scholarly journals Effects of Pyriproxyfen Exposure on Reproduction and Gene Expressions in Silkworm, Bombyx mori

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 467
Author(s):  
He-Ying Qian ◽  
Xiao Zhang ◽  
Guo-Dong Zhao ◽  
Hui-Min Guo ◽  
Gang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Ovary Development ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Hormone Regulation ◽  
Concentration Effects ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Silkworm Larvae ◽  
Silkworm Bombyx Mori

The silkworm, Bombyx mori Linnaeus, is an important economic insect and a representative model organism of Lepidoptera, which has been widely used in the study of reproduction and development. The development of the silkworm’s reproductive gland is easily affected by many external factors, such as chemical insecticides. After the silkworm larvae were treated with different concentrations of pyriproxyfen, the results showed that the number of eggs and hatching rate of eggs in the silkworm can be reduced by pyriproxyfen, and the concentration effects were displayed. Pyriproxyfen exposure could affect the normal development of the ovary tissue by reducing the number of oocytes and oogonia in the ovaries of silkworm fed with pyriproxyfen. We employed qRT-PCR, to detect the expressions of genes related to ovary development (Vg, Ovo, Otu, Sxl-S and Sxl-L) and hormone regulation (EcR and JHBP2) in silkworm. Our study showed that the transcription levels of Vg, Ovo, Otu, Sxl-S and Sxl-L in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group (6.08%, 61.99%, 83.51%, 99.31% and 71.95%, respectively). The transcription level of ECR was 70.22% for the control group, while that of JHBP2 was upregulated by 3.92-fold. Changes of transcription levels of these genes caused by pyriproxyfen exposure ultimately affect the absorption of nutrients, energy metabolism, ovary development and egg formation of the silkworm, thus leading to reproductive disorders of the silkworm. In general, our study revealed the response of silkworm reproduction to pyriproxyfen exposure and provided a certain reference value for the metabolism of the silkworm to pyriproxyfen.

scholarly journals Effect of Antibiotics on the Haemocyte Count and Rearing Performance of Silkworm Bombyx mori L.

2020 ◽  
pp. 528-538
Author(s):  
Iqra Rafiq ◽  
Z. I. Buhroo ◽  
K. A. Sahaf ◽  
N. A. Ganie ◽  
M. F. Baqual ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Silkworm Larvae ◽  
Mulberry Leaves ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
Bombyx Mori L ◽  
Ceftiofur Sodium ◽  
Antibiotic Agents ◽  
Silkworm Bombyx Mori ◽  
Total Haemocyte Count

Background: Antibiotic agents have been used in recent years to increase the growth of silkworm larvae and to improve production. In this context, the present investigation reported the effects of ceftiofur sodium, oxytetracycline and enroflaxcin on total haemocyte count (cells/mm3), survival percentage and economic characteristics in silkworm Bombyx mori L. at various concentration levels. The study regarding the effect of antibiotics was conducted on the silkworm breed APS-45. Three concentrations (0.05%, 0.10% and 0.15%) were prepared for each antibiotic. The worms were reared upto 3rd instar without any treatment. After third moult silkworms were supplemented with antibiotic fortified mulberry leaves. Results: The experimental results showed that the effect of different antibiotics on economic parameters like larval weight, larval duration, cocoon weight, shell ratio and raw silk percentage were significantly increased in the treated lines in comparison to the control. Antibiotics also increased survival percentage and the most effective result was obtained at 0.15% of ceftiofur sodium followed by oxytetracycline and enroflaxcin. In the present study highest THC value of 9157.33 mm/cm3 was recorded in treatment ceftiofur sodium treated batch at concentration C3 0.15%. An increment in the total haemocyte count was observed in other treatments as well and the cell count increased with an increase in concentration of antibiotic dosage and the effectiveness of the antibiotics followed the order ceftiofur sodium, oxytetracycline and enroflaxcin. Conclusion: This research outlines that there is a significant improvement in the total haemocyte count and economic traits in silkworm with the supplementation of antibiotic fortified mulberry leaves. The antibiotic treatment has significantly improved the raw silk percentage and has been found to be effective in reducing the mortality of silkworms. So, this antibiotic fortification can be further exploited for higher raw silk production.

scholarly journals Supplementation of Lactobacillus casei reduces the mortality of Bombyx mori larvae challenged by Nosema bombycis

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siripuk Suraporn ◽  
Olle Terenius
Keyword(s):  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Lactobacillus Casei ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Survival Ratio ◽  
Larval Weight ◽  
Silkworm Larvae ◽  
Hybrid Strain ◽  
Shell Weight ◽  
Nosema Bombycis ◽  
Growth Characters

Abstract Objective Pebrine, caused by the microsporidium Nosema bombycis, is one of the severe diseases in Thai polyvoltine strains of the silkworm Bombyx mori. Studies showing the presence of Lactobacillus species in the silkworm gut, where the Nosema parasites enter, suggests that these bacteria may have a protective effect. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of supplementation of Lactobacillus casei on the survival ratio of silkworm larvae challenged with N. bombycis. Results A group of silkworm larvae of the commercial Thai polyvoltine hybrid strain DokBua was supplemented with L. casei on the second day of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th instar. When a control group of silkworm larvae were challenged with N. bombycis on the second day of the 4th instar, the survival rate was 68%, but it was 91% for larvae supplemented with L. casei. For those larvae that survived the treatments until pupation, we determined the growth characters larval weight, cocooning ratio, and pupation ratio, and the economic characters cocoon weight and cocoon shell weight. When infected with N. Bombycis, growth characters were significantly higher in larvae also receiving L. casei.

Effect of RH-2485 on development, metamorphosis and synthesis of major proteins in female silkworm Bombyx mori

Biologia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayyamperumal Rajathi ◽  
Jeyaraj Pandiarajan ◽  
Muthukalingan Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Ovary Development ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Sublethal Doses ◽  
Silkworm Bombyx Mori

AbstractToxicological data on silkworm Bombyx mori are quite comparable to those of other lepidopteran pest insects, therefore, it is considered as a suitable model for exploring effects of any new synthetic formulations. In this study, female V instar larvae of silk moth B. mori were chosen to evaluate the lethal and sublethal toxicity effects of RH-2485 (methoxyfenozide), a non-steroidal ecdysteroid agonist and to substantiate the ecdysteroid mimicking action of RH-2485 on ovary development, vitellogenin incorporation and egg production in isolated pupal abdomen (IPA). Probit analysis was carried out to find the median lethal dose (LD50) from 96 h cumulative mortality percent. Protein profile of haemolymph, fat body, ovary and eggs were separated in SDS-PAGE. Western blot analysis was carried out to confirm vitellogenin in the ovary. Sublethal effects on feeding, cocoon spinning, pupation, adult emergence and egg production were studied at doses of 1/5th, 1/10th and 1/20th of LD50. Significant changes were observed in all these parameters at all three sublethal doses. The morphological effects were related to underlying biochemical changes by finding the changes in haemolymph, fat body, ovary and egg protein profile. Marked changes were observed in storage proteins (80 kDa) and 30 kDa proteins in the haemolymph at all three sublethal doses. The larvae that escaped the sublethal effects at a dose of 1/20 of LD50 and emerged as adults with malformed wings produced significantly lower number of eggs. The isolated pupal abdomen (IPA) treated with RH-2485 did not metamorphose into adult but the oocyte development and vitellogenesis were normal but the egg precursor processing was incomplete leading to failure in choriogenesis.

scholarly journals Analysis on the Effect of Different Mulberry Varieties on the Commercial Parameters of Mulberry Silkworm (Bombyx mori): A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Rubia Bukhari ◽  
Kalpna Sudan
Keyword(s):  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Silkworm Larvae ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Mulberry Silkworm ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mulberry Plant ◽  
Silkworm Bombyx Mori

Sericulture is a commerce that involves the cultivation of mulberry plant species, the raising of silkworms, and the manufacture of silk. It is a sustainable, eco-friendly, and agricultural focused commerce. It is one of the largest employment industries, and it has played a significant role in rural opportunities and financial progress. The silkworm is the greatest mulberry assessor since different mulberry   types differ in numerous characteristics. Criteria for assessment have been created using a bioassay of silkworm larvae. The impact of a specific mulberry variety on a certain silkworm hybrid may be assessed based on growth/development, survival, and eventually cocoon generation, which directly influences silk productivity.

Anti-diabetic effects of the silkworm (Bombyx mori.) extracts in the db/db mice

Planta Medica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
KS Ryu ◽  
HS Lee ◽  
KY Kim ◽  
MJ Kim ◽  
PD Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Silkworm Bombyx Mori

Silkworm Bombyx Mori – An Economic Insect

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 535-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. SAVITHRI G. SAVITHRI ◽  
◽  
P. SUJATHAMMA P. SUJATHAMMA ◽  
V.Asha Krishna
Keyword(s):  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Silkworm Bombyx Mori
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