scholarly journals The SGLT-2 Inhibitors in Personalized Therapy of Diabetes Mellitus Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1249
Author(s):  
Mariana Cornelia Tilinca ◽  
Robert Aurelian Tiuca ◽  
Ioan Tilea ◽  
Andreea Varga
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Blood Pressure Reduction ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Oral Antihyperglycemic Agents ◽  
Modern Drug

Diabetes mellitus (DM) represents a major public health problem, with yearly increasing prevalence. DM is considered a progressive vascular disease that develops macro and microvascular complications, with a great impact on the quality of life of diabetic patients. Over time, DM has become one of the most studied diseases; indeed, finding new pharmacological ways to control it is the main purpose of the research involved in this issue. Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) are a modern drug class of glucose-lowering agents, whose use in DM patients has increased in the past few years. Besides the positive outcomes regarding glycemic control and cardiovascular protection in DM patients, SGLT-2i have also been associated with metabolic benefits, blood pressure reduction, and improved kidney function. The recent perception and understanding of SGLT-2i pathophysiological pathways place this class of drugs towards a particularized patient-centered approach, moving away from the well-known glycemic control strategy. SGLT-2i have been shown not only to reduce death from cardiovascular causes, but also to reduce the risk of stroke and heart failure hospitalization. This article aims to review and highlight the existing literature on the effects of SGLT-2i, emphasizing their role as oral antihyperglycemic agents in type 2 DM, with important cardiovascular and metabolic benefits.

RESEARCH SUPPORT FOR STUDIES RELATED TO DIABETES MELLITUS AND ITS COMPLICATIONS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-123
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Commission ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Diabetes Research ◽  
Hormone Synthesis ◽  
Grant Applications

Recognizing that diabetes mellitus and its complications represent a major public health problem in the United States today, the National Commission on Diabetes recommended an expansion of basic and clinical research into the cause, cure, and prevention of this disease and related endocrinologic and metabolic disorders. Anticipating that additional funds will be appropriated for the support of these activities, the following Institutes of the National Institutes of Health invite research grant applications related to diabetes mellitus and its complications: National Eye Institute; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institute of Arthritis, Metabolism, and Digestive Diseases; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institute of Dental Research; National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke; and National Institute on Aging. In this regard, investigators working in other areas of research are particularly encouraged to develop diabetes-related grant applications either independently or, where appropriate, in collaboration with individuals currently engaged in diabetes research. The emphasis in this solicitation is on both basic and/or clinical studies related to the etiology, natural history, epidemiology, diagnosis, pathogenesis, treatment, cure and prevention of diabetes mellitus and its sequelae. Within this context, some particular areas of research interests include studies related to aging; animal models; dental complications; genetic factors; immunology and viruses; macrovascular and microvascular complications; mechanism of hormone synthesis, secretion, action and degradation; metabolic regulation of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism; neonatology; neurologic complications; nutrition; obesity; ocular complications; pediatrics; pregnancy; psychosocial factors; renal complications; transplantation; and the development of devices that both monitor plasma glucose and administer insulin appropriately.

scholarly journals Study of HbA1C levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in relation to diabetic retinopathy in Indian population

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1397
Author(s):  
Lokesh S. ◽  
Shivaswamy S.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
Retinal Examination

Background: In the recent years diabetes mellitus (DM) has emerged as a major public health problem worldwide with potential to develop vascular and neuropathic complications. HbA1c has got an important role in monitoring the treatment and risk of developing micro and macrovascular complications. Present study is done to determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in association with raise in HbA1c and also to correlate the severity of Diabetic retinopathy with the levels of HbA1c.Methods: In this descriptive observational study 50 diabetes mellitus patients with visual disturbances who attended the Department of General medicine and Department of Ophthalmology between January 2012 to December 2012 at Vydehi institute of medical sciences and research centre are selected. All the patients were subjected to the relevant investigations along with dilated retinal examination and slit lamp examination. The results were tabulated according to the severity of retinopathy and other clinical variables.Results: In this study majority of the patient were in the age group of 61-70 years and 68% were male patients. Mean duration of diabetes mellitus was 9.8±5.34 years. Also 54% of them had coexisting hypertension. Present study showed the presence of diabetic retinopathy in 64% of patients, out of which 24% of them had mild DR and 14% had moderate DR.Conclusions: Present study showed as the HbA1c level increases severity of the diabetic retinopathy also increases. And also, patients who had microalbuminuria and longer the duration of diabetes higher the chances of microvascular complications. Hence HbA1c can be used as a useful tool to assess the long-term control of diabetes mellitus and hence the development of diabetic retinopathy.

scholarly journals Deteksi Dini Penyakit Arteri Perifer pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus di Kota Mataram

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-262
Author(s):  
Yanna Indrayana ◽  
Herpan Syafii Harahap ◽  
Ilsa Hunaifi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Peripheral Artery Disease ◽  
Blood Glucose Control ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Peripheral Artery ◽  
Artery Disease

Diabetes mellitus is currently becoming a major public health problem in the world. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus globally in 2019 is estimated at 9.3% and will increase to 10.9% in 2040. Peripheral artery disease is one of the important complications of diabetes mellitus. Patients with diabetes mellitus accompanied by peripheral artery disease have high morbidity and. Therefore, early detection of peripheral artery disease in diabetic patients is important. This event is carried out with the aim of early detection of peripheral artery disease in diabetes mellitus sufferers in Mataram. A total of 183 diabetes mellitus patients at the Siti Hajar Hospital, Mataram, were participated in this event, with an average age of 57 years and 67.8% of them were women. Most of the patients (75.4%) had poor blood glucose control. Of these, 26.8% of patients had peripheral artery disease. Patients and/or caregivers showed high enthusiasm during the education regarding the detection results of the peripheral artery disease. This event was very useful in increasing the knowledge of diabetic patients, especially in terms of blood sugar control, prevention, and management of peripheral artery disease.

scholarly journals PEFR and FEF25-75 in type 2 diabetes mellitus and their relationships with its duration

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Omar Ali ◽  
Shelina Begum ◽  
Noorzahan Begum ◽  
Taskina Ali ◽  
Sultana Ferdousi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem with increasing incidence worldwideand long term complications of various organs including lungs. The magnitude of the complicationsof this disease is related to its duration. Objective: To observe PEFR and FEF25-75 in type 2 diabeticmale and their relationship with duration of the disease. Methods: This cross sectional study wascarried out in the Department of Physiology, BSMMU, Dhaka, from 1st July 2007 to 30th June 2008 on60 type 2 diabetic, non smoker, male of 40-60 years old. For comparison, 30 age, BMI and socioeconomicstatus matched apparently healthy non diabetic subjects were also studied. Based on the duration ofdisease, diabetic patients were divided into B1 (5-10 years) and B2 (10-20 years). PEFR and FEF25-75 ofall the subjects were measured by an electronic spirometer. Data were analyzed by One way ANOVA,Unpaired Student's 't' and Pearson's correlation coefficient tests. Results: The mean percentage ofpredicted values of PEFR and FEF25-75 in non diabetic male were within normal ranges. But, both theparameters were significantly (p<0.001) lower in both the groups of type 2 diabetic male compared tothose of non diabetic male. Again, the PEFR and FEF25-75 were lower in the patients of longer durationcompared to those of shorter duration but the differences were not significant. However, PEFR wasnegatively correlated and FEF25-75 was positively correlated with shorter duration of diabetes and therelationships were nonsignificant. On the other hand, both the parameters were negatively correlatedwith longer duration of diabetes while only PEFR showed significant (p<0.01) relationship. Conclusion:The PEFR and FEF25-75 may be lower in type 2 diabetic male, which are inversely related to theduration of the disease.Key words: PEFR; FEF25-75; Diabetes Mellitus.DOI: 10.3329/jbsp.v5i1.5413J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2010 June; 5(1): 14-19

scholarly journals Correlation of C-Peptide and HbA1c in Type II Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 297-303
Author(s):  
V. Aruna
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Lipid Parameters

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Non Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus -NIDDM) is a chronic metabolic disorder most prevalent in India with microvascular complications. Several studies were underway to identify biomarkers to detect complications associated with increasing duration of disease. The present study was done to understand the role of Connecting peptide (C-peptide) in pathogenesis of microvascular changes and it’s correlation to dyslipidemia of T2DM. The study was done at Government General Hospital, Guntur. In this study 61 known T2 DM patients and 51 age sex matched controls were selected. Their fasting blood samples were analysed for FBS, HbA1C, Urea, Creatinine, Total Cholesterol, High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and C-peptide. Dyslipidemia was not observed in Diabetic patients compared to controls (TC, HDLC & NonHDL p = 0.363, 0.294 & 0.336 respectively). HbA1C and C-peptide showed significant correlation between cases and controls (P = <0.00001). C-peptide showed significant correlation with lipid parameters & lipid ratios in individuals with poor glycemic control identified by HbA1c value of >9%. (ANOVA p = <0.0001) Pearson’s correlation showed negative relation of HbA1c and C-peptide with lipid parameters TC, HDLC & Non HDLC (r = 0.378, 0.732, 0.313 and 0.81, 0.91 & 0.843 consecutively). C-peptide showed significant variation with Non HDL / HDL ratio & Non HDL / TC ratio (p = <0.002 & <0.00007) in diabetic patients with poor glycemic control identified by HbA1c of > 9%. We conclude that C-peptide would be a good marker to assess degree of function of pancreas and predictor of atherogenic complication in longstanding NIDDM. Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, C-peptide, HbA1c, Atherogenesis.

Effectiveness of mobile applications on healthy lifestyles aimed at diabetic patients: review of systematic reviews. (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Jesús Represas Carrera Sr ◽  
Ángel Alfredo Martínez Ques Sr ◽  
Ana Clavería Fontán Sr
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Healthy Lifestyles ◽  
Major Public Health Problem

BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is currently a major public health problem worldwide. It is traditionally approached in a clinical inpatient relationship between the patient and the healthcare professional. However, the rise of new technologies, particularly mobile applications, is revolutionizing the traditional healthcare model through the introduction of telehealthcare. OBJECTIVE (1) To assess the effects of mobile applications for improving healthy lifestyles on the quality of life and metabolic control of diabetes mellitus in adult patients. (2) To describe the characteristics of the mobile applications used, identify the healthy lifestyles they target, and describe any adverse effects their use may have. METHODS Review of systematic reviews and meta-analysis, following the guidelines of the Cochrane Collaboration and the Joanna Briggs Institute. We included studies that used any mobile application aimed at helping patients improve self-management of diabetes mellitus by focusing on healthy lifestyles. Studies needed to include a control group receiving regular care without the use of mobile devices. In May 2018, a search was conducted in Medline, Embase, Cochrane, LILACS, PsychINFO, Cinahl and Science Direct, updated in May 2019. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Amstar-2 tool. RESULTS Seven systematic reviews of 798 articles were initially selected for analysis. The interventions had a duration of between 1 and 12 months. Mobile applications focused singly or simultaneously on different lifestyles aspects (diet, physical exercise, motivation, blood glucose levels, etc.). There are significant changes in HbA1c values, body weight and BMI, although in others, such as lipid profile, quality of life, or blood pressure, there is no clear improvement. CONCLUSIONS There is clear evidence that the use of mobile applications improves glycemic control in diabetic patients in the short term. There is a lack of evidence in its long-term benefits. It is thus necessary to carry out further studies to learn about the long-term effectiveness of mobile applications aimed at promoting the healthy lifestyles of diabetic patients. CLINICALTRIAL PROSPERO Register: CRD42019133685

scholarly journals A preliminary study on diabetes self-management education and glycemic control among patients with diabetes mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kisokanth G. ◽  
Indrakumar J. ◽  
Prathapan S. ◽  
Joseph J. ◽  
Ilankoon I.M.P.S.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Management Education ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Preliminary Study

This study was aimed to assess the effectiveness of diabetes self-management education (DSME) in the improvement of glycemic control among patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in Batticaloa District, Sri Lanka. The study was a prospective interventional study and conducted as a preliminary study at medical clinic, Base hospital, Kaluwanchikudy, Batticaloa. Thirty patients with T2DM were included based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. A structured individual diabetes self-management education for 10 hours (one hour per week) was delivered to diabetic patients by the trained Nurse Health Educator. Glycosylate hemoglobin (HbA1c) was assessed as a main outcome measure and Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), Body Mass Index (BMI) of each patient were also measured and recorded before and after the intervention. The respondent rate was 96.7% (n = 29). Majority of them were females (n = 25, 86.2%). A Wilcoxon signed rank test showed that DSME had a statistically significant reduction in HbA1c [8.60 (IQR 2.60) vs. 7.40 (IQR 2.10), p = .000] and FBS level [159.00 (IQR 77.50) vs. 134.00 (IQR 40.50), p = .002] at 3 months of intervention. The mean BMI at baseline was higher compared to 3 months of intervention [24.88 (SD ± 3.06) vs. 24.19 (SD ± 2.79)] which was statistically significant (p = .000). Majority of participants (n = 22, 75.9%) had improved their HbA1c level by ≥ 0.5% in 3 months. The diabetes self-management education is an effective measure in improving glycemic control and other clinical parameters among patients with T2DM. Thus, DSME needs to be implemented among clinic patients with T2DM for the better outcome and the preventions of complications.

PERBEDAAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS RAWAT INAP RUMAH SAKIT ISLAM SAMARINDA SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH KONSELING GIZI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA AUDIOVISUAL

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Siswanto Siswanto ◽  
Ismail Kamba ◽  
Siti Aminah
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Visual Media ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Disease Mortality ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is one of the communicable diseases that have become a public health problem, not only in Indonesia but also the world. Currently morbidity of diabetes mellitus is increasing every year, where in 2006 there were 14 million people in 2011 and ranks fourth with 773 cases. DM is also a cause of disease mortality by 5.8%. And Samarinda own particular Islamic Hospital years 2009, there were 449 patients with DM, and 2011 an increase in the 1931 patients with diabetes mellitus. To increase patients’ knowledge about diabetes and diabetic patients be directing attitudes that support or positive attitude towards keeping blood glucose levels to remain normal. Methode to use pra eksperiment with one group pretest posttest. individual conseling withAudiovisual media. There is increased knowledge about diabetes diabetic patients before and after intervention with increasing value of 3.77 (p value = 0.000) and increase in attitudes regarding diabetes mellitus diabetic patients with an increase in the value of 5,35 (p value = 0.003). There was an increase in knowledge and attitudes of patients hospitalized with diabetes mellitus hospital after islam samarinda given nutritional counseling using audio-visual media

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ORAL AZITHROMYCIN AND METRONIDAZOLE AS AN ADJUNCT TO SCALING AND ROOT PLANING ON GLYCEMIC CONTROL IN TYPE II DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 449
Author(s):  
Dhivya K ◽  
Yogarajan K ◽  
Shanmugarajan T S
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Periodontal Therapy ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Oral Azithromycin

ABSTRACTObjective: Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by destruction of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone is the sixthcomplication of diabetes mellitus. Periodontal treatment that reduces gingival inflammation aids in the control of hyperglycemia. Therefore, thepresent study was designed to determine the effect of treating chronic periodontitis with oral antibiotics azithromycin and metronidazole on the levelof serum glycated hemoglobin in type-II diabetic patients.Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out in the dental department of a tertiary care hospital for 9 months. Clinical andbiochemistry reports of 90 patients were collected in designed case report forms. All statistical analyses were performed using IBM Statistical Packagefor Social Sciences 17 and Graph Pad Prism 7.0.Results: Significant reduction in all the clinical and dental parameters was comparatively higher in patients who received azithromycin than inpatients who received metronidazole and scaling and root planning alone.Conclusion: Periodontal therapy with oral azithromycin can be employed as a supportive strategy for the management of diabetes mellitus.Henceforth, prevention and control of periodontal disease along with antibiotics must be considered an integral part of glycemic control. However,due to the lesser sample size in this study, further investigations are required to confirm the effect of periodontal therapy on systemic diseases.Keywords: Periodontitis, Azithromycin, Metronidazole, Glycemic control, Diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals A study on validity of Indian Diabetes Risk Score for screening of diabetes mellitus among rural adult population at Rural Health Training Centre, Bhouri, under Department of Community Medicine

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 5295
Author(s):  
Garima Namdev ◽  
Vinod Narkhede
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Rural Health ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Training Centre ◽  
Health Training ◽  
Diabetes Risk Score

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem in India and many of them remain undetected throughout years. This scenario becomes worse in rural setup where limited heath care facilities are available. So, to detect risk of diabetes earlier, Indian diabetes risk score (IDRS) is to be used. There is also various socio demographic and anthropometric factors associated with the risk of occurring diabetes. The aims and objectives of the study were to study the validity of IDRS method as a screening tool in community as well as to determine the association of IDRS with socio demographic factors and body mass index (BMI).Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 270 study participants at rural health training centre (RHTC) for a period of around 7 months. All of them were being measured weight, height, waist circumference and calculated BMI. Along with it, they were categorized by applying IDRS method and measured blood sugar by glucometer also.Results: Out of 270 study subjects, 29% found to have high score. By applying IDRS, at score > 60, we found 32% sensitivity and 97% specificity. A statistically significant association of IDRS with age, gender, religion, socioeconomic status (SES), education, occupation and BMI was seen.Conclusions: In present study, IDRS method proved to be a good screening tool for detecting diabetes mellitus at rural set up with minimum cost.

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