scholarly journals Investigation of Hydrogen Storage Characteristics of MgH2 Based Materials with Addition of Ni and Activated Carbon

Inorganics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eli Grigorova ◽  
Diana Nihtianova ◽  
Boyko Tsyntsarski ◽  
Ivanka Stoycheva
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Storage Media ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Polyethylene Production

Magnesium-based materials are promising as hydrogen storage media due to their high theoretical hydrogen absorption capacity, abundance and low price. The subject of this study are the hydrogen sorption characteristics of the composites 80 wt % MgH2-15 wt % Ni-5 wt % activated carbon (synthesized from polyolefin wax, a waste product of polyethylene production at low pressure which will be denoted further in the text as POW) and 90 wt % MgH2-5 wt % Ni-5 wt % POW, prepared by ball milling under argon atmosphere. Structure, phase and surface composition of the samples before and after hydrogenation are determined by XRD and TEM. The maximum absorption capacity value of the composites at a temperature 573 K and after 60 min. of hydrogenation are 5.3 wt % H2 for the material with higher Ni content and 5.5 wt % H2 for the other sample. The presence of both additives—nickel and activated carbon derived from POW—has a positive impact on hydrogenation kinetics and the capacity achieved. The results from TEM characterization, e.g., the polycrystalline SAED (selected area electron diffraction) show the presence of graphite, Mg and monoclinic Mg2NiH4.

Strategic Role of Zakat in Multidimensional Quality of Life in Sijunjung, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-72
Author(s):  
Herlin Hamimi ◽  
Abdul Ghafar Ismail ◽  
Muhammad Hasbi Zaenal
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Status ◽  
Being There ◽  
The Impact

Zakat is one of the five pillars of Islam which has a function of faith, social and economic functions. Muslims who can pay zakat are required to give at least 2.5 per cent of their wealth. The problem of poverty prevalent in disadvantaged regions because of the difficulty of access to information and communication led to a gap that is so high in wealth and resources. The instrument of zakat provides a paradigm in the achievement of equitable wealth distribution and healthy circulation. Zakat potentially offers a better life and improves the quality of human being. There is a human quality improvement not only in economic terms but also in spiritual terms such as improving religiousity. This study aims to examine the role of zakat to alleviate humanitarian issues in disadvantaged regions such as Sijunjung, one of zakat beneficiaries and impoverished areas in Indonesia. The researcher attempted a Cibest method to capture the impact of zakat beneficiaries before and after becoming a member of Zakat Community Development (ZCD) Program in material and spiritual value. The overall analysis shows that zakat has a positive impact on disadvantaged regions development and enhance the quality of life of the community. There is an improvement in the average of mustahik household incomes after becoming a member of ZCD Program. Cibest model demonstrates that material, spiritual, and absolute poverty index decreased by 10, 5, and 6 per cent. Meanwhile, the welfare index is increased by 21 per cent. These findings have significant implications for developing the quality of life in disadvantaged regions in Sijunjung. Therefore, zakat is one of the instruments to change the status of disadvantaged areas to be equivalent to other areas.

scholarly journals Performance of Iron-Functionalized Activated Carbon Catalysts (Fe/AC-f) on CWPO Wastewater Treatment

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
Sara Mesa Medina ◽  
Ana Rey ◽  
Carlos Durán-Valle ◽  
Ana Bahamonde ◽  
Marisol Faraldos
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Water Matrix ◽  
The Stability

Two commercial activated carbon were functionalized with nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and ethylenediamine to induce the modification of their surface functional groups and facilitate the stability of corresponding AC-supported iron catalysts (Fe/AC-f). Synthetized Fe/AC-f catalysts were characterized to determine bulk and surface composition (elemental analysis, emission spectroscopy, XPS), textural (N2 isotherms), and structural characteristics (XRD). All the Fe/AC-f catalysts were evaluated in the degradation of phenol in ultrapure water matrix by catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO). Complete pollutant removal at short reaction times (30–60 min) and high TOC reduction (XTOC = 80 % at ≤ 120 min) were always achieved at the conditions tested (500 mg·L−1 catalyst loading, 100 mg·L−1 phenol concentration, stoichiometric H2O2 dose, pH 3, 50 °C and 200 rpm), improving the results found with bare activated carbon supports. The lability of the interactions of iron with functionalized carbon support jeopardizes the stability of some catalysts. This fact could be associated to modifications of the induced surface chemistry after functionalization as a consequence of the iron immobilization procedure. The reusability was demonstrated by four consecutive CWPO cycles where the activity decreased from 1st to 3rd, to become recovered in the 4th run. Fe/AC-f catalysts were applied to treat two real water matrices: the effluent of a wastewater treatment plant with a membrane biological reactor (WWTP-MBR) and a landfill leachate, opening the opportunity to extend the use of these Fe/AC-f catalysts for complex wastewater matrices remediation. The degradation of phenol spiked WWTP-MBR effluent by CWPO using Fe/AC-f catalysts revealed pH of the reaction medium as a critical parameter to obtain complete elimination of the pollutant, only reached at pH 3. On the contrary, significant TOC removal, naturally found in complex landfill leachate, was obtained at natural pH 9 and half stoichiometric H2O2 dose. This highlights the importance of the water matrix in the optimization of the CWPO operating conditions.

scholarly journals Caregiver Burden: Caregiving Workshops Have a Positive Impact on Those Caring for Individuals With Dementia in Arkansas

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 237437352110180
Author(s):  
Robin E. McAtee ◽  
Laura Spradley ◽  
Leah Tobey ◽  
Whitney Thomasson ◽  
Gohar Azhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Complex Care ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Dementia Caregivers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Burden Scale

Millions of Americans live with dementia. Caregivers of this population provide countless hours of multifaceted, complex care that frequently cause unrelenting stress which can result in immense burden. However, it is not fully understood what efforts can be made to reduce the stress among caregivers of persons with dementia (PWD). Therefore, the aim of this pretest–posttest designed study was to evaluate changes in caregiver burden after providing an educational intervention to those caring for PWD in Arkansas. Forty-one participants completed the Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale before and after attending a 4-hour dementia-focused caregiving workshop. The analysis of the means, standard deviations, and paired t tests showed that there was an increase in the confidence and competence in caring for PWD 30 to 45 days after attending the workshop. Health care providers need to understand both the vital role caregivers provide in managing a PWD and the importance of the caregiver receiving education about their role as a caregiver. Utilizing caregiver educational programs is a first step.

352 Feasibility of Hypnosis as Adjunctive Treatment for Subjective Sleep Disturbance: A Pilot Study and Proof of Concept

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A140-A141
Author(s):  
Emma Zhao ◽  
Afik Faerman ◽  
David Spiegel
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Adjunctive Treatment ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Sleep Complaints ◽  
Subjective Sleep ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Introduction Hypnosis-based interventions have been shown to have a positive impact on several dimensions of sleep health. However, current evidence is limited as only a paucity of studies included populations with sleep complaints. Here we present a pilot data set to demonstrate the feasibility of developing a hypnosis-based adjunctive treatment for subjective sleep complaints. Methods Eleven adults (42% female; mean age 45±16.87 years) who sought treatment at the Stanford Sleep Medicine Center or Center for Integrative Medicine for subjective sleep complaints received hypnosis as adjunctive treatment. Self-report questionnaires were used to assess the weekly frequency of subjective sleep disturbances experienced before and after treatment, as well as 5-point Likert scale ratings of perceived qualitative improvement in symptom severity and overall sleep quality. Results Five participants (45%) reported a reduction in symptom frequency and severity after hypnosis treatment. All five participants attributed at least some of the improvement to hypnosis treatment. Most participants (63%) observed post-treatment improvements in their overall sleep quality. No participants reported adverse effects of hypnosis. Conclusion Results suggest hypnosis-based adjunctive treatment may be effective for alleviating subjective sleep disturbances. The findings serve as preliminary support for further randomly controlled trials in larger samples. Support (if any):

Changes of Periodontal Tissues Because of Orthodontic Treatment: A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 232020682110034
Author(s):  
Hamad Alzoman ◽  
Khalid Alamoud ◽  
Waad K. Alomran ◽  
Abdullazez Almudhi ◽  
Naif A. Bindayel
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Gingival Recession ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Crown Height ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Before And After

Aim: To evaluate the periodontal status before and after orthodontic treatment and to analyze the confounding factors associated with it. Materials and Methods: The present retrospective study analyzed pre- and posttreatment records of a total of 60 patients. Intraoral digital photographs before and after the orthodontic treatment were used to measure the following three periodontal variables: (a) width of the keratinized gingiva, (b) gingival recession, and (c) the status of interdental papilla. The ImageJ 46 software imaging program was used to perform the required measurements. The clinical data were then analyzed in an association with the participants’ demographic data, the type of orthodontic tooth movement, and other confounding factors. The data obtained were manually entered into the statistical package and analyzed using a significance level set at P < .05. Descriptive statistics, paired t-tests, and Pearson’s correlation analysis were used to identify differences among the studied variables. Results: Among the 60 patients, the majority (66.7%) were females. Most cases of the treated malocclusion were Class II, and most patients underwent intrusion and retrusion movements. The width of keratinized gingiva increased for most sites of upper teeth. In contrast, the lower teeth showed a mix of improvement and compromised width of keratinized gingiva. As a measure of gingival recession, the difference of clinical crown height revealed the tendency toward a reduced clinical crown height for most sites. Upper left lateral incisors and canines showed significant values with regard to keratinized gingival width measurements and tooth movements such as extrusion and intrusion movements. Likewise, with regard to the clinical crown height, upper right central incisors showed significant differences when correlated with the interincisal angle, lower incisors to the mandibular plane, and upper incisors to the NA line. The upper lateral incisors also showed significant correlations to certain cephalometric measurements. Conclusions: The orthodontic treatment was found to exert a significantly positive impact on the surrounding periodontium, particularly in the upper canine areas. Likewise, various types of tooth movement were found to positively affect the periodontium.

scholarly journals Engineering Challenges of Solution and Slurry-Phase Chemical Hydrogen Storage Materials for Automotive Fuel Cell Applications

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1722
Author(s):  
Troy Semelsberger ◽  
Jason Graetz ◽  
Andrew Sutton ◽  
Ewa C. E. Rönnebro
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
System Level ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Automotive Applications ◽  
Storage Media ◽  
Slurry Phase ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Chemical Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Phase Chemical

We present the research findings of the DOE-funded Hydrogen Storage Engineering Center of Excellence (HSECoE) related to liquid-phase and slurry-phase chemical hydrogen storage media and their potential as future hydrogen storage media for automotive applications. Chemical hydrogen storage media other than neat liquid compositions will prove difficult to meet the DOE system level targets. Solid- and slurry-phase chemical hydrogen storage media requiring off-board regeneration are impractical and highly unlikely to be implemented for automotive applications because of the formidable task of developing solid- or slurry-phase transport systems that are commercially reliable and economical throughout the entire life cycle of the fuel. Additionally, the regeneration cost and efficiency of chemical hydrogen storage media is currently the single most prohibitive barrier to implementing chemical hydrogen storage media. Ideally, neat liquid-phase chemical hydrogen storage media with net-usable gravimetric hydrogen capacities of greater than 7.8 wt% are projected to meet the 2017 DOE system level gravimetric and volumetric targets. The research presented herein is a collection of research findings that do not in and of themselves warrant a dedicated manuscript. However, the collection of results do, in fact, highlight the engineering challenges and short-comings in scaling up and demonstrating fluid-phase ammonia borane and alane compositions that all future materials researchers working in hydrogen storage should be aware of.

Advanced activated carbon monoliths and activated carbons for hydrogen storage

2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 235-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Jordá-Beneyto ◽  
Dolores Lozano-Castelló ◽  
Fabián Suárez-García ◽  
Diego Cazorla-Amorós ◽  
Ángel Linares-Solano
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Activated Carbon Monoliths

scholarly journals Cementitious Composites Reinforced with Polypropylene, Nylon and Polyacrylonitile Fibres

2012 ◽  
Vol 730-732 ◽  
pp. 271-276
Author(s):  
H.R. Pakravan ◽  
M. Jamshidi ◽  
M. Latifi ◽  
F. Pacheco-Torgal
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Cement Matrix ◽  
Cementitious Composites ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Energy Absorption Capacity ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Water To Cement Ratio ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Scanning Electron

This paper compares the adhesion strength between three polymeric fibres (polypropylene (PP), nylon66 (N66) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN)) embedded in a cement paste. The specimens were prepared at a water to cement ratio (w/c) of 0.5 and tested after 7, 14 and 28 curing days. It was found that although the adhesion between the polymeric fibres to the cement matrix is an important factor, the energy absorption capacity or energy dissipation ability of the fibres, plays a more important role in the improvement of the cementitious composites fracture toughness. Scanning electron micrographs were used to characterize the fibres surface before and after the Pull-out tests.

Study on Thermal Regeneration for Caffeine-Saturated Activated Carbon

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 1941-1944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao You Zhu ◽  
Li Li Wang ◽  
Wan Ling Wang ◽  
Ying Long Wang
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Carbon Layer ◽  
Carbon Surface ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Gas Velocity ◽  
Thermal Regeneration ◽  
Regeneration Time ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Carbon Regeneration ◽  
Carrier Gas Velocity

Waste activated carbon (AC) containing caffeine was produced during the process of the production for caffeine. The process of treatment caffeine-saturated AC using thermal regeneration was explored and factors on the regeneration of activated carbon were investigated. The optimum conditions obtained were: temperature is 650 °C, the regeneration time is 180 min, the carrier gas velocity is 0.002 m/s, carbon layer thickness is 0.1 m. Under these conditions, activated carbon regeneration efficiency reached 90.3%. In addition, the pore structure of activated carbon before and after regeneration was characterized and the activated carbon surface area and pore size distribution under optimum conditions were determined by the adsorption isotherms.

scholarly journals Efficient Removal of Methyl Orange and Rhodamine-B Dyes with Low Cost Banana Peel Activated Carbon

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 1121-1127
Author(s):  
Mahesh Kumar Gupta ◽  
P.K. Tandon ◽  
Neelam Shukla ◽  
Harendra Singh ◽  
Shalini Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Methyl Orange ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Banana Peel ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Efficient Adsorbent ◽  
Solution Changes

Acid activated carbon obtained from cheap, non-toxic and locally available banana peel was used as a low cost and efficient adsorbent for the removal of dyes methyl orange and rhodamine-B from the aqueous solution. Changes in the resulting material before and after activation and after treatment were studied by different techniques, such as SEM-EDX, XRD, FTIR measurements. Effects of duration of treatment, amount of banana peel activated carbon, pH, and initial methyl orange and rhodamine-B concentration, on the removal of dye were studied to get optimum conditions for maximum dye removal. Removal efficiency of the activated ash remains almost constant in a wide range of pH from 2.5 to 5.6. In 75 min at room temperature removal of 98.5 % methyl orange (anionic) and 99.0 % rhodamine-B (cationic) dyes with 0.1 g and 0.125 g, respectively was obtained from the contaminated water having 10 ppm dye concentration.

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