scholarly journals Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation for the Reduction of Oxidative Stress: Clinical Implications in the Treatment of Chronic Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 7870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Miguel Gutierrez-Mariscal ◽  
Antonio Pablo Arenas-de Larriva ◽  
Laura Limia-Perez ◽  
Juan Luis Romero-Cabrera ◽  
Elena Maria Yubero-Serrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Coenzyme Q10 ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Coq10 Supplementation

Apart from its main function in the mitochondria as a key element in electron transport, Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) has been described as having multiple functions, such as oxidant action in the generation of signals and the control of membrane structure and phospholipid and cellular redox status. Among these, the most relevant and most frequently studied function is the potent antioxidant capability of its coexistent redox forms. Different clinical trials have investigated the effect of CoQ10 supplementation and its ability to reduce oxidative stress. In this review, we focused on recent advances in CoQ10 supplementation, its role as an antioxidant, and the clinical implications that this entails in the treatment of chronic diseases, in particular cardiovascular diseases, kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and neurodegenerative diseases. As an antioxidant, CoQ10 has proved to be of potential use as a treatment in diseases in which oxidative stress is a hallmark, and beneficial effects of CoQ10 have been reported in the treatment of chronic diseases. However, it is crucial to reach a consensus on the optimal dose and the use of different formulations, which vary from ubiquinol or ubiquinone Ubisol-Q10 or Qter®, to new analogues such as MitoQ, before we can draw a clear conclusion about its clinical use. In addition, a major effort must be made to demonstrate its beneficial effects in clinical trials, with a view to making the implementation of CoQ10 possible in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Trehalose for Ocular Surface Health

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 809
Author(s):  
Jarmo Laihia ◽  
Kai Kaarniranta
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Stress Protein ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Protein Clearance ◽  
Ocular Surface Health

Trehalose is a natural disaccharide synthesized in various life forms, but not found in vertebrates. An increasing body of evidence demonstrates exceptional bioprotective characteristics of trehalose. This review discusses the scientific findings on potential functions of trehalose in oxidative stress, protein clearance, and inflammation, with an emphasis on animal models and clinical trials in ophthalmology. The main objective is to help understand the beneficial effects of trehalose in clinical trials and practice, especially in patients suffering from ocular surface disease. The discussion is supplemented with an overview of patents for the use of trehalose in dry eye and with prospects for the 2020s.

Wild bitter gourd protects against alcoholic fatty liver in mice by attenuating oxidative stress and inflammatory responses

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1027-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuan-Hung Lu ◽  
Hui-Chun Tseng ◽  
Chun-Ting Liu ◽  
Ching-Jang Huang ◽  
Jong-Ho Chyuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Bitter Gourd ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Ethanol extracts of wild bitter gourd cultivars, Hualien No. 3′ and No. 4′, possessed beneficial effects against alcoholic fatty liver in mice.

scholarly journals Beneficial Effects of Coenzyme Q10 in Reduction of Testicular Tissue Alteration Following Induction of Diabetes in Adult Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davoud Kianifard ◽  
Farhad Rezaee
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Coenzyme Q10 ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Sperm Analysis ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Positive Effects

AbstractBackground and Aims: Various types of infertility are associated with uncontrolled hyperglycemia and diabetes. Development of oxidative stress is one the most important factors in the alteration of spermatogenesis in diabetic conditions. Consequently, the reduction of oxidative stress with antioxidant compounds can be effective in the reduction of tissue alterations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of coenzyme Q10 in improvement of spermatogenesis in adult diabetic rats. Material and Methods: 32 adult rats were divided into four groups of control and treatment. Coenzyme Q10 (10 mg/kg body weight - b.w.) was administrated to one control and one diabetic (intraperitoneal injection of 45 mg/kg b.w. of Streptozotocin) groups. Blood concentrations of FSH, LH and Testosterone were measured. Histology of testicular tissue and sperm analysis were considered for evaluation of spermatogenesis. Results: Administration of Coenzyme Q10 led to increase of pituitary gonadotropins levels in diabetic rats. Testosterone levels were not changed significantly. Testicular morphology, spermatogenic indices and sperm analysis were improved in treated diabetic rats. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that the use of Coenzyme Q10 has positive effects in reduction of spermatogenic alterations following induction of experimental diabetes in rats.

scholarly journals Coenzyme Q10 supplementation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an overview

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
David Mantle ◽  
Iain P Hargreaves
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Coenzyme Q10 ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Liver Disorder ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disorder in the UK, for which little effective conventional treatment is available. Mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation have been implicated in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. This article focuses on the role of the vitamin-like substance coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in NAFLD, since CoQ10 plays a key role in mitochondrial function, as well as having antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action. CoQ10 levels are depleted in NAFLD, and studies in animal models and human subjects have indicated that supplementation with CoQ10 can significantly reduce oxidative stress and the inflammation characteristic of NAFLD. In addition, NAFLD patients are at increased risk of developing heart failure, and supplementary CoQ10 may help to reduce this risk. Supplementary CoQ10 is generally well tolerated, with no significant adverse effects reported in long-term use.

scholarly journals Ticagrelor Increases SIRT1 and HES1 mRNA Levels in Peripheral Blood Cells from Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Aquila ◽  
Francesco Vieceli Dalla Sega ◽  
Luisa Marracino ◽  
Rita Pavasini ◽  
Laura Sofia Cardelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Stable Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Stable Cad ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Ticagrelor is a powerful P2Y12 inhibitor with pleiotropic effects in the cardiovascular system. Consistently, we have reported that in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) and concomitant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), 1-month treatment with ticagrelor was superior in improving biological markers of endothelial function, compared with clopidogrel. The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanisms underlying these beneficial effects of ticagrelor by conducting molecular analyses of RNA isolated from peripheral blood cells of these patients. We determined mRNAs levels of markers of inflammation and oxidative stress, such as RORγt (T helper 17 cells marker), FoxP3 (regulatory T cells marker), NLRP3, ICAM1, SIRT1, Notch ligands JAG1 and DLL4, and HES1, a Notch target gene. We found that 1-month treatment with ticagrelor, but not clopidogrel, led to increased levels of SIRT1 and HES1 mRNAs. In patients treated with ticagrelor or clopidogrel, we observed a negative correlation among changes in both SIRT1 and HES1 mRNA and serum levels of Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF), a marker of endothelial dysfunction found to be reduced by ticagrelor treatment in our previous study. In conclusion, we report that in stable CAD/COPD patients ticagrelor positively regulates HES1 and SIRT1, two genes playing a protective role in the context of inflammation and oxidative stress. Our observations confirm and expand previous studies showing that the beneficial effects of ticagrelor in stable CAD/COPD patients may be, at least in part, mediated by its capacity to reduce systemic inflammation and oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Human studies with probiotics and prebiotics: clinical implications

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (S2) ◽  
pp. S241-S246 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Saavedra ◽  
A. Tschernia
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effects ◽  
Systemic Immune Response ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Gastrointestinal Conditions ◽  
Nutritional Strategies

Probiotic agents have been shown to have significant clinical beneficial effects in the prevention and management of gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal conditions. These observations have led to work demonstrating that an important mechanism of these agents is their close interaction with the gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) and suggested immunomodulatory effects on systemic immune response. Studies on the possibility thatprebiotic agents might directly or indirectly induce similar immunomodulation have only recently begun. The preliminary findings of several recent human clinical trials reviewed in this article indicate that prebiotics may indeed prove to be a clinically beneficial dietary supplement, in the context of novel nutritional strategies for the management of gastrointestinal and systemic conditions.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Diabetic Retinopathy

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renu A. Kowluru ◽  
Pooi-See Chan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Oxygen Metabolism ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Oxygen metabolism is essential for sustaining aerobic life, and normal cellular homeostasis works on a fine balance between the formation and elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oxidative stress, a cytopathic consequence of excessive production of ROS and the suppression of ROS removal by antioxidant defense system, is implicated in the development of many diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, and diabetes and its complications. Retinopathy, a debilitating microvascular complication of diabetes, is the leading cause of acquired blindness in developed countries. Many diabetes-induced metabolic abnormalities are implicated in its development, and appear to be influenced by elevated oxidative stress; however the exact mechanism of its development remains elusive. Increased superoxide concentration is considered as a causal link between elevated glucose and the other metabolic abnormalities important in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. Animal studies have shown that antioxidants have beneficial effects on the development of retinopathy, but the results from very limited clinical trials are somewhat ambiguous. Although antioxidants are being used for other chronic diseases, controlled clinical trials are warranted to investigate potential beneficial effects of antioxidants in the development of retinopathy in diabetic patients.

scholarly journals Coenzyme Q10 and Degenerative Disorders Affecting Longevity: An Overview

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Mantle ◽  
Iain Hargreaves
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Coenzyme Q10 ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Degenerative Disorders ◽  
Coq10 Supplementation ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Longevity is determined by a number of factors, including genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors. A major factor affecting longevity is the development of degenerative disorders such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, kidney disease and liver disease, particularly where these occur as co-morbidities. In this article, we review the potential role of supplementation with coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) for the prevention or management of these disorders. Thus, randomised controlled clinical trials have shown supplementation with CoQ10 or CoQ10 plus selenium reduces mortality by approximately 50% in patients with cardiovascular disease, or in the normal elderly population, respectively. Similarly, CoQ10 supplementation improves glycaemic control and vascular dysfunction in type II diabetes, improves renal function in patients with chronic kidney disease, and reduces liver inflammation in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The beneficial role of supplemental CoQ10 in the above disorders is considered to result from a combination of its roles in cellular energy generation, as an antioxidant and as an anti-inflammatory agent.

scholarly journals Serum levels of antioxidants and its supplementation in people living with HIV: integrative review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Aline Roberta Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Patricia Dias de Brito
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Living With Hiv

Objective: To conduct an integrative review of serum levels of antioxidants and the effects of their supplementation on people living with HIV (PLHIV). Methods: A research was performed in the electronic databases LILACS and MEDLINE, using the descriptors "HIV" AND "antioxidants"; 110 publications were identified, 92 of which were available in the MEDLINE database and 3 in the LILACS database. After applying the exclusion criteria, 8 articles were selected for final evaluation.Results: The studies selected for the review were divided into 4 prospective observational studies and 4 clinical trials with supplementation of antioxidants or food sources of antioxidants. We observed that the initiation of antiretroviral therapy and its prolonged use negatively influenced the parameters of oxidative stress, and that deficiency of antioxidants was associated with more significant damage to mitochondrial DNA. Supplementation of foods that are sources of antioxidants, such as dark chocolate and spirulina, has had beneficial effects on serum lipids and antioxidant capacity. Conclusion: Clinical trials with a more robust methodology, supplementation of isolated nutrients, for more extended periods of intervention, and with the assessment of food consumption are necessary to elucidate their effects on oxidative stress in PLHIV faced with factors such as the use of antiretroviral therapy and changes in metabolic rates of this population.

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