scholarly journals Improving Electrochromic Cycle Life of Prussian Blue by Acid Addition to the Electrolyte

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZiTong Li ◽  
YunHui Tang ◽  
KaiLing Zhou ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Hui Yan
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Prussian Blue ◽  
Cycle Life ◽  
Optical Modulation ◽  
Cyclic Stability ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Acid Addition ◽  
Improved Stability

In this study, we examined the cyclic stability of Prussian blue (PB) films in electrolytes with acid. The cyclic stabilities of the PB films were investigated in K+ based electrolytes with different values of solution pH. The acidified KCl solution can significantly improve the durability of the film. Among the three pH values tested, the KCl solutions (pH = 2.15 and pH = 3.03) showed better performance. Furthermore, we investigated the cyclic stabilities of the PB films in LiClO4/PC electrolyte containing different acids. We found that the cyclic stability of PB film was significantly improved when a small amount of acetic acid was dissolved in LiClO4/PC electrolyte. The PB film exhibited stable optical modulation after up to 20,000 cycles in LiClO4/PC electrolyte containing acetic acid—a much higher result than those of some literatures. This suggests that the addition of acetic acid to LiClO4/PC electrolyte can promote the development of PB-based devices with improved stability.

Enhancing the electrochromic stability of Prussian blue based on TiO2 nanorod arrays

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 2236-2240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongbo Xu ◽  
Liuting Gong ◽  
Shengyu Zhou ◽  
Kangli Cao ◽  
Shen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prussian Blue ◽  
Optical Modulation ◽  
Cyclic Stability ◽  
Nanorod Arrays ◽  
Tio2 Nanorod ◽  
Tio2 Nanorod Arrays

The cyclic stability and optical modulation of Prussian blue (PB) via TiO2 nanorod arrays are enhanced.

Cyclic Stability of Supercapacitors: Materials, Energy Storage Mechanism, Test Methods, and Device

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianghong Wu ◽  
Tianqi He ◽  
Yikai Zhang ◽  
Junlei Zhang ◽  
Zhijun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Cycle Life ◽  
Cyclic Stability ◽  
The Real ◽  
Storage Mechanism ◽  
Long Cycle ◽  
Long Cycle Life ◽  
Higher Power

Supercapacitors, also known as electrochemical capacitors, have attracted more and more attentions in recent decades due to their advantages of higher power density and long cycle life. For the real...

Bacterial Spoilage of Citrus Products at pH Lower than 3.51

1976 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 819-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. JUVEN
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Lactobacillus Brevis ◽  
Acid Inhibition ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Sugar Syrup ◽  
Z Value

A strain of Lactobacillus brevis, L-3, was isolated from a blown can of grapefruit segments in sugar syrup; it caused spoilage of citrus products having pH values lower than 3.5. When inoculated into orange (pH 3.38) and grapefruit (pH 2.99) juices, after 5 h at 30 C L-3 produced 15 and 22 μg diacetyl/ml, respectively, and off-flavor was detectable. L-3 grew in APT broth acidified to pH 3.0 with citric, hydrochloric, phosphoric, or tartaric acid. However, its growth was inhibited at pH 3.6 if the acidulant was lactic acid, while with acetic acid inhibition occurred at a pH between 3.7 and 4.0. The thermal resistance of L-3 in orange serum (pH 3.4) was studied in the temperature range of 52 to 60 C: a z value of 8.3 was obtained. A simple and reliable capillary technique for studying the thermal resistance of gas-producing organisms in liquid foods and media is presented.

Effect of pH, Acidulant, Time, and Temperature on the Growth and Survival of Listeria monocytogenes

1989 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 571-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
KENT M. SORRELLS ◽  
DAVIN C. ENIGL ◽  
JOHN R. HATFIELD
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Malic Acid ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Ph Values

The effect of different acids, pH, incubation time, and incubation temperature on the growth and survival of four strains of Listeria monocytogenes in tryptic soy broth was compared. Hydrochloric acid (HCl), acetic acid (AA), lactic acid (LA), malic acid (MA), and citric acid (CA) were used to acidify tryptic soy broth to pH values 4.4, 4.6, 4.8, 5.0, and 5.2 pH. Incubation times were 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 d at 10, 25, and 35°C. The inhibition of L. monocytogenes in the presence of high acidity appears to be a function of acid and incubation temperature. Based on equal pH values, the antimicrobial activity is AA > LA > CA ≥ MA > HCl at all incubation times and temperatures. When based on equal molar concentration, the activity appeared to be CA ≥ MA > LA ≥ AA > HCl at 35 and 25°C, and MA > CA > AA ≥ LA > HCl at 10°C. Greatest antimicrobial activity occurred at 35°C. Greatest survival occurred at 10°C and greatest growth occurred at 25°C. Final pH of the medium was as low as 3.8 in HCl at 28 d. All strains grew well at pH values lower than the minimum previously reported (5.5–5.6).

scholarly journals Remaining phosphorus and sodium fluoride pH in soils with different clay contents and clay mineralogies

2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Eduardo Alves ◽  
Arquimedes Lavorenti
Keyword(s):  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Ammonium Oxalate ◽  
Clay Mineralogy ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Soil Clay ◽  
Soil Clay Content ◽  
Discriminatory Capacity

The remaining phosphorus (Prem) has been used for estimating the phosphorus buffer capacity (PBC) of soils of some Brazilian regions. Furthermore, the remaining phosphorus can also be used for estimating P, S and Zn soil critical levels determined with PBC-sensible extractants and for defining P and S levels to be used not only in P and S adsorption studies but also for the establishment of P and S response curves. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of soil clay content and clay mineralogy on Prem and its relationship with pH values measured in saturated NaF solution (pH NaF). Ammonium-oxalate-extractable aluminum exerts the major impacts on both Prem and pH NaF, which, in turn, are less dependent on soil clay content. Although Prem and pH NaF have consistent correlation, the former has a soil-PBC discriminatory capacity much greater than pH NaF.

GROWTH OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS IN ACIDIFIED PASTEURIZED MILK1

1970 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 516-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Minor ◽  
E. H. Marth
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
The Other ◽  
Antagonistic Effects ◽  
Pasteurized Milk ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Effect On Growth

The effect of gradually reducing the pH of pasteurized milk with acetic, citric, hydrochloric, lactic, and phosphoric acids over periods of 4, 8, and 12 hr on growth of Staphylococcus aureus 100 in this substrate was determined. In addition, 1: 1 mixtures of lactic acid and each of the other acids, and of acetic and citric acids were evaluated for their effect on growth of this organism. To achieve a 90% reduction in growth over a 12 hr period, a final pH value of 5.2 was required for acetic, 4.9 for lactic, 4.7 for phosphoric and citric, and 4.6 for hydrochloric acid. A 99% reduction during a 12 hr period was obtained with a final pH value of 5.0 for acetic, 4.6 for lactic, 4.5 for citric, 4.1 for phosphoric, and 4.0 for hydrochloric acid. A pH value of 3.3 was required for a 99.9% reduction with hydrochloric acid, whereas the same effect was produced at a pH value of 4.9 with acetic acid. Correspondingly lower pH values were required to inhibit growth within 8 and 4 hr periods. Mixtures of acids adjusted to pH values at the borderline for growth (12 hr period) exhibited neither synergistic nor antagonistic effects between two acids.

scholarly journals Comparative Extraction of Aluminum Group Metals Using Acetic Acid Derivatives with Three Different-Sized Frameworks for Coordination

Separations ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Keisuke Ohto ◽  
Nako Fuchiwaki ◽  
Hiroaki Furugou ◽  
Shintaro Morisada ◽  
Hidetaka Kawakita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Spectroscopic Data ◽  
Equilibrium Constants ◽  
Structural Effects ◽  
Extraction Equilibrium ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Slope Analysis ◽  
Coordination Sites ◽  
Extraction Properties

We prepared acetic acid derivatives using three different frameworks, calix[4]arene, alkenyltrimethylol, and trihydroxytriphenylmethane, which differ in the number and size of their coordination sites. We further investigated the extraction properties for aluminum group metal ions. All three extraction reagents exhibited increased extraction compared with the corresponding monomeric compounds, owing to structural effects. The extraction reaction and extraction equilibrium constants were determined using a slope analysis. Their extraction abilities, separation efficiencies, and potential coordination modes are discussed using the extraction equilibrium constants, half-pH values, and spectroscopic data. The calix[4]arene and trihydroxytriphenylmethane derivatives demonstrated allosteric co-extraction of indium ions (In3+) with an unexpected stoichiometry of 1:2.

scholarly journals Study of photocatalytic activity of TiO2 fluorinated by thermal shock method for the degradation of different dyes

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-131
Author(s):  
Khoa Tien Le ◽  
Ngoc Chau Hoang ◽  
Tien Thuy Thai ◽  
Anh Trung Le ◽  
Thinh Nguyen Huu Pham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Methyl Orange ◽  
Thermal Shock ◽  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Cationic Dye ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Methylene Blue Cationic Dye

TiO2 P25 was fluorinated by thermal shock method in order to study the influence of thermal shock fluorination on the surface properties and the photocatalytic activity for the degradation of cationic and anionic organic dyes at different pH values. The surface charge of catalysts was characterized by the pHPZC measurement. The photocatalytic activity of catalysts was evaluated via the degradation of methylene blue (cationic dye) and methyl orange (anionic dye). The results showed that the thermal shock fluorination and the rise of solution pH can increase the surface negative charge of TiO2, which enhanced the adsorption of methylene blue and then improved the photocatalytic degradation of this cationic dye under UV and visible light. On the other hand, after the fluorination, the adsorption of methyl orange on TiO2 was strongly reduced, which limited the photocatalytic oxidation of this anion dye.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document