scholarly journals Biomimetic Zirconia with Cactus-Inspired Meso-Scale Spikes and Nano-Trabeculae for Enhanced Bone Integration

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 7969
Author(s):  
Juri Saruta ◽  
Ryotaro Ozawa ◽  
Takahisa Okubo ◽  
Samira R. Taleghani ◽  
Manabu Ishijima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tetragonal Zirconia ◽  
Polished Surface ◽  
Textured Surface ◽  
Textured Surfaces ◽  
Average Roughness ◽  
Dimensional Error ◽  
Nano Scale ◽  
Bone Integration ◽  
Implant Integration ◽  
Meso Scale

Biomimetic design provides novel opportunities for enhancing and functionalizing biomaterials. Here we created a zirconia surface with cactus-inspired meso-scale spikes and bone-inspired nano-scale trabecular architecture and examined its biological activity in bone generation and integration. Crisscrossing laser etching successfully engraved 60 μm wide, cactus-inspired spikes on yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) with 200–300 nm trabecular bone-inspired interwoven structures on the entire surface. The height of the spikes was varied from 20 to 80 μm for optimization. Average roughness (Sa) increased from 0.10 μm (polished smooth surface) to 18.14 μm (80 μm-high spikes), while the surface area increased by up to 4.43 times. The measured dimensions of the spikes almost perfectly correlated with their estimated dimensions (R2 = 0.998). The dimensional error of forming the architecture was 1% as a coefficient of variation. Bone marrow-derived osteoblasts were cultured on a polished surface and on meso- and nano-scale hybrid textured surfaces with different spike heights. The osteoblastic differentiation was significantly promoted on the hybrid-textured surfaces compared with the polished surface, and among them the hybrid-textured surface with 40 μm-high spikes showed unparalleled performance. In vivo bone-implant integration also peaked when the hybrid-textured surface had 40 μm-high spikes. The relationships between the spike height and measures of osteoblast differentiation and the strength of bone and implant integration were non-linear. The controllable creation of meso- and nano-scale hybrid biomimetic surfaces established in this study may provide a novel technological platform and design strategy for future development of biomaterial surfaces to improve bone integration and regeneration.

Measuring and Quantifying the Surface-Roughness Anisotropy of Modeled and Industrially Produced Surfaces

2005 ◽  
Vol 6-8 ◽  
pp. 573-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.M. Wichern ◽  
W. Rasp
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Rolling Direction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Roughness Parameter ◽  
Orientation Angle ◽  
Textured Surface ◽  
Angular Orientation ◽  
Textured Surfaces ◽  
Average Roughness ◽  
Dimensional Surface

‘Three-dimensional surface profilometry’ when used for analysis and product specification reports roughness parameters that provide an average surface description over a relatively large area. Many commercial sheet steels are produced with special textured surfaces for tribological benefits or appearance benefits. These surfaces, as well as others, may demonstrate high levels of roughness anisotropy that is not quantifiable by simple three dimensional surface parameters. This anisotropy can play an important role in the surface appearance of the finished product and in the tribological behaviour during forming. The current work presents a method for quantifying surface-roughness features as a function of angular orientation with respect to rolling direction. The measurement methodology was applied to several model surfaces and one industrially produced electron-beam textured-surface (EBT). This methodology extracts multiple surface-height profiles of the same angular orientation from a single surface and calculates an average roughness parameter for the orientation angle based on the multiple profiles. Particularly interesting results were the large number of profiles necessary to obtain repeatable values for the roughness variation with respect to direction and the strong influence of surface feature size on the repeatability of said results. These results indicate that care must be taken when using a single extracted profile to represent a ‘three-dimensional’ surface.

Multiscale Analysis on Friction-Reducing Characteristics of Textured Surface in Nanoscale Sliding Contacts

2011 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 649-652
Author(s):  
Rui Ting Tong ◽  
Geng Liu ◽  
Lan Liu ◽  
Shang Jun Ma
Keyword(s):  
Copper Substrate ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Textured Surface ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Textured Surfaces ◽  
Sliding Contacts ◽  
Friction Forces ◽  
Surface Textures ◽  
Force Reduction ◽  
Face Centered

A multiscale method coupled molecular dynamics simulation and finite element method is used to investigate two dimensional nanoscale sliding contacts between a rigid cylindrical tip and an elastic face centered cubic copper substrate with textured surface, in which adhesive effects are considered. Two series of nanoscale surface textures with different asperity shape, different asperity heights and different spacing between asperities are designed. Through the friction forces comparisons between smooth surface and textured surfaces, a better shape is advised to indicate that asperity shape plays an important role in friction force reduction. With proper asperity height and proper spacing between asperities, surface textures can reduce friction forces effectively.

Comparison of the effect of foot orthoses on Star Excursion Balance Test performance in patients with chronic ankle instability

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faezeh Abbasi ◽  
Mahmood bahramizadeh ◽  
Mohammad Hadadi
Keyword(s):  
Ankle Sprain ◽  
Ankle Instability ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Chronic Ankle Instability ◽  
Textured Surface ◽  
Foot Orthoses ◽  
Textured Surfaces ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Star Excursion Balance Test ◽  
Foot Orthosis

Background: Chronic ankle instability as a prevalent consequence of ankle sprain causes various impairments such as balance and postural control deficits. Foot orthoses are one of the common interventions for rehabilitation of patients with chronic ankle instability. Objectives: To investigate the effect of custom-molded foot orthoses with textured surfaces on dynamic balance of chronic ankle instability patients and to compare their effects with other types of foot orthoses. Study design: This is a repeated measure design. Methods: A total of 30 participants were recruited based on the guideline introduced by the International Ankle Consortium. The effect of prefabricated, custom-molded, and custom-molded with textured surface foot orthoses was evaluated on dynamic balance by the Star Excursion Balance Test. Normalized reach distances in anteromedial, medial, and posteromedial directions of the test were computed to be used for statistical analysis. Results: The foot orthoses increased reach distances compared to the no-orthosis conditions in all three directions. The custom-molded with textured surface foot orthosis has significant differences compared with prefabricated foot orthosis ( p = 0.001) in all measured directions and with custom-molded foot orthosis ( p < 0.01) in medial and posteromedial directions. Conclusion: Foot orthoses improve reach distances in patients with chronic ankle instability. Custom-molded with textured surface foot orthosis has a more pronounced effect compared with other foot orthoses. Clinical relevance The custom-molded foot orthosis with textured surface could be an effective device to improve dynamic balance in chronic ankle instability (CAI) patients. It may be considered as an efficient intervention to reduce ankle sprain recurrence in these individuals, although further research should be conducted.

scholarly journals Image Analysis Determination of the Influence of Surface Structure of Silicone Rubbers on Biofouling

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevil Atarijabarzadeh ◽  
Fritjof Nilsson ◽  
Henrik Hillborg ◽  
Sigbritt Karlsson ◽  
Emma Strömberg
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Silicone Rubber ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Plane Surface ◽  
Contact Angle Hysteresis ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Textured Surface ◽  
Textured Surfaces ◽  
Band Formation

This study focuses on how the texture of the silicone rubber material affects the distribution of microbial growth on the surface of materials used for high voltage insulation. The analysis of surface wetting properties showed that the textured surfaces provide higher receding contact angles and therefore lower contact angle hysteresis. The textured surfaces decrease the risk for dry band formation and thus preserve the electrical properties of the material due to a more homogeneous distribution of water on the surface, which, however, promotes the formation of more extensive biofilms. The samples were inoculated with fungal suspension and incubated in a microenvironment chamber simulating authentic conditions in the field. The extent and distribution of microbial growth on the textured and plane surface samples representing the different parts of the insulator housing that is shank and shed were determined by visual inspection and image analysis methods. The results showed that the microbial growth was evenly distributed on the surface of the textured samples but restricted to limited areas on the plane samples. More intensive microbial growth was determined on the textured samples representing sheds. It would therefore be preferable to use the textured surface silicone rubber for the shank of the insulator.

ATOMISTIC SCALE SIMULATION OF TEXTURED SURFACES ON DRY SLIDING FRICTION

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 927-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Yuan Chen ◽  
Zheng-Han Hong ◽  
Te-Hua Fang ◽  
Shao-Hui Kang ◽  
Li-Min Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Sliding Friction ◽  
Surface Texturing ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Embedded Atom Method ◽  
Textured Surface ◽  
Textured Surfaces ◽  
Many Body ◽  
Embedded Atom ◽  
Modified Embedded Atom Method ◽  
Body Potential

Fe sliding on a Fe substrate with surface texturing is investigated using molecular dynamics simulation. The modified embedded-atom method many-body potential is used to describe the interaction of Fe atoms. The tribological properties of surface texturing during nanosliding are discussed. Results indicate that a textured surface has lower friction than that of a flat surface. In addition, a surface with parallel grooves has lower friction than that of a dimpled surface. Hence, surface texturing greatly affects friction.

Development of Cutting Tools With Micro-Textured Surface for High Speed Machining of Ti-6Al-4V

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuru Hasegawa ◽  
Tatsuya Sugihara
Keyword(s):  
Tool Life ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Failure Process ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Cutting Temperature ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Textured Surface ◽  
Textured Surfaces

Abstract In cutting of Ti-6Al-4V alloy, the cutting speed is limited since a high cutting temperature leads to severe tool wear and short tool life, resulting in poor production efficiency. On the other hand, some recent literature has reported that various beneficial effects can be provided by forming micro-textures on the tool surface in the metal cutting process. In this study, in order to achieve high-performance machining of Ti-6Al-4V, we first investigated the mechanism of the tool failure process for a cemented carbide cutting tool in high-speed turning of Ti-6Al-4V. Based on the results, cutting tools with micro textured surfaces were developed under the consideration of a cutting fluid action. A series of experiments showed that the textured rake face successfully decreases the cutting temperature, resulting in a significant suppression of both crater wear and flank wear. In addition, the temperature zone where the texture tool is effective in terms of the tool life in the Ti-6Al-4V cutting was discussed.

Experimental study on friction coefficient and temperature rise of heavy-load grease-lubricated spherical plain bearings with surface texture

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinlong Shen ◽  
Tong Zhang ◽  
Jimin Xu ◽  
Xiaojun LIU ◽  
Kun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Surface Texture ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Textured Surface ◽  
Textured Surfaces ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Heavy Load ◽  
Friction Coefficients ◽  
Content Type

Purpose This paper aims to improve the tribological performance of grease-lubricated spherical plain bearings (SPBs) under heavy load, dimple-type textures were prepared by laser on the outer surface of the inner ring. The influence of roughness parameters of a textured surface on reducing friction coefficient and temperature rise was also explored. Design/methodology/approach This study adopts a laser processing method to fabricate dimple-type textures. Three-dimensional roughness parameters were used to characterize the textured surfaces. The friction coefficients of five SPBs with surface texture and one original commercially available SPB without surface texture under different nominal loads were measured on a self-established test rig. The data of temperature rise were obtained by nine embedded thermal couples. Findings The results indicate that SPBs with textures generally exhibit lower friction coefficients than the original SPB without textures. The dimple depth has a significant influence on improving the tribological performance, which coincides with the analysis by surface roughness parameters. A textured surface with negative Ssk and high Vvc has the minimum temperature rise. Originality/value As it is too difficult to arrange sensors into heavy-load SPBs, there are few reports about the temperature characteristics. Through nine embedded thermal couples, the distribution of temperature rise on the inner ring of SPBs was given in this study. The positive effect of surface texture on reducing temperature rise and friction coefficient was verified, which is beneficial for the design of heavy-load SPBs.

scholarly journals Wettability on Different Surfaces

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeeli Kelvii Kwok
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Textured Surface ◽  
Original Material ◽  
Textured Surfaces ◽  
Hydrophobic Surfaces ◽  
Hydrophilic Surfaces ◽  
Young's Equation

Wettability has been explored for 100 years since it is described by Young’s equation in 1805. It is all known that hydrophilicity means contact angle (θ), θ < 90°; hydrophobicity means contact angle (θ), θ > 90°. The utilization of both hydrophilic surfaces and hydrophobic surfaces has also been achieved in both academic and practical perspectives. In order to understand the wettability of a droplet distributed on the textured surfaces, the relevant models are reviewed along with understanding the formation of contact angle and how it is affected by the roughness of the textured surface aiming to obtain the required surface without considering whether the original material is hydrophilic or hydrophobic.

Friction, wear, and fatigue analysis for micro-textured cemented carbide

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (17) ◽  
pp. 5989-6004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Tong ◽  
Shucai Yang ◽  
Xianli Liu ◽  
Weiwei Liu ◽  
Chunsheng He
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Surface ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Textured Surface ◽  
Surface Phase ◽  
Textured Surfaces ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Fatigue Wear ◽  
Optimal Processing ◽  
Cutting Processes

In the research regarding laser-processed micro-textured carbide tool surfaces, there remains a lack of research on the relationship between micro-textured preparation processes and the degree of fatigue wear experienced by micro-textured surfaces. To study the effect of a laser-textured surface on the friction and wear properties of friction pairs, it first of all conducted friction and wear tests to obtain optimal processing parameters. By using a scanning electron microscope, the fatigue wear mechanism for a micro-textured surface was observed. Experimental results based on fatigue wear theory show that a micro-textured surface phase has better fatigue resistance than a smooth surface. Under the same friction conditions and selected test parameters, a micro-textured surface phase can reduce the maximum fatigue and friction wear of a smooth surface by 38.4%. This study provides a theoretical basis and source of reference for the rational formulation of micro-texture parameters and improvements in the performance of micro-textures during cutting processes.

Applicability of Interrupted Micro Cutting Process “Tilling” as Surface Texturing

2017 ◽  
Vol 749 ◽  
pp. 241-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatsuhiko Usami ◽  
Toshiki Sato ◽  
Yasuyuki Kanda ◽  
Satoru Nishio
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Cast Alloy ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Frictional Resistance ◽  
Cnc Machining ◽  
Cutting Process ◽  
Textured Surface ◽  
Textured Surfaces ◽  
Micro Cutting

Tribological properties of textured surfaces fabricated using a discontinuous microcutting process were investigated. Aluminum cast alloy (AC8A) discs were used for the specimens. The texturing process was carried out using a CNC machining center with a cutting edge with a novel geometry. The resulting surface morphology consisted of micro dimples with a diameter of 200-300 μm and a depth of 5-10 μm, with controlled area fractions of 10 and 40% and a top region finished with a milling cut. The tribological properties were evaluated using a ring-on-disc type testing apparatus under lubricated conditions, and showed that the friction coefficient of the textured surfaces was low and stable from the beginning of the experiment. A dependence of the friction coefficient on the area fraction was also found. Further reductions in the friction coefficient were achieved on a textured surface with a polished top region. It can be concluded that the proposed discontinuous micro cutting process is an effective means of fabricating a micro texture for the reduction and stabilization of frictional resistance.

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