scholarly journals Protective Effect of Alpha-Lipoic Acid on Salivary Dysfunction in a Mouse Model of Radioiodine Therapy-Induced Sialoadenitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 4136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Hwa Jung ◽  
Jin Hyun Kim ◽  
Myeong Hee Jung ◽  
Seung Won Kim ◽  
Bae Kwon Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Alpha Lipoic Acid ◽  
99Mtc Pertechnetate ◽  
Group I

Radioiodine (RI) therapy is known to cause salivary gland (SG) dysfunction. The effects of antioxidants on RI-induced SG damage have not been well described. This study was performed to investigate the radioprotective effects of alpha lipoic acid (ALA) administered prior to RI therapy in a mouse model of RI-induced sialadenitis. Four-week-old female C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups (n = 10 per group): group I, normal control; group II, ALA alone (100 mg/kg); group III, RI alone (0.01 mCi/g body weight, orally); and group IV, ALA + RI (ALA at 100 mg/kg, 24 h and 30 min before RI exposure at 0.01 mCi/g body weight). The animals in these groups were divided into two subgroups and euthanized at 30 or 90 days post-RI treatment. Changes in salivary 99mTc pertechnetate uptake and excretion were tracked by single-photon emission computed tomography. Salivary histological examinations and TUNEL assays were performed. The 99mTc pertechnetate excretion level recovered in the ALA treatment group. Salivary epithelial (aquaporin 5) cells of the ALA + RI group were protected from RI damage. The ALA + RI group exhibited more mucin-containing parenchyma and less fibrotic tissues than the RI only group. Fewer apoptotic cells were observed in the ALA + RI group compared to the RI only group. Pretreatment with ALA before RI therapy is potentially beneficial in protecting against RI-induced salivary dysfunction.

Cerebrovascular Hemodynamics in Arteriovenous Malformation Complicated by Normal Perfusion Pressure Breakthrough

Neurosurgery ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Hunt Batjer ◽  
Michael D. Devous ◽  
Yves J. Meyer ◽  
Phillip D. Purdy ◽  
Duke S. Samson
Keyword(s):  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Therapeutic Embolization ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Ipsilateral Hemisphere ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Normal Perfusion Pressure Breakthrough ◽  
Photon Emission Computed Tomography

Abstract Catastrophic hyperemic states are known complications after the treatment of certain types of intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). A case is presented in which a large AVM was preoperatively embolized and later resected. There was clear intra- and postoperative evidence of edema and hemorrhage, which resulted in a fatal outcome. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) data from this patient obtained with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) both before and after embolization were compared with data from four patients with similar size supratentorial AVMs treated and studied in a similar protocol who did not develop perfusion breakthrough. Pretreatment hemispheric rCBF was significantly reduced in this patient's ipsilateral hemisphere (50 ml/100 g/min) compared to the control group mean (83 ± 9.5 ml/100 g/min). A similar relative depression was found in the contralateral hemisphere. After therapeutic embolization, the ipsilateral rCBF increased by 33 ml/100 g/min and the contralateral hemispheric rCBF increased by 30 ml/100 g/min; this embolization-induced increase in rCBF was significantly higher than in the control group. Acetazolamide, known to increase rCBF in normal tissue by 35 ± 3%, resulted in a 56% augmentation of ipsilateral hemispheric flow before embolization in the reported patient vs. a 22 ± 10% increase for the control group. Postembolization, this hyperresponsiveness to acetazolamide remained unchanged. It is possible that these hemodynamic derangements may indicate a dissociation between the vasoconstrictive and vasodilatory reactivity in chronically hypoperfused territories adjacent to AVMs such that pharmacological or metabolic stimuli may induce further vasodilation, but sudden redistribution of large volumes of flow will not promote protective vasoconstriction. (Neurosurgery 22:503-509, 1988)

scholarly journals Clinical usefulness of dopamine transporter SPECT imaging with 123I-FP-CIT in patients with possible dementia with Lewy bodies: Randomised study

2015 ◽  
Vol 206 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuzana Walker ◽  
Emilio Moreno ◽  
Alan Thomas ◽  
Fraser Inglis ◽  
Naji Tabet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dementia With Lewy Bodies ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Randomised Study ◽  
Spect Scan ◽  
Work Up

BackgroundDementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is underrecognised in clinical settings.AimsTo investigate whether performing a 123I-ioflupane injection (123I-FP-CIT also called DaTSCANTM) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scan in patients with possible DLB would lead to a more certain diagnosis (probable DLB or non-DLB dementia).MethodWe randomised 187 patients with possible DLB 2:1 to have a scan or not (control group). The outcome measure was a change in diagnosis to probable DLB or non-DLB.ResultsThere were 56 controls and 114 scanned patients, of whom 43% had an abnormal scan. More patients in the imaging group had a change in diagnosis compared with controls at 8 and 24 weeks (61% (n = 70) v. 4% (n = 2) and 71% (n = 77) v. 16% (n = 9); both P<0.0001). Clinicians were more likely to change the diagnosis if the scan was abnormal (82%) than if it was normal (46%).ConclusionsImaging significantly contributed to a more certain diagnosis, proving to be a useful adjunct in the work-up of patients with possible DLB.

scholarly journals Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography Image-Assisted Diagnosis of Thyroid Diseases under Convolutional Network Neural Algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Shaobo Chen ◽  
Yinzhen Pi ◽  
Haiyan Gong ◽  
Huaijun Wang ◽  
Shu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Single Photon Emission Computed ◽  
Visual Index ◽  
Photon Emission Computed Tomography

The aim of this study was to investigate the value of single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) based on the convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm in thyroid diseases. Thirty-five patients with thyroid disease from the hospital were selected as the observation group, and another 35 healthy volunteers were selected as the control group. The constructed model of SPECT based on the CNN algorithm was compared with the backpropagation neural network (BPNN) algorithm, which was then applied to the SPECT of 35 patients with thyroid disease. It turned out that as the number of iterations increased, the parameter training of CNN was gradually sufficient, the network model was continuously optimized, and the accuracy gradually increased. From the data results, the Dice value of the proposed CNN algorithm was higher than that of the BPNN algorithm and the segmentation effect was relatively good. The visual index of the thyroid/neck of the observation group (2.68 ± 1.32) was remarkably inferior to that of the control group (12.347.54) ( P < 0.05 ). The visual index of the thyroid/submandibular gland in the observation group (1.02 ± 0.41) was remarkably inferior to that of the control group (8.89 ± 4.86) ( P < 0.05 ). The visual index of the thyroid/parotid gland in the observation group (1.04 ± 0.58) was remarkably inferior to that of the control group (8.53 ± 4.25) ( P < 0.05 ). In addition, 99mTcO4-SPECT had a sensitivity of 95.2%, a specificity of 90.3%, and an accuracy of 91.5% in the diagnosis of thyroid diseases. The area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve for 99mTcO4-SPECT diagnosis of thyroid disease is 0.958, and the 95% confidence interval is 0.834∼1. In summary, the SPECT based on the CNN algorithm proposed in this study has a good segmentation effect and can accurately locate the anatomical information of thyroid diseases, which can replace the traditional diagnostic methods for the diagnosis of thyroid diseases.

scholarly journals Pemberian alpha lipoic acid per oral dan latihan fisik intensitas sedang menurunkan berat badan dan lemak abodminal lebih banyak daripada latihan fisik intensitas sedang saja pada tikus Wistar jantan dengan obesitas

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aji B. Chandra ◽  
Alex Pangkahila ◽  
Wimpie Pangkahila
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alpha Lipoic Acid ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Visceral Abdominal Fat ◽  
Per Oral

Abstract: This study was aimed to prove that oral administration of ALA and moderate physical exercise decrease body weight and abdominal fat more than moderate physical exercise only in obese male Wistar rats. This was a true experimental study with a post-test only control group design. Subjects were 30 Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus), male, healthy, aged 4-5 months, and obese with minimum weight of 250 g, divided into 3 groups, as follows: 1) P0, the control group with no treatment; 2) P1, given moderate physical exercise (swimming for 20 minutes/day, for 4 weeks); 3) P2, given moderate physical exercise and ALA per oral 15 mg/day for 4 weeks. The results showed that the average body weight after 4 weeks of treatment of P0 group was 279.10±5.84 g; of P1 group was 257.90±10.31 g; and of P2 group was 213.90±8.92 g (P < 0.01). The mean weight of subcutaneous abdominal fat of P0 group was 0.96±0.45 g; of P1 group was 0.63±0.31 g; and of P2 group was 0.40±0.23 g (P < 0.01 ). Moreover, the mean weight of visceral abdominal fat of P0 group was 1.23±0.37 g; of P1 group was 0.83±0.24 g; and of P2 group was 0.39±0.25 g (P < 0,01). Conclusion: Oral administration of ALA and moderate physical exercise decrease body weight, subcutaneous abdominal fat, and visceral abdominal fat more than moderate physical exercise only in obese male Wistar rats.Keywords: alpha lipoic acid, obesity, body weight, abdominal fatAbstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan bahwa pemberian ALA per oral yang dikombinasi dengan latihan fisik intensitas sedang menurunkan berat badan, lemak subkutan abdominal, dan lemak viseral abdominal lebih banyak daripada latihan fisik intensitas sedang saja pada tikus Wistar jantan dengan obesitas. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental murni dengan post-test only control group design. Subjek penelitian ialah 30 ekor tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) jantan, galur Wistar, sehat, usia 4-5 bulan, dan obes dengan berat badan minimal 250 g yang terbagi menjadi tiga kelompok masing-masing berjumlah 10 ekor tikus, yaitu: P0 (kelompok kontrol), tidak mendapat perlakuan apapun; P1, kelompok perlakuan 1 yang diberikan latihan fisik intensitas sedang (renang durasi 20 menit/hari selama 4 minggu); dan P2, kelompok perlakuan 2 yang diberikan latihan fisik intensitas sedang serta ALA per oral dengan dosis 15mg/hari selama 4 minggu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rerata berat badan setelah 4 minggu perlakuan pada kelompok P0 ialah 279,10±5,84 gr; pada kelompok P1 257,90±10,31 gr; dan pada kelompok P2 213,90±8,92 gr (P < 0,01). Rerata berat lemak subkutan abdominal pada kelompok P0 ialah 0,96±0,45 gr; pada kelompok P1 0,63±0,31 gr; dan pada kelompok P2 0,40±0,23 gr (P < 0,01). Selain itu, rerata berat lemak viseral abdominal pada kelompok P0 ialah 1,23±0,37 gr; pada kelompok P1 0,83±0,24 gr; dan pada kelompok P2 0,39±0,25 gr (P < 0,01). Simpulan: Pemberian ALA per oral dengan latihan fisik intensitas sedang dapat menurunkan berat badan, lemak subkutan abdominal, dan lemak viseral abdominal lebih banyak daripada latihan fisik intensitas sedang saja pada tikus Wistar jantan dengan obesitasKata kunci: alpha lipoic acid, obesitas, berat badan, lemak abdominal

scholarly journals Diagnostic Value of Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography Scans with Tc-99m HDP in Cervicogenic Headache

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 399
Author(s):  
Pyung Goo Cho ◽  
Tae Woo Kim ◽  
Gyu Yeul Ji ◽  
Sang Hyuk Park ◽  
Mi Jin Yun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Cervicogenic Headache ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Single Photon Emission ◽  
Emission Computed ◽  
Single Photon Emission Computed ◽  
Photon Emission Computed Tomography

A cervicogenic headache (CEH) is difficult to diagnose due to its varied pathology. We evaluated the usefulness of single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) in diagnosing CEH and its interventional treatment. Retrospectively, 23 patients diagnosed with CEH between March 2016 to August 2018 were allocated to SPECT/CT (n = 11) and control (n = 12) groups. The SPECT/CT group was further stratified into SPECT/CT(+) and SPECT/CT(-) groups according to the presence of positive findings. Patients in the SPECT/CT group underwent an intra-articular injection at a radiologically verified lesion site, whereas those in the control group underwent third occipital nerve block. Clinical outcomes were evaluated with the visual analog scale (VAS), neck disability index (NDI), and global perceived effect (GPE) scale at baseline, and at one, three, and six months postoperatively. The SPECT/CT group showed less VAS, NDI, and GPE scores at six months postoperatively (2.91 ± 2.30 vs. 4.42 ± 1.62, p = 0.08; 38.00 ± 16.54 vs. 48.7 ± 12.40, p = 0.093; 2.00 ± 1.41 vs. 3.17 ± 1.11, p = 0.039). Successful responders at six months postoperatively were higher in the SPECT/CT(+) group than in the control group (75% vs. 0%). SPECT/CT can identify arthritic changes and accurately define therapeutic targets.

Antioxidants Supplementation In Acute Amitriptyline Abuse for Pain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hameed Kadar Ali S ◽  
Wasim Ali Raja K ◽  
IRFAN Navabshan ◽  
Mohammad Habeeb ◽  
Ismail Y
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Alpha Lipoic Acid ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group I

Abstract The fundamental aim of this study is to establish the role of anti-oxidant supplementation in alleviating acute amitriptyline induced oxidative stress. The effect of supplementation was compared on treatment of acute amitriptyline intoxication cases for pain management, with Alpha lipoic acid (ALA) alone or with vitamin C, with that of healthy individuals (Group I), and those receiving only routine standard treatment (RST) as control (Group II). Total of 132 human subjects divided into 5 groups were supplemented with either placebo, RST, RST with Vitamin C, RST with ALA, or RST with Vitamin C and ALA. Results of this study revealed that the decrease in the level of oxidative stress and enzyme activity was observed among those supplemented with either Alpha lipoic acid alone or along with vitamin C, with a slightly more decrease in the latter group. P value < 0.001 was considered statistically significant. The percentage of benefit of treatment on supplementation with vitamin C and Alpha lipoic acid showed a marked increase in-group V cases after supplementation with both in combination. The results provided that the oxidative stress induced by acute amitriptyline poisoning is comparatively decreased by supplementation with antioxidants like Alpha lipoic acid and Vitamin C, than those only on routine standard treatment.

scholarly journals Sequential motor task (Luria's Fist-Edge-Palm Test) in children with benign focal epilepsy of childhood with centrotemporal spikes

2013 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 380-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Silvia Molleis Galego Miziara ◽  
Maria Luiza Giraldes de Manreza ◽  
Leticia Mansur ◽  
Umbertina Conti Reed ◽  
Carlos Alberto Buchpiguel
Keyword(s):  
School Performance ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Focal Epilepsy ◽  
Epileptiform Activity ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Significant Difference

This study evaluated the sequential motor manual actions in children with benign focal epilepsy of childhood with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS) and compares the results with matched control group, through the application of Luria's fist-edge-palm test. The children with BECTS underwent interictal single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and School Performance Test (SPT). Significant difference occurred between the study and control groups for manual motor action through three equal and three different movements. Children with lower school performance had higher error rate in the imitation of hand gestures. Another factor significantly associated with the failure was the abnormality in SPECT. Children with BECTS showed abnormalities in the test that evaluated manual motor programming/planning. This study may suggest that the functional changes related to epileptiform activity in rolandic region interfere with the executive function in children with BECTS.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Effects of the Combination of Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) and Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Eman Aly Khalifa ◽  
Ahmed Nabil Ahmed ◽  
Khalid Shaaban Hashem ◽  
Ahmad Gad Allah
Keyword(s):  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Coenzyme Q10 ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Prophylactic Effect ◽  
Alpha Lipoic Acid ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Background. Nephrotoxicity of cisplatin has been recognized since its introduction more than 25 years ago. However, despite intense efforts to develop less toxic and equally effective alternatives, cisplatin continues to be widely prescribed. Aim and Objectives. The study is aimed at assessing the possible prophylactic effect of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) (separately or in combination) on experimentally cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Subjects and Methods. An experimental study was performed on adult male albino rats (n = 40), weighing 200–250 g. Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: group I (normal saline control), group II (cisplatin control), group III (CoQ10 and cisplatin), group IV (ALA and cisplatin), and group V (CoQ10, ALA, and cisplatin). CoQ10 and/or ALA were given as pretreatment for 9 days, followed by cisplatin injection in the 10th day of the study, followed by a short posttreatment course for 3 days. Renal functions, tissue antioxidant activity, and inflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor, TNF) were estimated along with histopathological study. Results. Renal function tests and urinary proteins were significantly higher within group II compared with other groups (P value <0.001). Creatinine clearance was significantly higher with combination therapy (group V compared to other groups). Both TNF and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly higher within group II whereas GSH content, catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly lower in group II. MDA level was significantly lower when combination therapy was used. Marked renal damage was histologically detected in the cisplatin group, whereas the least renal damage was noticed in the combination group. Conclusion. The study confirmed the role of antioxidants in preventing nephrotoxicity caused by cisplatin; the prophylactic effect of combined therapy with CoQ10 and ALA is superior to that of monotherapy.

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