scholarly journals Histological and Immunofluorescence Study of Discal Ligaments in Human Temporomandibular Joint

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Michele Runci Anastasi ◽  
Antonio Centofanti ◽  
Alba Arco ◽  
Giovanna Vermiglio ◽  
Fabiana Nicita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Immunofluorescence Study ◽  
Collateral Ligaments ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Articular Capsule ◽  
Morphological Aspects

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a bilateral synovial articulation stabilized by several anatomical structures such as ligaments. The existence of articular capsule reinforcement structures have been described in the lateral and medial sides of disc which have been defined as collateral ligaments, lateral and medial. Despite that, some macroscopic observations support that these collateral ligaments do not belong to the articular capsule but they belong to the disc. By that, the aim of the present work was to evaluate morphological aspects of TMJ from cadaveric frozen heads by histological and immunofluorescence techniques in order to verify the origin and insertion of lateral and medial collateral ligaments. Results show that both lateral and medial ligaments origin from the disc and insert directly to the articular cartilage of mandibula condyle. These data open a new approach in the study of human TMJ.

Morphological aspects of decompensated osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-51
Author(s):  
Timur Bulatovich Minasov ◽  
Aleksey Evgenievich Strizhkov ◽  
Ekaterina Rishatovna Yakupova ◽  
Ruslan Maratovich Vakhitov-Kovalevich ◽  
Elvina Ilshatovna Mukhametzyanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Hyaline Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Collateral Ligaments ◽  
Morphological Aspects ◽  
Reduced Mobility

Degenerative pathology of the musculoskeletal system is one of the main causes of reduced mobility in patients of an older age group. The purpose of the research: to study the morphological features of the elements of the synovial environment of the knee joint against the background of decompensated osteoarthritis (OA). Signs of adaptation of the articular cartilage of the condyles of the femur in the form of restructuring of the cartilage tissue were revealed. The processes of replacing the subchondral bone with connective tissue followed by sclerosing, which subsequently led to decompensation of the structures of hyaline cartilage, were also revealed. Destructive-dystrophic processes in the menisci of the knee joint were noted. Collateral ligaments in patients with OA show signs of adaptation in the form of an expansion of the endotendineum interlayers between bundles of collagen fibers and an increase in the diameter of blood vessels.

scholarly journals Hip Arthroscopic Portals: A New Approach through Accessory Portals Established Within 3cm around Anterolateral Portal

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Hip Arthroscopy ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
New Technique ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Anterolateral Portal ◽  
Neurovascular Structures

Background: This new technique an approach through accessory portals established within 3cm around anterolateral portal has more advantageous aspect than any other approach taken during hip arthroscopy. Through this new approach injury to labrum, articular cartilage, neurovascular structures is avoided completely along with that this new approach makes the procedure easy and convenient. Aim: To prove that accessory portals established within 3cm around anterolateral portal makes the procedure and instrumentation facilitation easy and injury to anatomical structure and NVS can be avoided completely. Methods and materials: Anterolateral portal being the safest is established first and in relation to it within 3cm accessory portals are established as many as per need. Results: Every year an average of 40 patients undergo hip arthroscopy and in all cases our approach is through this new technique of accessory portals established within 3cm around anterolateral portal. Conclusion: The accessory portals we establish not only makes the hip arthroscopy easy but also help us avoid use of fluoroscopy and prolonged traction. The visualization within the hip joint of anatomical structure is more precise and accurate, and injury to anatomical structures and NVS is avoided completely.

MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE ARTICULAR CARTILAGE OF THE TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 164-165
Author(s):  
I.R. Gubaydullin ◽  
◽  
M.I. Astakhova ◽  
L.I. Kuznetsova ◽  
N.S. Kuznetsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Morphological Features

scholarly journals New Method for Analysis of the Temporomandibular Joint Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3070
Author(s):  
Sebastian Iwaszenko ◽  
Jakub Munk ◽  
Stefan Baron ◽  
Adam Smoliński
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Section Plane ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Volume Of Interest ◽  
Gap Width

Modern dentistry commonly uses a variety of imaging methods to support diagnosis and treatment. Among them, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is particularly useful in presenting head structures, such as the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The determination of the morphology of the joint is an important part of the diagnosis as well as the monitoring of the treatment results. It can be accomplished by measurement of the TMJ gap width at three selected places, taken at a specific cross-section. This study presents a new approach to these measurements. First, the CBCT images are denoised using curvilinear methods, and the volume of interest is determined. Then, the orientation of the vertical cross-section plane is computed based on segmented axial sections of the TMJ head. Finally, the cross-section plane is used to determine the standardized locations, at which the width of the gap between condyle and fossa is measured. The elaborated method was tested on selected TMJ CBCT scans with satisfactory results. The proposed solution lays the basis for the development of an autonomous method of TMJ index identification.

Temporomandibular Joint Imaging

2020 ◽  
pp. 582-697
Author(s):  
Mark Piper, DMD MD
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Temporomandibular Joints ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Masticatory System ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the temporomandibular joint are often not a routine part of a dental patient's pain and clinical evaluation. As a result, the most poorly understood region within the masticatory system is the temporomandibular joint foundation. Unfortunately, patient care and occlusal management are often compromised because of a lack of insight into the relationship between the anatomy of the temporomandibular joints and the occlusion. This chapter's four distinct sections review the key concepts about the temporomandibular joint foundation anatomical structures, detail structurally intact and structurally altered temporomandibular joint anatomy, clarify how structurally altered temporomandibular joints influence occlusal function, and classify the stages of temporomandibular joint structural degeneration. The concept of joint-based malocclusion is explored with numerous temporomandibular joint foundation anomalous software renderings, and sample CT and MR images, which together illustrate in detail how soft tissue and bony abnormalities in a structurally altered temporomandibular joint can create distortions in the occlusion. Lastly, the chapter addresses the specific requirements a clinician must technically master to perform a comprehensive CT or MR examination.

Internal Derangement of the Knee

2019 ◽  
pp. 247-269
Author(s):  
Ankur Garg
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Internal Derangement ◽  
Collateral Ligaments ◽  
Musculoskeletal Mri ◽  
Knee Pathology ◽  
Excellent Tool ◽  
General Technical ◽  
Technical Considerations

Chapter 108 focuses on knee MRI, first discussing some general technical considerations of musculoskeletal MRI, and then discussing individual components, including the menisci, cruciate and collateral ligaments and articular cartilage, which often contribute to knee pathology. After initial radiographic assessment, MRI is the most helpful imaging modality to detect internal derangement of the knee, and the knee is the most commonly ordered extremity MRI examination. MRI is an extremely powerful tool for determining the source of the patient’s symptoms and directing future treatment, and it is the most sensitive imaging study to evaluate the menisci, ligaments, tendons, and muscles in the setting of knee pain or instability. Additionally, MRI is also an excellent tool to evaluate the bones and articular cartilage.

Effect of functional lateral shift of the mandible on hyaluronic acid metabolism related to lubrication of temporomandibular joint in growing rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 658-663
Author(s):  
Xiyuan Guo ◽  
Ippei Watari ◽  
Yuhei Ikeda ◽  
Wu Yang ◽  
Takashi Ono
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Lateral Shift ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Condylar Cartilage ◽  
Growing Rats ◽  
Shift Group ◽  
Recovery Group

Summary Background Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a major molecular component of the articular cartilage of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) influencing joint lubrication. Functional lateral shift of the mandible (FLSM) can lead to malocclusion. This study investigated the effects of FLSM on HA metabolism and lubrication of the TMJ in growing rats. Methods Thirty 5-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into shift, recovery, and control groups. Rats in the shift and recovery groups were fitted with guiding plates to produce a 2-mm FLSM which were removed from the rats in the recovery group 14 days later. Animals were sacrificed at 14 and 28 days after the appliances were attached. Immunohistochemistry of HA-binding protein (HABP), hyaluronan synthase (HAS), and hyaluronoglucosaminidases (HYALs) was examined. Results The thickness of HABP-positively stained areas in the lateral regions in the bilateral condyle was reduced during the experimental period in the shift group compared with that in the control group. The proportion of HAS2-stained areas was bilaterally decreased in different regions of condylar cartilage during the experimental period in the shift group. The reduction of the HYAL2-stained area proportion in the condylar cartilage was more significant than that of HYAL1 at 14 days after appliance attachment in the shift group. HAS2 staining was not recovered in the recovery group. Limitations This research was based on animal experiments with a limited experimental period. Conclusion FLSM altered lubrication related HA metabolism in the articular cartilage of the TMJ in growing rats.

Area of cartilage accessible to curettage for subsequent arthrodesis of the equine proximal interphalangeal joint

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (06) ◽  
pp. 489-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Berchtold ◽  
J. M. Kuemmerle
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Proximal Interphalangeal Joint ◽  
Interphalangeal Joint ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Collateral Ligaments ◽  
Collateral Ligament ◽  
Contralateral Limb ◽  
Conventional Procedure ◽  
Articular Cartilage Surface ◽  
The Difference

SummaryThis study compared the areas of cartilage accessible for curettage in arthrodesis of the equine proximal interphalangeal joint using the conventional and collateral ligament sparing approaches. For this purpose, forelimbs and hindlimbs of six equine cadavers without radiographic evidence of proximal interphalangeal joint disease were used. One limb of each pair of limbs was randomly assigned to a dissection using a standard approach to the proximal interphalangeal joint including transection of the collateral ligaments, while each contralateral limb was exposed using the same approach but leaving the collateral ligaments intact. Hohmann retractors and Spratt curettes were then used to remove as much articular cartilage as possible. Finally, proximal interphalangeal joints were photographed and image analysis was performed.Using the collateral ligament sparing procedure, the mean percentage of articular cartilage surface removed (41.2%) was significantly less than using the conventional procedure (79.6%) (p <0.01). The difference between forelimbs and hindlimbs was not significant.

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