scholarly journals Of Animal Husbandry and Food Production—A First Step towards a Modular Agent-Based Modelling Platform for Socio-Ecological Dynamics

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1366
Author(s):  
Gerrit Günther ◽  
Thomas Clemen ◽  
Rainer Duttmann ◽  
Brigitta Schütt ◽  
Daniel Knitter
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Western Turkey ◽  
Ecological Dynamics ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Suitability Maps ◽  
Production Value

Agent-based models provide detailed, bottom-up approaches to investigate complex socio-ecological systems. This study presents a first step towards a modular agent-based simulation that is based upon empirical data, as well as environmental suitability maps and an assessment of livestock units. To illustrate the capabilities of our simulation, we use a geographically explicit approach to simulate a component of the production of animal products of a rural settlement in the lower Bakırçay catchment, western Turkey. The model structurally couples various agent types representing several elements and processes of the animal husbandry and food production value chain, such as sedentary herders—practising daily, short-distance pastoralism—and their flocks of goats and sheep, as well as milking and slaughtering. The modelling tool captures the fundamental socio-ecological dynamics of animal husbandry and food production in rural settlements. Therefore, the tool is valuable as a basis to discuss hypotheses regarding the number of animals that are needed to cover the requirements of different growing populations.

scholarly journals State management of the national food security in Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 08011
Author(s):  
Minh Duc Tran
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Food Production ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Issue ◽  
Storage Process ◽  
State Management ◽  
The Status ◽  
Production Value ◽  
National Food Security

Ensuring national food security for the present and future under any circumstance is a current urgent and complicated issue in Vietnam in the context of climate change, disease and in the process of striving Vietnam to become an industrialized country towards modernization. Ensuring food security has become a legal issue for every country, including Vietnam. To ensure national food security, there is a need for a state management. Therefore, this paper focuses on analyzing the status of regulations and applying the law in a state management of food security. Based on a comparison with the achievement of the goal of national food security in Vietnam, the article points out some of the current limitations and shortcomings in the State management of food security; then, proposes some solutions to improve the efficiency of the state management in this area, including: good management of planning production land for food; improve the state management apparatus of the national food security; increasing investment in infrastructure and scientific research serving food production; review the role and effectiveness of each stage in the food production value chain; improve policies to ensure a reasonable and stable profit for people who producer, storage, process and distribute food.

scholarly journals The value of quality

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
András Nábrádi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Consumer Expectations ◽  
Quality Costs ◽  
Quality Categories ◽  
Optimal Quality ◽  
Quality Production

The significance of quality production and quality improvement is widely acknowledged by many but few specify what should be improved and what quality should be produced. The reason may be that there are different quality categories in the process of the value chain. Moreover, the issue of quality costs, i.e. economically optimal quality has not yet been explored yet. The present study raises problems in the pigmeat verticum, but similar studies are needed in other animal husbandry sectors as well. It is reasonable to treat the quality categories of animal products in a complex way, as this allows the full satisfaction of consumer expectations at the certain stages of the value chain and solvent demand as well.

scholarly journals Contribution of livestock to food production in developing countries

1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-206
Author(s):  
Hank Fitzhugh
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Livestock Products

On a global basis, livestock products - meat, milk, eggs and fibre - account for 40% of the value of total marketed agricultural product. Animal products provide essential amino acids, vitamins and minerals to help ensure nutritionally balanced diets. In developing countries, livestock traction and manure also contribute to food production through improved cultivation and soil fertility which increase crop yields. On average, the proportional contribution of livestock product to dietary calories and protein in developed countries is double that for developing countries. Demand for livestock products is fuelled by the population increase, income growth and urbanisation in developing countries. Therefore, over the past decade, consumption of livestock product has sharply increased in developing countries, while slightly decreasing in developed countries where consumption is already relatively high on average. Increased demand in developing countries increases income for producers, but also stresses the environment through pollution, soil erosion, overgrazing and deforestation. Research involving global partnerships of scientists and institutes can help ensure that the increased demands for livestock product in developing countries will be met in economically feasible and environmentally sustainable ways.

scholarly journals Data Atlas of Byzantine and Ottoman Material Culture: Archiving Medieval and Post-Medieval Archaeological Fieldwork Data from the Eastern Mediterranean (600–2000 ad), Phase 1

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
J.A.C. Vroom
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Western Turkey ◽  
Central Greece ◽  
Eastern Turkey ◽  
Urban Sites

This Data Atlas of Byzantine and Ottoman Material Culture involves the archiving, storing and making accessible of Medieval and Post-Medieval data from several archaeological missions in the eastern Mediterranean (period 600–2000 ad). The data mainly originate from pottery studies carried out during excavations in four major urban centres and during two surface surveys in their respective surroundings. The urban sites are Butrint in southern Albania, Athens in central Greece, Ephesus in western Turkey and Tarsus in eastern Turkey, the material culture of which is studied in relation to archaeological finds from rural settlements and towns in their hinterlands (e.g., Aetolia, Boeotia).

scholarly journals Oxytetracycline and Monensin Uptake by Tifton 85 Bermudagrass from Dairy Manure-Applied Soil

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 468
Author(s):  
Sheldon S. Hilaire ◽  
Barbara Bellows ◽  
Jeff A. Brady ◽  
James P. Muir
Keyword(s):  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Human Medicine ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Forage Grass ◽  
Veterinary Antibiotics ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Plant Matter

To address concerns regarding the potential impact of antibiotic use in animal husbandry on antibiotic resistance in humans, we conducted a greenhouse-based study examining uptake of the veterinary antibiotics oxytetracycline (OTC) and monensin (MON) by Tifton 85 Bermudagrass (T85), the most commonly grown forage grass in the southeastern U.S.A. Since oxytetracycline is used in both veterinary and human medicine, its accumulation in animal products could impact human resistance to this antibiotic. Monensin is not used in human medicine but has a high potential for accumulating in the environment. Our research examined antibiotic uptake by forage grass T85, the effect of dairy manure application on its uptake, and antibiotic retention in soil. We compared unspiked, wet dairy manure to wet dairy manure spiked with MON or OTC that was soil surface applied to pots or incorporated into soil. After 6 wk, plant stem/leaf and root tissue, as well as soil samples, were assessed for antibiotic residues using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results confirmed Tifton 85 MON and OTC uptake. Six weeks after adding the antibiotics, the greatest plant matter OTC and MON contents were 157.9 ± 70.6 and 234.4 ± 19.6 µg kg−1, respectively, and 17.6 and 369.5 µg kg−1, respectively, for soil. When spiked with OTC, manure incorporation led to decreased OTC uptake by T85 tissue. Bioaccumulation of these antimicrobials in livestock and in the environment is a potential concern for animal, environmental, and human health.

Measuring technical, allocative and economic efficiencies of dairy farms in western Turkey

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Terin ◽  
Murat Kulekci ◽  
Ibrahim Yildirim
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
The Other ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Western Turkey ◽  
Current Output ◽  
Production Value ◽  
Cattle Farms

A study was conducted to determine the input efficiencies of 43 dairy cattle farms under the aegis of Agricultural Development Cooperative in Erikler Village of Center Town of Kirklareli Province in Western Turkey. Data envelopment analysis was used. The technical, allocative and economical efficiencies were found to be as 0.66, 0.43 and 0.23 respectively. The analysis results showed that only 23.26% of the farms were efficient (they had constant return to scale) regarding the usage of major inputs while the remaining 76.74% had increasing return to scale, indicating that these farms could maintain the current output with decreasing current inputs. The current output (gross production value) per cow could be maintained by saving 46.56, 46.72, 42.96, and 45.20% dry weed (kg), straw (kg), concentrated feed (kg), and labour (hour), respectively along with 39.82% veterinary and 46.73% the other expenses.

scholarly journals Host-parasite translocation: A potential source of zoonoses emergence in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (17) ◽  
pp. 283-295
Author(s):  
Temitope Emmanuel Arotolu ◽  
Ayodele Olaolu Oladejo ◽  
Ayodeji Moses Arojo
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Driving Mechanism ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Cost Of Disease ◽  
Human Movements ◽  
Product Sales ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Host Parasite

Zoonoses are infectious diseases that are spread between animals and people. These diseases are transmitted to humans in many ways, such as direct contacts, indirect contacts, vector-borne, foodborne, and inhalation. Translocation and introduction of animals to new geographic regions correspond to increased human global travel and commerce as underlying factors for infectious disease emergence. In this review, we examined some potential notable driving mechanism of zoonosis in Nigeria. The population explodes, and demand for animal products has resulted in the expansion of animal trade, both local and international, animal and human movements, and intensification of livestock production systems. The above mentioned have an indirect role in zoonotic disease distribution. Animal husbandry, wildlife hunting, and hunting with dogs are potential routes of parasite translocation, most notably when infected animals are killed. Zoonotic diseases cause severe economic loss in the pathogenic spoilage of milk, contaminated animal products, carcass quality, weight loss, infertility, and loss of animal population. The cost of disease control decreases in household income due to a reduction in livestock/product sales. Also, consumption impacts due to reduced food availability, increased household vulnerability where livestock is used as a risk-coping mechanism, and effects on household finance, which influences household savings. Our suggestions for future effective zoonoses control include, an improved surveillance system, well-structured quarantine services, institutionalized one health approach, public enlightenment, interdisciplinary research, and ultimately a strict conservation rules and regulation may be turned into law to avoid transmission of Zoonosis through the consumption of wild animal which is most reservoir of causative pathogen.

scholarly journals The effects of different housing technologies on welfare of piglets in rearing

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (5-6-2) ◽  
pp. 259-266
Author(s):  
B. Zivkovic ◽  
C. Radovic ◽  
Dj. Okanovic ◽  
V. Zekic
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Pig Farm ◽  
Production Value ◽  
Conventional Type

During two consecutive years the effects of introduction of new technology i.e. boxes of new dimensions in rearing of piglets compared to conventional type of boxes, on animal welfare through production results were investigated and economical parameters relating to introduction of investigated technology in rearing piglets. Research was carried out on experimental pig farm of the Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun, Serbia. Obtained results demonstrated that introduction of new box, with 14 instead of 6 heads per box, influenced increase in gain by 7,9%, higher feed consumption by 6,7% and better feed conversion by 0,9% compared to production results in control group housed in conventional cages. In the structure of expenses, due to higher share of cost of material in total costs, also relative equal reduction of share of labour and depreciation costs for buildings and equipment, but also regardless of that, since cost of material is directly correlated to the production value, mentioned change can be characterized as positive, therefore by application of the new technology of piglet housing the amount of total cost decreased by over 7%, and in general total positive financial effect of 10,6% can be considered as very satisfactory. In general, obtained results showed that by application of new technology of piglet housing positive effects are achieved in regard to production and financial results, and also to welfare of this category of pigs.

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