scholarly journals Gatekeeping Access: Shea Land Formalization and the Distribution of Market-Based Conservation Benefits in Ghana’s CREMA

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 359
Author(s):  
Mengina Gilli ◽  
Muriel Côte ◽  
Gretchen Walters
Keyword(s):  
Organic World ◽  
World Markets ◽  
Land Relations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Community Resource Management ◽  
Certified Organic ◽  
Traditional Authorities ◽  
Development Objectives ◽  
Year 2000

Community Resource Management Areas (CREMAs) in Ghana combine conservation and development objectives and were introduced in the year 2000. In some cases, they have connected collectors of shea (Vitellaria paradoxa) nuts with certified organic world markets, which can be understood as a ‘market-based’ approach to conservation. This paper examines how the benefits of this approach are distributed and argues that shea land formalization is crucial to this process. It makes this argument by drawing on interviews within two communities bordering Mole National Park. One community accepted to engage with, and benefitted from this approach, while the other did not. The paper analyzes narratives from different actors involved regarding why and how the market-based approach was accepted or rejected. It shows that, contrary to the neoliberal principles that underlie market-based conservation, a utility maximization rationale did not predominantly influence the (non-)engagement with this conservation approach. Instead, it was the history of land relations between communities and the state that influenced the decisions of the communities. We highlight the role of traditional authorities and NGOs brokering this process and unpack who in the communities profited and who was left out from benefits from this market-based conservation initiative.

scholarly journals Le rôle de l’État dans l’encadrement de la profession enseignante au Québec et en Ontario de 1960 à 2000

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Morales-Perlaza
Keyword(s):  
State Control ◽  
Historical Trends ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Professional Teacher ◽  
History Of ◽  
Analyse Comparative ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Political Governance ◽  
Year 2000

RésuméCet article présente une analyse comparative historique et sociologique du rôle de l’État dans la mise en place des formations professionnelles à l’enseignement au Québec et en Ontario pendant les années 1960 à 2000. Nous sommes d’accord avec Peter Grimmett en ce que nous trouvons une gouvernance « politique » au Québec, mais nous argumentons que la gouvernance en Ontario ne peut pas être considérée comme « professionnelle », mais plutôt comme « corporative » selon la thèse de Terrence James Johnson. Au-delà des différences entre ces deux provinces, nous établissons des tendances historiques de la professionnalisation de l’enseignement dans ces deux cas qui sont semblables avec celles de l’Europe et qui démontrent l’importance du contrôle étatique sur l’évolution de la professionnalisation de l’enseignement, ce qui diffère de l’histoire de la plupart des professions établies analysées par les sociologues. AbstractThis paper presents a historical and sociological comparative analysis of the role of the state in the implementation of professional teacher education in Quebec and Ontario during the 1960s to the year 2000. We agree with Peter Grimmett that we find “political” governance in Quebec, but we argue that governance in Ontario cannot be considered “professional”, but rather “corporate” according to Terrence James Johnson's theoretical approach. Beyond the differences between these two provinces, we establish historical trends in the professionalization of teaching in these two cases, which are similar to those in Europe, and which demonstrate the importance of state control over the evolution of professionalization of teaching, which differs from the history of most established professions that have been analyzed by sociologists.

scholarly journals Japan's New Competitive Advantage: Enterprises' Innovative Initiatives and Government's Reforms

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-80
Author(s):  
Jolanta Młodawska
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Structural Reforms ◽  
Dual Economy ◽  
Governmental Agencies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Loan Corporation ◽  
Year 2000

This article is a continuation of the report "Japan's new competitive advantage. Arguments and proposals for structural reorientation" published in the "Comparative Economic Research for Central & Eastern Europe", vol. 13, no 1/2/2010, which mainly dealt with the role of the private sector's cooperation with governmental agencies. The discussion presented below is divided into four sections. Section one outlines the history of new ITC firms (mobile communications, computers) after the year 2000 and addresses innovation factors. Section two characterizes Japan's "dual economy" with respect to economic competitiveness and innovation. Section three discusses the major structural reforms (Japan Post, the Housing Loan Corporation and the Japan Highway Corporation) that were undertaken in Japan in the 21st c. Section four of the article provides final conclusions.

scholarly journals With the Bible toward the year 2000: scriptural engagement as barometer, beacon and bellwether

1990 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Theological Reflection ◽  
Human Knowledge ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Human Conduct ◽  
Biblical Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Year 2000 ◽  
The Church

Through the centuries, engagement with the Bible has served as a barometer (recording and reflec­ting the history of shifting circumstances), as a beacon (constituting a source of light illuminating theological reflection and guiding human conduct) and as a bellwether (leading the way in setting new agendas for the Church, her theology and her encounter with the world.) Against this back­ ground, the history of biblical engagement through the centuries is briefly traced. The main focus of the article is, however, to reflect on the role of the Bible in the next millenium. The author foresees an even stronger ecumenical engagement, an enhanced focus on a critical faith and a self-critical rationality, a stronger rejection of absolutist claims, renewed respect for the diversity of voices in the biblical canon, the emergence of biblical study to an attentive dialogue partner within other fields of human knowledge and a renewed search for wisdom in the Bible in future in order to face the problems which will confront humankind. Against the background of these developments the study of the Bible will, in the third millenium, become even more an interconfessional, international, interdisciplinary and intersocial enterprise, sustained by the conviction that the Bible is a holy and privileged word, both about human existence and humanity’s relation to God, society, history, and the cosmos.

The Role of History in a Mathematics Class

2000 ◽  
Vol 93 (8) ◽  
pp. 704-706
Author(s):  
Gerald L. Marshall ◽  
Beverly S. Rich
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Mathematics Teaching ◽  
National Science Foundation ◽  
History Of Mathematics ◽  
Teaching Mathematics ◽  
National Science ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mathematics Class ◽  
Year 2000

Over the last five years, interest in the role of history in teaching mathematics has grown markedly. A National Science Foundation–supported Mathematical Association of America Institute on the History of Mathematics and Its Use in Teaching was founded in summer 1995 to explore how the history of mathematics can be used in the classroom. It has produced modules for use in high school and college mathematics teaching. A study on this topic has been authorized by the International Commission on Mathematics Instruction and was the centerpiece of the most recent International Congress in Mathematics Education (ICME), which was held in Japan in the year 2000.

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

The role of a family history of adenocarcinomas in patients with Barrett oesophagus

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A442-A442
Author(s):  
P TSIBOURIS ◽  
M HENDRICKSE ◽  
P ISAACS
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Barrett Oesophagus

Protective Factors and Suicidality in Members of Arab Kindred

Crisis ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Hamdan ◽  
Nadine Melhem ◽  
Israel Orbach ◽  
Ilana Farbstein ◽  
Mohammad El-Haib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Suicidal Risk ◽  
Arab Population ◽  
Psychiatric Interview ◽  
History Of

Background: Relatively little is known about the role of protective factors in an Arab population in the presence of suicidal risk factors. Aims: To examine the role of protective factors in a subsample of in large Arab Kindred participants in the presence of suicidal risk factors. Methods: We assessed protective and risk factors in a sample of 64 participants (16 suicidal and 48 nonsuicidal) between 15 and 55 years of age, using a comprehensive structured psychiatric interview, the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), self-reported depression, anxiety, hopelessness, impulsivity, hostility, and suicidal behavior in first-degree and second-relatives. We also used the Religiosity Questionnaire and suicide attitude (SUIATT) and multidimensional perceived support scale. Results: Suicidal as opposed to nonsuicidal participants were more likely to have a lifetime history of major depressive disorder (MDD) (68.8% vs. 22.9% χ2 = 11.17, p = .001), an anxiety disorder (87.5% vs. 22.9, χ2 = 21.02, p < .001), or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (25% vs. 0.0%, Fisher’s, p = .003). Individuals who are otherwise at high risk for suicidality have a much lower risk when they experience higher perceived social support (3.31 ± 1.36 vs. 4.96 ± 1.40, t = 4.10, df = 62, p < .001), and they have the view that suicide is somehow unacceptable (1.83 ± .10 vs. 1.89 ± .07, t = 2.76, df = 60, p = .008). Conclusions: Taken together with other studies, these data suggest that the augmentation of protective factors could play a very important role in the prevention of incidental and recurrent suicidal behavior in Arab populations, where suicidal behavior in increasing rapidly.

THE ROLE OF RECTAL EUS-FNA/B IN PRE-SACRAL UNDEFINED LESIONS IN PATIENTS WITH HISTORY OF LOWER GI NEOPLASIA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Mangiavillano ◽  
S Carrara ◽  
E Dabizzi ◽  
F Auriemma ◽  
V Cennamo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
History Of

The problem of periodization of the history of religion

1997 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Borys Lobovyk
Keyword(s):  
Religious Studies ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Religious Development ◽  
History Of Religion ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Role Of Religion

An important problem of religious studies, the history of religion as a branch of knowledge is the periodization process of the development of religious phenomenon. It is precisely here, as in focus, that the question of the essence and meaning of the religious development of the human being of the world, the origin of beliefs and cult, the reasons for the changes in them, the place and role of religion in the social and spiritual process, etc., are converging.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document