scholarly journals Heat Stress Responses and Thermotolerance in Maize

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 948
Author(s):  
Zhaoxia Li ◽  
Stephen H. Howell
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Rna Splicing ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Heat Stress Response ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Heat Shock Responses

High temperatures causing heat stress disturb cellular homeostasis and impede growth and development in plants. Extensive agricultural losses are attributed to heat stress, often in combination with other stresses. Plants have evolved a variety of responses to heat stress to minimize damage and to protect themselves from further stress. A narrow temperature window separates growth from heat stress, and the range of temperatures conferring optimal growth often overlap with those producing heat stress. Heat stress induces a cytoplasmic heat stress response (HSR) in which heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) activate a constellation of genes encoding heat shock proteins (HSPs). Heat stress also induces the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized unfolded protein response (UPR), which activates transcription factors that upregulate a different family of stress response genes. Heat stress also activates hormone responses and alternative RNA splicing, all of which may contribute to thermotolerance. Heat stress is often studied by subjecting plants to step increases in temperatures; however, more recent studies have demonstrated that heat shock responses occur under simulated field conditions in which temperatures are slowly ramped up to more moderate temperatures. Heat stress responses, assessed at a molecular level, could be used as traits for plant breeders to select for thermotolerance.

scholarly journals The plant MBF1 protein family: a bridge between stress and transcription

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 1782-1791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiola Jaimes-Miranda ◽  
Ricardo A Chávez Montes
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Protein Family ◽  
Molecular Function ◽  
Developmental Processes ◽  
Heat Stress Response ◽  
Amount Of Information

Abstract The Multiprotein Bridging Factor 1 (MBF1) proteins are transcription co-factors whose molecular function is to form a bridge between transcription factors and the basal machinery of transcription. MBF1s are present in most archaea and all eukaryotes, and numerous reports show that they are involved in developmental processes and in stress responses. In this review we summarize almost three decades of research on the plant MBF1 family, which has mainly focused on their role in abiotic stress responses, in particular the heat stress response. However, despite the amount of information available, there are still many questions that remain about how plant MBF1 genes, transcripts, and proteins respond to stress, and how they in turn modulate stress response transcriptional pathways.

scholarly journals A Heat Stress Responsive NAC Transcription Factor Heterodimer Plays Key Roles in Rice Grain Filling

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Ren ◽  
Zhouquan Huang ◽  
Hao Jiang ◽  
Zhuo Wang ◽  
Fengsheng Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Transcriptional Regulatory Network ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Nac Transcription Factor ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Heat Stress Response

AbstractHigh temperature often leads to the failure of grain filling in rice (Oryza sativa) to cause yield loss, while the mechanism is not well elucidated yet. Here, we report that two seed-specific NAM/ATAF/CUC domain transcription factors, ONAC127 and ONAC129, are responsive to heat stress and involved in the grain filling process of rice. ONAC127 and ONAC129 are dominantly expressed in the pericarp and can form a heterodimer during rice grain filling. CRISPR/Cas9 induced mutants and overexpression lines were then generated to investigate the functions of these two transcription factors. Interestingly, both knock-out and overexpression plants showed incomplete grain filling and shrunken grains, which became more severe under heat stress. Transcriptome analysis revealed that ONAC127 and ONAC129 mainly regulate stimulus response and nutrient transport. ChIP-seq analysis identified that the direct targets of ONAC127 and ONAC129 in developing rice seeds include monosaccharide transporter OsMST6, sugar transporter OsSWEET4, calmodulin-like protein OsMSR2 and AP2/ERF factor OsEATB. These results suggest that ONAC127 and ONAC129 may regulate grain filling through affecting sugar transportation and abiotic stress responses. Overall, this study demonstrates a transcriptional regulatory network involving ONAC127 and ONAC129 and coordinating multiple pathways to modulate seed development and heat stress response at rice reproductive stage.HighlightA NAC transcription factor heterodimer plays vital roles in heat stress response and sugar transportation at rice grain filling stage.

scholarly journals Genome-wide identification and analysis of the heat shock transcription factor family in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Huang ◽  
Zhinuo Huang ◽  
Ruifang Ma ◽  
Jialu Chen ◽  
Zhijun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Moso Bamboo ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Heat Stress Response ◽  
Regulatory Pathways

AbstractHeat shock transcription factors (HSFs) are central elements in the regulatory network that controls plant heat stress response. They are involved in multiple transcriptional regulatory pathways and play important roles in heat stress signaling and responses to a variety of other stresses. We identified 41 members of the HSF gene family in moso bamboo, which were distributed non-uniformly across its 19 chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the moso bamboo HSF genes could be divided into three major subfamilies; HSFs from the same subfamily shared relatively conserved gene structures and sequences and encoded similar amino acids. All HSF genes contained HSF signature domains. Subcellular localization prediction indicated that about 80% of the HSF proteins were located in the nucleus, consistent with the results of GO enrichment analysis. A large number of stress response–associated cis-regulatory elements were identified in the HSF upstream promoter sequences. Synteny analysis indicated that the HSFs in the moso bamboo genome had greater collinearity with those of rice and maize than with those of Arabidopsis and pepper. Numerous segmental duplicates were found in the moso bamboo HSF gene family. Transcriptome data indicated that the expression of a number of PeHsfs differed in response to exogenous gibberellin (GA) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). A number of HSF genes were highly expressed in the panicles and in young shoots, suggesting that they may have functions in reproductive growth and the early development of rapidly-growing shoots. This study provides fundamental information on members of the bamboo HSF gene family and lays a foundation for further study of their biological functions in the regulation of plant responses to adversity.

scholarly journals Molecular Basis of the Defective Heat Stress Response in Mycobacterium leprae

2007 ◽  
Vol 189 (24) ◽  
pp. 8818-8827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana L. Williams ◽  
Tana L. Pittman ◽  
Mike Deshotel ◽  
Sandra Oby-Robinson ◽  
Issar Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Response ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Transcriptional Response ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Heat Stress Response ◽  
Regulatory Circuits ◽  
Shock Response

ABSTRACT Mycobacterium leprae, a major human pathogen, grows poorly at 37°C. The basis for its inability to survive at elevated temperatures was investigated. We determined that M. leprae lacks a protective heat shock response as a result of the lack of transcriptional induction of the alternative sigma factor genes sigE and sigB and the major heat shock operons, HSP70 and HSP60, even though heat shock promoters and regulatory circuits for these genes appear to be intact. M. leprae sigE was found to be capable of complementing the defective heat shock response of mycobacterial sigE knockout mutants only in the presence of a functional mycobacterial sigH, which orchestrates the mycobacterial heat shock response. Since the sigH of M. leprae is a pseudogene, these data support the conclusion that a key aspect of the defective heat shock response in M. leprae is the absence of a functional sigH. In addition, 68% of the genes induced during heat shock in M. tuberculosis were shown to be either absent from the M. leprae genome or were present as pseudogenes. Among these is the hsp/acr2 gene, whose product is essential for M. tuberculosis survival during heat shock. Taken together, these results suggest that the reduced ability of M. leprae to survive at elevated temperatures results from the lack of a functional transcriptional response to heat shock and the absence of a full repertoire of heat stress response genes, including sigH.

Heat stress response and heat stress transcription factors

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus-Dieter Scharf ◽  
Ingo Höhfeld ◽  
Lutz Nover
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Heat Stress Response ◽  
Heat Stress Transcription Factors

scholarly journals Heat-Stress Responses Differ among Species from Different ‘Bangia’ Clades of Bangiales (Rhodophyta)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1733
Author(s):  
Ho Viet Khoa ◽  
Puja Kumari ◽  
Hiroko Uchida ◽  
Akio Murakami ◽  
Satoshi Shimada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Red Alga ◽  
Heat Sensitivity ◽  
Heat Stress Response ◽  
Stress Memory ◽  
Response Strategies ◽  
Heat Stress Tolerance ◽  
Bangia Atropurpurea

The red alga ‘Bangia’ sp. ESS1, a ‘Bangia’ 2 clade member, responds to heat stress via accelerated asexual reproduction and acquires thermotolerance based on heat-stress memory. However, whether these strategies are specific to ‘Bangia’ 2, especially ‘Bangia’ sp. ESS1, or whether they are employed by all ‘Bangia’ species is currently unknown. Here, we examined the heat-stress responses of ‘Bangia’ sp. ESS2, a newly identified ‘Bangia’ clade 3 member, and Bangia atropurpurea. Intrinsic thermotolerance differed among species: Whereas ‘Bangia’ sp. ESS1 survived at 30 °C for 7 days, ‘Bangia’ sp. ESS2 and B. atropurpurea did not, with B. atropurpurea showing the highest heat sensitivity. Under sublethal heat stress, the release of asexual spores was highly repressed in ‘Bangia’ sp. ESS2 and completely repressed in B. atropurpurea, whereas it was enhanced in ‘Bangia’ sp. ESS1. ‘Bangia’ sp. ESS2 failed to acquire heat-stress tolerance under sublethal heat-stress conditions, whereas the acquisition of heat tolerance by priming with sublethal high temperatures was observed in both B. atropurpurea and ‘Bangia’ sp. ESS1. Finally, unlike ‘Bangia’ sp. ESS1, neither ‘Bangia’ sp. ESS2 nor B. atropurpurea acquired heat-stress memory. These findings provide insights into the diverse heat-stress response strategies among species from different clades of ‘Bangia’.

Heat stress response in plants: a complex game with chaperones and more than twenty heat stress transcription factors

2004 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Kumar Baniwal ◽  
Kapil Bharti ◽  
Kwan Yu Chan ◽  
Markus Fauth ◽  
Arnab Ganguli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Heat Stress Response ◽  
Heat Stress Transcription Factors

scholarly journals CDK5RAP3, a Novel Nucleoplasmic Shuttle, Deeply Regulates HSF1-Mediated Heat Stress Response and Protects Mammary Epithelial Cells from Heat Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 8400
Author(s):  
Yangyang Shen ◽  
Yan Zou ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Fanghui Chen ◽  
Honglin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Conditional Knockout ◽  
Physical Interaction ◽  
Heat Stress Response ◽  
Heat Injury

CDK5RAP3 was regarded as the most significant regulator of cellular responses against heat stress, which is associated with dysfunctions of the immune system and animal susceptibility to disease. Despite this, little known about how CDK5RAP3 regulates heat stress response. In this study, CDK5RAP3 conditional Knockout (CKO) mice, CDK5RAP3-/- mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) and bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) were used as an in vitro and in vivo model, respectively to reveal the role of CDK5RAP3 in regulating the heat stress response. The deletion of CDK5RAP3 unexpectedly caused animal lethality after 1.5-h heat stimulations. Furthermore, BMECs were re-cultured for eight hours after heat stress and was found that the expression of CDK5RAP3 and HSPs showed a similar fluctuating pattern of increase (0–2, 4–6 h) and decrease (2–4, 6–8 h). In addition to the remarkably enhanced expression of heat shock protein, apoptosis rate and endoplasmic reticulum stress, the deletion of CDK5RAP3 also affected nucleoplasmic translocation and trimer formation of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1). These programs were further confirmed in the mammary gland of CDK5RAP3 CKO mice and CDK5RAP3-/- MEFs as well. Interestingly, genetic silencing of HSF1 downregulated CDK5RAP3 expression in BMECs. Immunostaining and immunoprecipitation studies suggested a physical interaction between CDK5RAP3 and HSF1 being co-localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Besides, CDK5RAP3 also interacted with HSP90, suggesting an operative machinery at both transcriptional level and protein functionality of HSP90 per se. Together, our findings suggested that CDK5RAP3 works like a novel nucleoplasmic shuttle or molecular chaperone, deeply participating in HSF1-mediated heat stress response and protecting cells from heat injury.

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