scholarly journals Cement-Bonded Particleboards with Banana Pseudostem Waste: Physical Performance and Bio-Susceptibility

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Lina Nunes ◽  
Eleonora Cintura ◽  
João L. Parracha ◽  
Bruno Fernandes ◽  
Vitor Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Equal Weight ◽  
Musa Sp ◽  
Wood Particles ◽  
Banana Fibre ◽  
Density Values ◽  
Weight Proportion

This article evaluates the relevant properties of cement-bonded particleboards (CBPB) made with a portion of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) particles replaced with an agricultural waste, banana pseudostem (Musa sp.). The industrial production of CBPB was simulated in the laboratory based on a reference composition defined by a manufacturing company. Test specimens were produced assuming 0%, 25%, 50% and 75% partial replacement of wood particles with banana pseudostem fibres. Some physical properties (bulk density, thermal conductivity, and dimensional stability) and the mould susceptibility of the different variables were assessed. Results show that the thermal conductivity of the boards increased with the banana fibre proportion and ranged between 0.233 W/(m.K) and 0.279 W/(m.K). The bulk density values generally increased with the banana fibre proportion and ranged between 1754–1995 kg/m3, being the highest value obtained for B50 (equal weight proportion of wood particles and banana fibres). Specimens with a higher percentage of banana fibres have reduced thickness resulting from swelling, ranging between 0.38% and 0.11% (for 0% and 75% of banana fibres, respectively). CBPBs with unsanded surfaces seem to be unsusceptible to mould development, whereas those with sanded surfaces, simulating wearing, show some bio-susceptibility. Mould development increases with the proportion of banana fibre. The results highlight the need for regular maintenance of the particleboards, thus avoiding surface wear over time and resulting in the exposure of the wood particles and/or banana fibres to the outside environment.

The influence of the addition of ground olive stone on the thermo-mechanical behavior of compressed earth blocks

2020 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Samia Djadouf ◽  
Nasser Chelouah ◽  
Abdelkader Tahakourt
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Hydraulic Press ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Olive Stone ◽  
Compressed Earth Blocks ◽  
Clay Matrix ◽  
Earth Blocks

Sustainable development and environmental challenges incite to valorize local materials such as agricultural waste. In this context, a new ecological compressed earth blocks (CEBS) with addition of ground olive stone (GOS) was proposed. The GOS is added as partial clay replacement in different proportions. The main objective of this paper is to study the effect of GOS levels on the thermal properties and mechanical behavior of CEB. We proceeded to determining the optimal water content and equivalent wet density by compaction using a hydraulic press, at a pressure of 10 MPa. The maximum compressive strength is reached at 15% of the GOS. This percentage increases the mechanical properties by 19.66%, and decreases the thermal conductivity by 37.63%. These results are due to the optimal water responsible for the consolidation and compactness of the clay matrix. The substitution up to 30% of GOS shows a decrease of compressive strength and thermal conductivity by about 38.38% and 50.64% respectively. The decrease in dry density and thermal conductivity is related to the content of GOS, which is composed of organic and porous fibers. The GOS seems promising for improving the thermo-mechanical characteristics of CEB and which can also be used as reinforcement in CEBS.

scholarly journals Sustainable Panels Made with Industrial and Agricultural Waste: Thermal and Environmental Critical Analysis of the Experimental Results

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 494
Author(s):  
Paola Ricciardi ◽  
Elisa Belloni ◽  
Francesca Merli ◽  
Cinzia Buratti
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Impact Reduction ◽  
Combined Solution ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Recycled Waste

Recycled waste materials obtained from industrial and agricultural processes are becoming promising thermal and acoustic insulating solutions in building applications; their use can play an important role in the environmental impact reduction. The aim of the present paper is the evaluation of the thermal performance of recycled waste panels consisting of cork scraps, rice husk, coffee chaff, and end-life granulated tires, glued in different weight ratios and pressed. Six panels obtained from the mixing of these waste materials were fabricated and analyzed. In particular, the scope is the selection of the best compromise solutions from the thermal and environmental points of view. To this aim, thermal resistances were measured in laboratory and a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) analysis was carried out for each panel; a cross-comparative examination was performed in order to optimize their properties and find the best panels solutions to be assembled in the future. Life Cycle Analysis was carried out in terms of primary Embodied Energy and Greenhouse Gas Emissions, considering a ‘‘cradle-to-gate” approach. The obtained thermal conductivities varied in the 0.055 to 0.135 W/mK range, in the same order of magnitude of many traditional systems. The best thermal results were obtained for the panels made of granulated cork, rice husk, and coffee chaff in this order. The rubber granulate showed higher values of the thermal conductivity (about 0.15 W/mK); a very interesting combined solution was the panel composed of cork (60%), rice husk (20%), and coffee chaff (20%), with a thermal conductivity of 0.08 W/mK and a Global Warming Potential of only 2.6 kg CO2eq/m2. Considering the Embodied Energy (CED), the best solution is a panel composed of 56% of cork and 44% of coffee chaff (minimum CED and thermal conductivity).

Measuring the Thermo-Technical Parameters of Autoclaved Aerated Concrete

2016 ◽  
Vol 824 ◽  
pp. 100-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alena Struhárová
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Capillary Absorption ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Autoclaved Aerated Concrete ◽  
Aerated Concrete ◽  
Technical Properties

Bulk density and moisture content are factors that significantly affect the physical properties of autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) including thermal conductivity and other thermo-technical characteristics. This article shows the results of measurements of compressive strength, capillary absorption, water absorption and porosity of AAC (ash on fluidized fly ash) at different bulk density and also the results of thermal conductivity of AAC at different bulk density and variable moisture content of the material. The thermo-technical properties were measured using the Isomet 2104, a portable measuring device. Acquired results demonstrate dependence of physical properties including thermal conductivity of AAC on bulk density and moisture content. The reliability and accuracy of the method of measuring was also shown.

scholarly journals Thermal insulation properties of green vacuum insulation panel using wood fiber as core material

BioResources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 3339-3351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baowen Wang ◽  
Zhihui Li ◽  
Xinglai Qi ◽  
Nairong Chen ◽  
Qinzhi Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Core Material ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Total Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Wood Fibers ◽  
Vacuum Insulation ◽  
Vacuum Insulation Panel

Wood fibers were prepared as core materials for a vacuum insulation panel (VIP) via a dry molding process. The morphology of the wood fibers and the microstructure, pore structure, transmittance, and thermal conductivity of the wood fiber VIP were tested. The results showed that the wood fibers had excellent thermal insulation properties and formed a porous structure by interweaving with one another. The optimum bulk density that led to a low-cost and highly thermally efficient wood fiber VIP was 180 kg/m3 to 200 kg/m3. The bulk density of the wood fiber VIP was 200 kg/m3, with a high porosity of 78%, a fine pore size of 112.8 μm, and a total pore volume of 7.0 cm3·g-1. The initial total thermal conductivity of the wood fiber VIP was 9.4 mW/(m·K) at 25 °C. The thermal conductivity of the VIP increased with increasing ambient temperature. These results were relatively good compared to the thermal insulation performance of current biomass VIPs, so the use of wood fiber as a VIP core material has broad application prospects.

scholarly journals Effect of partial replacement of fishmeal with Eichhornia crassipes on growth and survival of Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) juveniles

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1659-1662
Author(s):  
M. R. Patel ◽  
K. H. Vadher ◽  
R. R. Mer ◽  
K. G. Baraiya ◽  
K. V. Tandel
Keyword(s):  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Aquatic Macrophyte ◽  
Labeo Rohita ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Equal Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Performance Indices ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Significant Difference

The objective of the study was to find out the effect of partial replacement of fish meal in the diet of Labeo rohita juveniles. In this experiment, the data pertaining to growth, survival rate, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio of L. rohita at partial replacement of fishmeal with E. crassipes were evaluated. For that purpose fry of approximately equal weight (57.97mg ± 1.25) were distributed in groups of 15 to each four aquaria at 0% (T1), 10% (T2), 20% (T3), 30% (T4) and 40% (T5) inclusion levels of aquatic macrophyte, Eichhornia crassipes. Maximum mean weight gain (235.25 ± 11.04 mg) was observed in T1 and minimum (165.06 ± 10.93 mg) was observed in T5 at the end of the experiment. Among the treatments tested, the highest survival (89.99% ± 1.93) was recorded in treatment T1 and minimum was found in T4 (79.99% ± 2.72). Lowest FCR was recorded in treatment T3 (2.02 ± 0.39) and highest was found in T5 (3.08 ± 0.59). Higher SGR was observed in treatment T1 (297.15 ± 18.78%) and minimum was observed in T5 (182.74 ± 18.45%). The study revealed a decrease in the growth performance indices as the percentage of water hyacinth increases. In present study also there was not much difference in growth rate upto 20% incorporation of E. crassipes in the diet. Also, significant difference was observed among treatments with respect to feed utilization (P<0.05).

Mechanical Properties and Thermal Conductivity of Lightweight Clay Bricks Fabricated with a Powdered Marble Dust Additive

2018 ◽  
Vol 777 ◽  
pp. 465-470
Author(s):  
Sutas Janbuala ◽  
Mana Eambua ◽  
Arpapan Satayavibul ◽  
Watcharakhon Nethan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Apparent Porosity ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Marble Dust

The objective of this study was to recycle powdered marble dust to improve mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of lightweight clay bricks. Varying amounts of powdered marble dust (10, 20, 30, and 40 vol.%) were added to a lightweight clay brick at the firing temperatures of 900, 1000, and 1100 °C. When higher quantities of powdered marble dust were added, the values of porosity and water absorption increased while those of thermal conductivity and bulk density decreased. The decrease in apparent porosity and water absorption were also affected by the increase in firing temperature. The most desirable properties of the clay bricks were obtained for the powdered marble dust content of 40 vol.% and firing temperature 900 °C: bulk density of 1.20 g/cm3, compressive strength 9.2 MPa, thermal conductivity 0.32 W/m.K, and water absorption 22.5%.

scholarly journals Feasibility and Characterization Mortar Blended with High-Amount Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Ting Lin ◽  
Chia-Jung Tsai ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
Weidong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Steel Industry ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Cementitious Material ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Material ◽  
Basic Oxygen ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
Weight Proportion

Basic oxygen furnace slag (BOFS) was ground to three levels of fineness as a replacement for cement at weight proportions of 10, 30, 50, and 70 wt.%. Fineness and weight proportion were shown to have significant effects on the flowability and setting time of the mortars. The expansion of BOFS mortars increased with an increase in the proportion of cement replaced, thereby exacerbating the effects of cracking. Optimal mechanical properties were achieved when 10 wt.% of the cement was replaced using BOFS with fineness of 10,000 cm2/g. The compressive strength of BOFS mortar is similar to that of ordinary Portland mortar, which makes BOFS suitable for the partial replacement of cement as a supplementary cementitious material. Scanning electron microscopy results revealed that the reaction of CaO with H2O results in the formation of C–S–H colloids, whereas the reaction of SiO2 with Al2O3 produces C–A–S–H colloids. The use of BOFS as a partial replacement for Portland cement could make a tremendous contribution to the steel industry and help to lower CO2 emissions.

scholarly journals Capillary Uptake Monitoring in Lime-Hemp-Perlite Composite Using the Time Domain Reflectometry Sensing Technique for Moisture Detection in Building Composites

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Przemysław Brzyski ◽  
Zbigniew Suchorab
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Apparent Density ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Capillary Uptake

The use of waste plants in the production of building materials is consistent with the principles of sustainable development. One of the ideas involves using hemp shives as an aggregate for the production of a composite used as a filling of the timber frame construction of the walls. The most important disadvantage of using the building materials based on organic components is their susceptibility to the water influence. The wall material is exposed to rising groundwater. The research part of the paper presented the preparation method and the investigation of the hemp-perlite-lime composites. Flexural and compressive strength, apparent density, total porosity, thermal conductivity, and mass absorptivity were examined. The main research part pertained to the analysis of capillary uptake occurrence in the composites, being the important phenomenon present in the external walls. The study on this phenomenon was carried out using the technique of indirect moisture evaluation—Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR). The indirect readouts were additionally verified with the traditional evaluation using the gravimetric method based on the PN-EN 1925 standard. The study proved that the tested composites were characterized by low apparent density, thermal conductivity, strength parameters, high total porosity, and mass absorptivity. The partial replacement of hemp shives by expanded perlite had a beneficial effect on the tested properties of composites.

scholarly journals Physical, mechanical and thermal properties of Crushed Sand Concrete containing Rubber Waste

2018 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 01076
Author(s):  
Guendouz Mohamed ◽  
Boukhelkhal Djamila
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
The Past ◽  
Rubber Waste ◽  
And Performance

Over the past twenty years, the rubber wastes are an important part of municipal solid waste. This work focuses on the recycling of rubber waste, specifically rubber waste of used shoes discharged into the nature and added in the mass of crushed sand concrete with percentage (10%, 20%, 30% and 40%). The physical (workability, fresh density), mechanical (compressive and flexural strength) and thermal (thermal conductivity) of different crushed sand concrete made are analyzed and compared to the respective controls. The use of rubber waste in crushed sand concrete contributes to reduce the bulk density and performance of sand concrete. Nevertheless, the use of rubber aggregate leads to a significant reduction in thermal conductivity, which improves the thermal insulation of crushed sand concrete.

Forest Soil Compaction: Effect of Multiple Passes and Loadings on Wheel Track Surface Soil Bulk Density

1988 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen G. Shetron ◽  
John A. Sturos ◽  
Eunice Padley ◽  
Carl Trettin
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Northern Red Oak ◽  
Wheel Drive ◽  
Density Values ◽  
Track Surface ◽  
Four Wheel Drive ◽  
Wheel Track

Abstract The change in wheel track surface soil bulk densities was determined after a mechanized thinning in a northern red oak stand. Mean bulk density values of the 0 to 5 cm surface of the wheel tracks immediately after felling, bunching, and skidding were: 0.80 g/cc on the high use areas; 0.77 g/cc on the low use areas; and 0.42 g/cc in the undisturbed areas. No significant differences in surface soil bulk densities were found between several loading treatments using a four-wheel drive articulated forwarder. The data indicate that initial passes of the equipment produce most of the disturbance. No significant recovery in wheel track soil bulk densities occurred during the year following harvest regardless of treatment. North. J. Appl. For. 5:120-123, June 1988.

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