Integrated Land Use Change Related Carbon Source/Sink Examination in Jiangsu Province

Carbon emission (CE) threatens global climate change severely, leading to the continuous strengthening of the greenhouse effect. Land use changes can greatly affect the ecosystem carbon budget and anthropogenic CE. Based on the land use grids, net ecosystem productivity (NEP), energy consumption-related CE, this study employed various methods to investigate the impact of land use change on carbon balance. The results showed 10.03% of total land use area has land use type changed between 2000 and 2015. Built-up land occupied cropland was the main land use transfer type. The period with the most intense land use changes was 2005–2010, which was constant with the process of China’s urbanization. NEP presented an overall increasing trend excluding built-up land and water areas. Temporally, CE showed an increasing trend in 2000–2015, especially in the industry sector. Spatially, areas with the high energy-related CE were mainly distributed in the south, which has a relatively high economic level. The land use intensity values of cities in Jiangsu all presented an overall increasing trend, which is related to the economic development and local endowment. Cities with higher land use intensity were usually accompanied with high CE, suppressing NEP growth. From 2000 to 2015, soil carbon storage reduced by 0.15 × 108 t, vegetation carbon storage reduced by 0.04 × 108 t, and CE reached 17.42 × 108 t. Total CE caused by land use change reached 15.46 × 108 t. The findings can make references for the low-carbon development from ecological land protection, strengthen land management, and optimize urban planning.

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Future Impacts of Land Use Change on Ecosystem Services under Different Scenarios in the Ecological Conservation Area, Beijing, China

Forests ◽

10.3390/f11050584 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 584 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Zuzheng Li ◽

Xiaoqin Cheng ◽

Hairong Han

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Ecosystem Services ◽

Land Use Change ◽

Carbon Storage ◽

Soil Conservation ◽

Land Use Changes ◽

Conservation Area ◽

Trade Offs ◽

Ecological Conservation ◽

Flood Regulation

Ecosystem services (ES), defined as benefits provided by the ecosystem to society, are essential to human well-being. However, it remains unclear how they will be affected by land-use changes due to lack of knowledge and data gaps. Therefore, understanding the response mechanism of ecosystem services to land-use change is critical for developing systematic and sound land planning. In this study, we aimed to explore the impacts of land-use change on the three ecosystem services, carbon storage (CS), flood regulation (FR), and soil conservation (SC), in the ecological conservation area of Beijing, China. We first projected land-use changes from 2015 to 2030, under three scenarios, i.e., Business as Usual (BAU), Ecological Land Protection (ELP), and Rapid Economic Development (RED), by interactively integrating the Markov model (Quantitative simulation) with the GeoSOS-FLUS model (Spatial arrangement), and then quantified the three ecosystem services by using a spatially explicit InVEST model. The results showed that built-up land would have the most remarkable growth during 2015–2030 under the RED scenario (2.52% increase) at the expense of cultivated and water body, while forest land is predicted to increase by 152.38 km2 (1.36% increase) under the ELP scenario. The ELP scenario would have the highest amount of carbon storage, flood regulation, and soil conservation, due to the strict protection policy on ecological land. The RED scenario, in which a certain amount of cultivated land, water body, and forest land is converted to built-up land, promotes soil conservation but triggers greater loss of carbon storage and flood regulation capacity. The conversion between land-use types will affect trade-offs and synergies among ecosystem services, in which carbon storage would show significant positive correlation with soil conservation through the period of 2015 to 2030, under all scenarios. Together, our results provide a quantitative scientific report that policymakers and land managers can use to identify and prioritize the best practices to sustain ecosystem services, by balancing the trade-offs among services.

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Link between Land Use and Flood Risk Assessment in Urban Areas

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/proceedings2019030062 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 62

Author(s):

Zahra Kalantari ◽

Johanna Sörensen

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Use Change ◽

Green Infrastructure ◽

Flood Risk ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Land Use Changes ◽

Drainage System ◽

Property Owners ◽

Pluvial Flooding ◽

The Impact

The densification of urban areas has raised concerns over increased pluvial flooding. Flood risk in urban areas might increase under the impact of land use changes. Urbanisation involves the conversion of natural areas to impermeable areas, causing lower infiltration rates and increased runoff. When high-intensity rainfall exceeds the capacity of an urban drainage system, the runoff causes pluvial flooding in low-laying areas. In the present study, a long time series (i.e., 20 years) of geo-referenced flood claims from property owners has been collected and analysed in detail to assess flood risk as it relates to land use changes in urban areas. The flood claim data come from property owners with flood insurance that covers property loss from overland flooding, groundwater intrusion through basement walls, as well as flooding from drainage systems; these data serve as a proxy of flood severity. The spatial relationships between land use change and flood occurrences in different urban areas were analysed. Special emphasis was placed on examining how nature-based solutions and blue-green infrastructure relate to flood risk. The relationships are defined by a statistical method explaining the tendencies whereby land use change affects flood risk.

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Carbon density and anthropogenic land-use influences on net land-use change emissions

Biogeosciences ◽

10.5194/bg-10-6323-2013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 6323-6337 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

S. J. Smith ◽

A. Rothwell

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Use Change ◽

Secondary Forest ◽

Land Use Changes ◽

Forest Harvesting ◽

Integrated Assessment Model ◽

Assessment Model ◽

Carbon Cycle Model ◽

Land Use Scenario ◽

The Impact

Abstract. We examine historical and future land-use emissions using a simple mechanistic carbon-cycle model with regional and ecosystem specific parameterizations. We use the latest gridded data for historical and future land-use changes, which includes estimates for the impact of forest harvesting and secondary forest regrowth. Our central estimate of net terrestrial land-use change emissions, exclusive of climate–carbon feedbacks, is 250 GtC over the last 300 yr. This estimate is most sensitive to assumptions for preindustrial forest and soil carbon densities. We also find that land-use change emissions estimates are sensitive to the treatment of crop and pasture lands. These sensitivities also translate into differences in future terrestrial uptake in the RCP (representative concentration pathway) 4.5 land-use scenario. The estimate of future uptake obtained here is smaller than the native values from the GCAM (Global Change Assessment Model) integrated assessment model result due to lower net reforestation in the RCP4.5 gridded land-use data product.

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Temporal-Spatial Variations and Influencing Factor of Land Use Change in Xinjiang, Central Asia, from 1995 to 2015

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11030696 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 696 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Qun Liu ◽

Zhaoping Yang ◽

Cuirong Wang ◽

Fang Han

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Use Change ◽

Central Asia ◽

Influencing Factor ◽

Land Use Changes ◽

Spatial Variations ◽

Water Bodies ◽

Unused Land ◽

Basin Scale ◽

The Impact

In this study, we analyzed the temporal-spatial variations of the characteristics of land use change in central Asia over the past two decades. This was conducted using four indicators (change rate, equilibrium extent, dynamic index, and transfer direction) and a multi-scale correlation analysis method, which explained the impact of recent environmental transformations on land use changes. The results indicated that the integrated dynamic degree of land use increased by 2.2% from 1995 to 2015. The areas of cropland, water bodies, and artificial land increased, with rates of 1047 km2/a, 39 km2/a, and 129 km2/a, respectively. On the other hand, the areas of forest, grassland, and unused land decreased, with rates of 54 km2/a, 803 km2/a, and 359 km2/a, respectively. There were significant increases in cropland and water bodies from 1995 to 2005, while the amount of artificial land significantly increased from 2005 to 2015. The increased areas of cropland in Xinjiang were mainly converted from grassland and unused land from 1995 to 2015, while the artificial land increase was mainly a result of the conversion from cropland, grassland, and unused land. The area of cropland rapidly expanded in south Xinjiang, which has led to centroid position to move cropland in Xinjiang in a southwest direction. Economic development and the rapid growth of population size are the main factors responsible for the cropland increases in Xinjiang. Runoff variations have a key impact on cropland changes at the river basin scale, as seen in three typical river basins.

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Impacts of climate variability and land-use change on hydrology in the period 1981-2009 in the central highlands of Vietnam

Global NEST Journal ◽

10.30955/gnj.001706 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 870-881 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Use Change ◽

Climate Variability ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Meteorological Data ◽

Land Use Changes ◽

Hydrological Regime ◽

Hydrological Response ◽

Central Highlands ◽

The Impact

<div> <p>In this study, we investigated the separate and combined impacts of climate and land-use changes on hydrological response in the Central Highlands of Vietnam during the period 1981-2009. The Mann-Kendall and Pettit tests were applied to detect the trends in the hydro-meteorological data. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was setup in the region, and evaluation based on daily data highlights the models adequacy. From this, the responses of hydrology to climate variability and land-use changes were considered. Overall, variability in climate seems to strongly drive the variability in the hydrological response in comparison to alternations in the hydrological regime due to land-use change during the period 1981-2009. The results indicate that land-use change had a minor impact on the annual flow (0.4% reduction), whilst the impact from climate variability had been more significant (13.5% change). Under the impact of coupled climate variability and land-use change, the annual streamflow increased by 13.1%.</p> </div> <p> </p>

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Land-Use Change Analysis of National Southern Cross Road Route Development in Bantul Regency

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202132507001 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 325 ◽

pp. 07001

Author(s):

Utia Kafafa ◽

Rika Harini

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Use Change ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Land Use Changes ◽

Spatial Dynamics ◽

Specific Pattern ◽

Change Analysis ◽

The Road ◽

Quantitative Descriptive ◽

The Impact

The National Southern Cross Road Route well known as Jalan Jalur Lintas Selatan (JJLS) in Indonesia. The segment which crosses Bantul Regency has 16.65 km long. The development of JJLS will have various kinds of impacts on the community around the road infrastructure. This study wants to know how the impact of the development that saw from the spatial dynamics of land-use change. The study area is located in Poncosari, Gadingsari, Srigading, Tirtohargo, and Parangtritis Village. We process the data using the map overlay technique then analyze it with quantitative descriptive. The results of this study are the development of JJLS in Bantul Regency has not significantly affected the land-use changes. It is evident from the location of the land-use change which is far from the road and tends to be disheveled. The Land-use changes that occur do not form a specific pattern such as the pattern of conversion of agricultural land into non-agricultural land. The less significant changes in land use are caused by the condition of the JJLS which is not yet fully connected. Moreover, the status of land ownership around JJLS is Sultan Ground so a special permit is needed if the community wants to use the land.

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The impact of land use change, climate change and reservoir construction on ecosystem services in a Mediterranean catchment

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-7177 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Joris Eekhout ◽

Carolina Boix-Fayos ◽

Pedro Pérez-Cutillas ◽

Joris de Vente

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Land Use ◽

Ecosystem Services ◽

Land Use Change ◽

Urban Expansion ◽

Land Use Changes ◽

Sediment Concentration ◽

Low Flow ◽

Reservoir Construction ◽

The Impact

<p>The Mediterranean region has been identified as one of the most affected global hot-spots for climate change. Recent climate change in the Mediterranean can be characterized by faster increasing temperatures than the global mean and significant decreases in annual precipitation. Besides, important land cover changes have occurred, such as reforestation, agricultural intensification, urban expansion and the construction of many reservoirs, mainly with the purpose to store water for irrigation. Here we study the impacts of these changes on several ecosystem services in the Segura River catchment, a typical large Mediterranean catchment where many of the before mentioned changes have occurred in the last half century. We applied a hydrological model, coupled with a soil erosion and sediment transport model, to study the impact of climate and land cover change and reservoir construction on ecosystem services for the period 1971-2010. Eight ecosystem services indicators were defined, which include runoff, plant water stress, hillslope erosion, reservoir sediment yield, sediment concentration, reservoir storage, flood discharge and low flow. To assess larger land use changes, we also applied the model for an extended period (1952-2018) to the Taibilla subcatchment, a typical Mediterranean mountainous subcatchment, which plays an important role in the provision of water within the Segura River catchment. As main results we observed that climate change in the evaluated period is characterized by a decrease in precipitation and an increase in temperature. Detected land use change over the past 50 years is typical for many Mediterranean catchments. Natural vegetation in the headwaters increased due to agricultural land abandonment. Agriculture expanded in the central part of the catchment, which most likely is related to the construction of reservoirs in the same area. The downstream part of the catchment is characterized by urban expansion. While land use changed in more than 30% of the catchment, most impact on ecosystem services can be attributed to climate change and reservoir construction. All these changes have had positive and negative impacts on ecosystem services. The positive impacts include a decrease in hillslope erosion, sediment yield, sediment concentration and flood discharge (-21%, -18%, -82% and -41%, respectively). The negative impacts include an increase in plant water stress (+5%) and a decrease in reservoir storage (-5%). The decrease in low flow caused by land use change was counteracted by an increase in low flow due to reservoir construction. The results of our study highlight how relatively small climate and land use changes compared to the changes foreseen for the coming decades, have had an important impact on ecosystem services over the past 50 years.</p>

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The Impact of Land Use Change on Ecosystem Service Value in the Upstream of Xiong’an New Area

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12145707 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (14) ◽

pp. 5707

Author(s):

Zhiyin Wang ◽

Jiansheng Cao ◽

Chunyu Zhu ◽

Hui Yang

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Use Change ◽

Ecosystem Service ◽

Land Use Changes ◽

Contribution Rate ◽

Ecosystem Service Value ◽

Construction Land ◽

Service Value ◽

Land Use Types ◽

The Impact

The development of the Xiong’an New Area is a crucial strategy for the next millennium in China. The ecosystem upstream of the Xiong’an New Area, serving for the development of the Xiong’an New Area, changed with land use changes. To analyze the contribution rate of the land use change to the ecosystem service value, we analyzed the land use changes of three small watersheds (7318.56 km2) upstream of the Xiong’an New Area based on a total of six phases of land use data from 1980 to 2015. Then, the ecosystem service value (ESV) was calculated using the equivalent factor method. The results showed that the construction land and arable land were the largest land use types that increased and decreased in the area of the study area, respectively. The grassland and construction land were the land use types with the largest transfer-out area and transfer-in area, respectively. The regulating services accounted for the largest proportion of total ESV among different ecosystem service functions, and the grassland and woodland accounted for the largest proportion of total ESV among different land use types. ESV in the study area fluctuated slightly from 1980 to 2015. The decrease of ESV mainly occurred in the surrounding areas of mountain towns, and the conversion of cultivated land to construction land was the main reason for the decrease of ESV in this area. The conversion of grassland to construction land had the largest contribution rate to the decrease of ESV in the study area, while the conversion of grassland to waters had the largest contribution rate to the increase of ESV. In conclusion, controlling the development of construction land and strengthening water resources’ protection may improve the ecosystem service value in the upstream Xiong’an New Area in the future.

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Biodiversity Impacts of Increased Ethanol Production in Brazil

Land ◽

10.3390/land9010012 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 12

Author(s):

A.S. Duden ◽

P.A. Verweij ◽

A.P.C. Faaij ◽

D. Baisero ◽

C. Rondinini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Species Richness ◽

Land Use Change ◽

Ethanol Production ◽

Atlantic Forest ◽

Land Use Changes ◽

Future Research ◽

Nature Protection ◽

Indirect Land Use Change ◽

The Impact

Growing domestic and international ethanol demand is expected to result in increased sugarcane cultivation in Brazil. Sugarcane expansion currently results in land-use changes mainly in the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest biomes, two severely threatened biodiversity hotspots. This study quantifies potential biodiversity impacts of increased ethanol demand in Brazil in a spatially explicit manner. We project changes in potential total, threatened, endemic, and range-restricted mammals’ species richness up to 2030. Decreased potential species richness due to increased ethanol demand in 2030 was projected for about 19,000 km2 in the Cerrado, 17,000 km2 in the Atlantic Forest, and 7000 km2 in the Pantanal. In the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest, the biodiversity impacts of sugarcane expansion were mainly due to direct land-use change; in the Pantanal, they were largely due to indirect land-use change. The biodiversity impact of increased ethanol demand was projected to be smaller than the impact of other drivers of land-use change. This study provides a first indication of biodiversity impacts related to increased ethanol production in Brazil, which is useful for policy makers and ethanol producers aiming to mitigate impacts. Future research should assess the impact of potential mitigation options, such as nature protection, agroforestry, or agricultural intensification.

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Comparing the impact of future cropland expansion on global biodiversity and carbon storage across models and scenarios

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rstb.2019.0189 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 375 (1794) ◽

pp. 20190189 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Amy Molotoks ◽

Roslyn Henry ◽

Elke Stehfest ◽

Jonathan Doelman ◽

Petr Havlik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Use Change ◽

Carbon Storage ◽

Direct Consequence ◽

Theme Issue ◽

Carbon Loss ◽

Projected Image ◽

The Impact ◽

Effects Of Land Use ◽

Variance Explained

Land-use change is a direct driver of biodiversity and carbon storage loss. Projections of future land use often include notable expansion of cropland areas in response to changes in climate and food demand, although there are large uncertainties in results between models and scenarios. This study examines these uncertainties by comparing three different socio-economic scenarios (SSP1–3) across three models (IMAGE, GLOBIOM and PLUMv2). It assesses the impacts on biodiversity metrics and direct carbon loss from biomass and soil as a direct consequence of cropland expansion. Results show substantial variation between models and scenarios, with little overlap across all nine projections. Although SSP1 projects the least impact, there are still significant impacts projected. IMAGE and GLOBIOM project the greatest impact across carbon storage and biodiversity metrics due to both extent and location of cropland expansion. Furthermore, for all the biodiversity and carbon metrics used, there is a greater proportion of variance explained by the model used. This demonstrates the importance of improving the accuracy of land-based models. Incorporating effects of land-use change in biodiversity impact assessments would also help better prioritize future protection of biodiverse and carbon-rich areas. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Climate change and ecosystems: threats, opportunities and solutions’.

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