scholarly journals Dynamics of the Condition of Reclaimed Agricultural Lands in the Russian Federation

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1288
Author(s):  
Vera L. Snezhko ◽  
Dmitriy M. Benin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
State Monitoring ◽  
The Past ◽  
Regional Management ◽  
Poor Water Quality ◽  
The Russian Federation

Water reclamation contributes to a guaranteed increase in the yield of agricultural lands and can also negatively affect the quality of the land. Technical malfunction of reclamation systems, outdated reclamation technologies, poor water quality, and untimely drainage may result in such negative processes as resalting and bogging. In Russia, state monitoring of reclaimed lands is carried out annually and obtained data are used to identify soil degradation and pollution to fix the problems at the appropriate times. The Russian economic crisis at the end of the last century affected the state of the reclaimed lands. The authors have analyzed the reclamation state of agricultural lands in all constituent entities of the Russian Federation for the period between 2010 and 2020. The entities have been classified according to the reclamation state of lands located within their territories. The authors have evaluated the structural changes over the past decade and analyzed their causes. The research results can help solve the problems of federal and regional management of reclaimed lands. They are also applicable to solving the problems of choosing priority areas of investment policy to preserve soil fertility.

Reform in the Rail and Electricity sectors in Russia: Restructuring, Competition and the Ministry for Antimonopoly Policy

2003 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pittman
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
International Experience ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Control ◽  
Two Sectors

The Russian Federation is in the process of making major structural changes to its railway and electricity sectors. Both sectors will be at least partly vertically disintegrated, with the aim of creating competition in the “upstream” sector while maintaining state ownership and control of the monopoly “grid”. This paper examines the details of reform and restructuring in the context of the international experience with reform and restructuring in these two sectors, and considers the role of the Ministry for Antimonopoly Policy in reform, both in the past as an “advocate for competition” within the government, and in the future as the guarantor of non-discriminatory access to the grids by non-integrated upstream producers.

scholarly journals Soil quality indicators of arable lands in the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-67
Author(s):  
V. S. Stolbovoy ◽  
A. M. Grebennikov
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Soil Quality Indicators ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
The Russian Federation

The study presents three groups of Soil Quality Indicators (SQI) of arable lands in the Russian Federation, such as agroclimate conditions, soil parameters and negative soil characteristics. The selection of SQI meets the requirements of the crop growth model for calculating the standard crop yield. The application of SQI in the Grain Equivalent Model allows ranking quality of the soils of agricultural lands in the country. The share of the best quality Chernozems with the standard yield of grain crops exceeding 4 t/ha is about 10%. At the same time, arable Chernozems occupy nearly 66% of total area of agricultural lands. More than 74% of the arable lands including podzolized and leached Chernozems in the northern part and Chernozems southern in the southern part of the agricultural zone are characterized by medium quality with the standard yield of grain crops 2-4 t/ha. About 10% of the arable land occupied by Chestnut solonetzic and saline soils are of poorer quality with the standard yield of grain crops less than 1 t/ha. The proposed indicators are included in the government programs for valuating and monitoring the quality of agricultural lands. The universal validity of indicators is a basis for the development of a new generation of standards for the protection and rational use of soils based on modern digital technologies and GIS approaches.

scholarly journals Principles of Standardization of Crimean Hemorrhagic Fever Diagnostics and Its Present-Day Peculiarities in the Territory of the Russian Federation

2012 ◽  
pp. 55-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Maletskaya ◽  
S. A. Shcherbakova ◽  
A. P. Beyer ◽  
T. V. Taran ◽  
B. A. Khapaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Natural Focus ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
The Past ◽  
Laboratory Facilities ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Diagnostic Investigations

It is stated that due to epidemic manifestations Crimean hemorrhagic fever (CHF) has recently become one of the most pressing issues in the South of the European part of the Russian Federation, the area where its integrated natural focus is situated. In this respect, analyzed are the data on CHF monitoring over the past decade (since 1999); determined are the main epidemiological peculiarities of the infection in the modern period. Furthermore, outlined are the basic principles of development of the unified standard concerning epidemiological and laboratory diagnostics of the disease. Emphasized is the importance of differentiation in scope and nomenclature of diagnostic investigations in laboratory facilities of different echelons, which makes it possible to increase plausibility and quality of the surveys conducted, and carry out verification of the results obtained.

scholarly journals Sustainable Development of the Labor Market in the European North of the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 11058
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Pushkareva ◽  
Mikhail Pushkarev
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
European North ◽  
World Markets ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Mining Complex

The economy of the European North of the Russian Federation is predominantly based on the use of natural resources. The mining complex remains the leading one in its structure. Its specialization focused on the production of raw materials and the export of products with low added value increases the dependence of the socio-economic situation on the conditions in world commodity and raw materials markets. The economies of the regions under consideration have some common features: the economies are export-oriented. Consequently, the economy depends on world prices for relevant products, conditions in world markets, and a number of political factors. The work revealed a change in the amount of labor force in recent years, assessed structural changes in the economy that affect the dynamics of employment and the level of qualifications. The quality of life of the population in the regions of the European North of Russia is also assessed in this paper.

scholarly journals Improving  Internal  Audit  in  the  Public  Sector

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
D. R. Giniyatullina
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Internal Audit ◽  
Financial Control ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
The Russian Federation

The transition to a digital economy, as well as structural changes generated in connection with this and a set of theoretical, methodological and practical issues related to the development of organizational and methodological support of subjects of internal financial auditing in public sector organizations, are relevant and most interesting for scientific study. The last decade has undergone a fundamental change in the organization of internal financial audits, associated with the implementation of international norms and standards in the legislation of the Russian Federation. In accordance with the international concept of state internal financial control, the division of internal control and internal auditing functions is carried out. In Russia, such a distinction at the legislative level was made in July 2013 by amending the Budget Code of the Russian Federation and delegating the appropriate budgetary authority to the administrators of the federal budget. The government of the Russian Federation has approved a program to improve the efficiency of public finance management for the period until 2018, which indicates the need to improve the quality of financial management in executive bodies and state (municipal) institutions. The practical implementation of this task is associated primarily with improving the quality of internal financial control and auditing.

Prevalence of tuberculosis in Russian Federation in 1970–2019 and factors influencing its level

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-33
Author(s):  
M. V. Shilova
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
The Past ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Detection Quality

The data on the prevalence of tuberculosis in the Russian Federation are presented. A decrease in the prevalence of tuberculosis over the past 49 years, from 1970 to 2019, and a decrease in the number of patients with tuberculosis are shown. The factors influencing the prevalence of tuberculosis infection in the Russian Federation are considered: timely detection, quality of diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis patients, MBT drug resistance, HIV infection in tuberculosis patients. The reliability of indicators characterizing the prevalence of tuberculosis has been studied.

scholarly journals Ecological and Economic Consequences of Water Pollution

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 7056-7062
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Technical Problem ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
State Monitoring ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
The Russian Federation

Modern society is witnessing the emergence of one of the most acute problems - the protection of natural waters from pollution. In the conditions of the scientific and technological revolution, the human impact on the environment has become so significant that the question of the guarantees of the existence of life on Earth seriously arises. Nature is no longer able to compensate for violations caused by industrial and other human activities without human help. Pollution of surface and groundwater is one of the most harmful and dangerous negative effects of human activity on water object, which leads not only to irreversible adverse changes in the quality of water and aquatic ecosystems, but also directly affects all living organisms on our planet. The problem of protecting surface water from pollution over the past few decades remains one of the most acute environmental problems of the Russian Federation, representing a very difficult socio-economic and scientific-technical problem. The frivolous attitude of society and the state towards the environment, the actual priority of the economy over ecology in public policy led to a significant deterioration in the quality of the environment, which is especially pronounced in the state of many water objects in the Russian Federation, as evidenced by official state monitoring.

On the Evolution of Regulatory Requirements for the Rheological Characteristics Of Road Binders in Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-48
Author(s):  
A. A. Gureev ◽  
◽  
P. M. Tyukilina. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Rheological Characteristics ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
The Past ◽  
Stable Production ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Federation

This review article provides a brief analysis of the history of the regulation of the fundamental criteria for assessing the quality of road bitumen materials in the Russian Federation over the past decades. With an emphasis on their rheological characteristics, which determine the durability of asphalt concrete pavements, in which the binder "works" in a film state. This allows researchers to reasonably determine the directions for further research to improve the quality of road binders. Special attention is paid to the relevance and expediency of developments for the creation of premium grades of polymer bitumen binders and the introduction of technologies for stable production at refineries of ordinary binders from raw materials of various genesis. The immediate need for organizing the production of binders according to the SuperPave system was also noted.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document