, plays a predominant role in the virulence and symptom development of Fusarium wilt disease. As mineral nutrients can be protective agents against Fusarium wilt, hydroponic experiments employing zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) followed by FA treatment were conducted in a glasshouse. FA exhibited strong phytotoxicity on cucumber plants, which was reversed by the addition of Zn or Cu. Thus, Zn or Cu dramatically reduced the wilt index, alleviated the leaf or root cell membrane injury and mitigated against the FA inhibition of plant growth and photosynthesis. Cucumber plants grown with Zn exhibited decreased FA transportation to shoots and a 17% increase in toxicity mitigation and showed minimal hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation level with the increased of antioxidant enzymes activity in both roots and leaves. Cucumber grown with additional Cu absorbed less FA but showed more toxicity mitigation at 20% compared to with additional Zn and exhibited decreased hydrogen peroxide level and increased antioxidant enzymes activity. Thus, adding Zn or Cu can decrease the toxicity of the FA by affecting the absorption or transportation of the FA in plants and mitigate toxicity possibly through chelation. Zn and Cu modify the antioxidant system to scavenge hydrogen peroxide for suppressing FA induction of oxidative damage. Our experiments could provide a theoretical basis for the direct application of micro-fertilizer as protective agents in farming.

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES ACTIVITY IN EXPERIMENTAL ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-90
Author(s):  
N. V. Volotovska ◽  
T. V. Kashchak
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Mechanical Trauma ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Enzymes Activity

Background. Blood loss during civil and military limb trauma is the most common cause of preventable death. Complications due to the use of a hemostatic tourniquet are widely investigated nowadays. Therefore, the standards of the past have to be improved. Objective. The aim of the research is to study the reaction of the enzyme chain of the liver antioxidant system in the presence of modifications of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Methods. 210 white male-rats, aged 5-5.5 months, were used in the research. The dynamics of antioxidant enzymes activity catalase (Cat) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in liver tissue in cases of modifications of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) were studied. The period of investigation was in 24 hours, 3, 7, 14 days after the injury. Results. In cases of simulated IRI the catalase level mainly decreased at each period of the experiment. The peak of SOD activity was evidenced on the 1st, 3rd or 7th days after the experimental IRI according to the degree of trauma severity. Thus, IRI combined with severe blood loss and mechanical trauma caused the severest affection of the antioxidant system. Even a single application of hemostatic tourniquet caused similar wavelike reactions at different times. Conclusions. The development of IRI is accompanied by a significant depression of the liver antioxidant system. The most significant changes were evidenced in cases of IRI combined with blood loss and mechanical trauma, but even a single application of a tourniquet caused active response of the antioxidant enzymes.

Formation of Nonspecifi c Resistance in Winter Wheat Plants by the Hydrogen Peroxide Treatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
L. Batsmanova ◽  
M. Musienko
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Condensation Product ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Enzymes Activity ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide Treatment ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

Aim. The aim of the investigation was to study the effect of hydrogen peroxide on the activity of antioxidant enzymes, pigments’ content and productivity of winter wheat in order to determine the biochemical mechanisms of induced winter wheat plant resistance during ontogenesis in the fi eld. Methods. The study of physiological and biochemical parameters were carried out on winter wheat varieties of the wooded steppe (Poliska 90) and steppe (Skala) ecotypes at the tillering and fl owering phases. The experimental plants were foliar treated with hydrogen peroxide (Н 2 О 2 ) in concentration of 1∙10 –1 M twice, with a 3-day-interval, while the control ones – with distilled water. Spraying of plants was performed at spring (tillering phase). Lipid peroxidation (LPO) was determined as the formation of a peroxidation end product — malondialdehyde, which content was determined as the extinction of its condensation product with thiobarbituric acid. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was determined by a method based on the ability of SOD to inhibit nitroblue tetrazolium recovery by superoxide radicals in the light in the presence of ribofl avin and methionine. The activity of catalase was calculated using the extinction coeffi cient of − 39.4 mM –1 cm –1 . Results. It was established that after 24 h of hydrogen peroxide treatment the processes of lipid peroxidation were intensifi ed and antioxidant enzymes’ activity was decreased in two varieties. In the next phase of ontogenesis (fl owering) antioxidant enzymes’ activity increased in both varieties: Poliska 90 and Skala, which suppressed the LPO growth. Conclusion. Treatment of plants with hydrogen peroxide promoted the formation of non-specifi c plant resistance and increased grain productivity of winter wheat varieties investigated.

scholarly journals Antioxidant enzymes activity in ‘Castel Gala’ apple trees after the budbreak inducers application

2021 ◽  
pp. 1051-1057
Author(s):  
Léo Omar Duarte Marques ◽  
Caroline Hernke Thiel ◽  
Gabrielle Leivas de Leivas ◽  
Sidnei Deuner ◽  
Mateus da Silveira Pasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Enzymes Activity

Since antioxidant enzymes activity affects the end of dormancy stage, it is important to understand the responses given by antioxidant enzymes and their roles in budbreak induction in temperate fruit trees. This research aimed at evaluating the antioxidant enzymes activity at the end of budbreak stage after the inducers application to ‘Castel Gala’ apple trees and their performance in budbreak and blooming. Seven treatments were carried out: Erger® 3% + calcium nitrate 5%; Erger® 5% + calcium nitrate 5%; Erger® 7% + calcium nitrate 5%; garlic extract (GE) 5% + mineral oil (MO) 2%; GE 10% + MO 2%; GE 15% + MO 2%; and the control. Buds were collected one, four and seven days after the application (DAA) of budbreak inducers, and activity of the following enzymes was determined by: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Besides that, hydrogen peroxide was quantified. Percentages of budbreak and blooming were evaluated at 32th, 40 th, 45 th and 52 th DAA. The results showed that SOD activity had increased as the dormancy stage reached its end. CAT activity was influenced by the application of budbreak inducers. It decreased significantly throughout the experiment in the most efficient treatment. Percentages of budbreak (61.85%) and blooming (25.44%) showed the highest efficiency in the treatment with Erger® 7% + calcium nitrate 5%, which was the inducer with the highest potential in ‘Castel Gala’ apple trees

Cereals frost resistance correlates with an integral indicators of content of low-molecular-weight protective compounds and activity of antioxidant enzymes

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-86
Author(s):  
O. I. Horielova ◽  
◽  
N. I. Ryabchun ◽  
M. A. Shkliarevskyi ◽  
A. M. Reznik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽  
Adult Plants

Along with specific adaptive reactions, universal defense reactions, in particular activation of antioxidant system, are of great importance for plant survival under cold conditions. We have studied a relationship among the content of low-molecular-weight protective compounds with antioxidant properties (proline, soluble carbohydrates, flavonoids), the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and guaiacol peroxidase) in seedlings of winter wheat, rye and triticale, and frost resistance of etiolated seedlings and adult plants at tillering stage. It was found that there was a fairly close correlation between the frost resistance of seedlings and adult cereal plants (r = 0,78). It was shown that a pronounced relationship between individual indicators of antioxidant system functioning in unhardened seedlings and their frost resistance was not found. After 6-day hardening of seedlings at 2-4°C, there was a high correlation between the total indicator of the enzymatic antioxidant system (the sum of normalized indicators of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase activity) and their frost resistance (r = 0,86), but the correlation coefficient of this index with frost resistance of plants in tillering phase was significantly lower (r = 0,47). At the same time, a high correlation was found between the content of low-molecular-weight protectors in hardened seedlings and frost resistance of tillering adult plants (r = 0.89). The closest correlation was observed between the integral normalized indicator, comprising the sum of normalized values of antioxidant enzymes activity and the content of low-molecular-weight protectors in hardened seedlings, and frost resistance of seedlings (r = 0,94) and plants in tillering phase (r = 0,89). A presence of specific features in the functioning of antioxidant system during cold adaptation of cereal seedlings was established. Rye is characterized by a high content of low-molecular-weight protective compounds; at the same time, increased activity of antioxidant enzymes - superoxide dismutase and catalase - was noted in wheat seedlings. In triticale, depending on the genotype, the values of both enzymatic antioxidant activity and the content of low-molecular-weight protectors varied.

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