scholarly journals A New Way of Toughening of Thermoset by Dual-Cured Thermoplastic/Thermosetting Blend

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shankar Khatiwada ◽  
Uwe Gohs ◽  
Ralf Lach ◽  
Gert Heinrich ◽  
Rameshwar Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Indentation Hardness ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Copolymer Blends ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Modified Block ◽  
Electron Beam Curing ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

The work aims at establishing the optimum conditions for dual thermal and electron beam curing of thermosetting systems modified by styrene/butadiene (SB)-based triblock copolymers in order to develop transparent and toughened materials. The work also investigates the effects of curing procedures on the ultimate phase morphology and mechanical properties of these thermoset–SB copolymer blends. It was found that at least 46 mol% of the epoxidation degree of the SB copolymer was needed to enable the miscibility of the modified block copolymer into the epoxy resin. Hence, an electron beam curing dose of ~50 kGy was needed to ensure the formation of micro- and nanostructured transparent blends. The micro- and nanophase-separated thermosets obtained were analyzed by optical as well as scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The mechanical properties of the blends were enhanced as shown by their impact strengths, indentation, hardness, and fracture toughness analyses, whereby the toughness values were found to mainly depend on the dose. Thus, we have developed a new route for designing dual-cured toughened micro- and nanostructured transparent epoxy thermosets with enhanced fracture toughness.

Study on Electron Beam Curing of APTES Functionalized MWNTs/ Epoxy Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 194-196 ◽  
pp. 1607-1610
Author(s):  
Yan Yan Lu ◽  
Hua Li ◽  
He Zhou Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Pure Epoxy ◽  
Gel Content ◽  
Electron Beam Curing ◽  
Irradiation Process

In this study, we prepared the 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) functionalized MWNTs/epoxy composites by electron beam (EB) irradiation process. The modified MWNTs were characterized with SEM-EDS and FTIR. The gel content and conversion rate of epoxide groups of the EB cured pure epoxy resin and the APTES functionalized MWNTs/epoxy composites were measured and discussed. And the mechanical properties of the EB cured composites were also characterized. With addition of 0.25wt% APTES functionalized MWNTs, the Vicker’s hardness of the EB cured composite increased 100.02% compared with pure epoxy.

scholarly journals Study on fracture behavior of individual InAs nanowires using an electron-beam-drilled notch

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (27) ◽  
pp. 16655-16661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suji Choi ◽  
Jong Hoon Lee ◽  
Min Wook Pin ◽  
Dong Won Jang ◽  
Seong-Gu Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Fracture Behavior ◽  
Tensile Loading ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Inas Nanowires ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Loading

The mechanical properties and fracture behavior of individual InAs nanowires (NWs) were investigated under uniaxial tensile loading in a transmission electron microscope.

Influence of Novel Electron Beam Modified Surface Treated Dual Phase Filler on Rheometric and Mechanical Properties of Styrene Butadiene Rubber Vulcanizates

2003 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Shanmugharaj ◽  
Anil K. Bhowmick
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Dual Phase ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Polymer Filler ◽  
Modified Surface ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Abstract Rheometric and mechanical properties, hysteresis and swelling behavior of the Styrene-Butadiene Rubber vulcanizates (SBR) filled with unmodified and novel electron beam modified surface treated dual phase fillers were investigated. Scorch time increases for these modified filler loaded vulcanizates due to introduction of quinone type oxygen on the surface. Electron beam modification of dual phase filler in the absence of trimethylol propanetriacrylate (TMPTA) or triethoxysilylpropyltetrasulphide (Si-69) significantly improves the modulus of the SBR vulcanizates, whereas the values of tensile strength and elongation at break drop. However, presence of TMPTA or silane slightly increases the modulus with significant improvement in tensile strength. This effect is more pronounced at higher loading of these modified fillers in SBR vulcanizates. These variations in modulus and tensile strength are explained by the equilibrium swelling data, Kraus plot and a new mathematical model interpreting the polymer-filler interaction. Hysteresis loss ratio of SBR vulcanizates loaded with irradiated fillers in absence and presence of TMPTA or silane increases due to highly aggregated structure of the filler.

scholarly journals Enhancing the Mechanical Properties of Cross-Linked Rubber-Toughened Nanocomposites via Electron Beam Irradiation

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Jamal ◽  
H. Anuar ◽  
A. R. Shamsul Bahri
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Crosslinking Degree ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Rubber Toughened ◽  
Organophilic Montmorillonite

Improving the mechanical properties of a pristine system is the main target of developing nanocomposites. The nanocomposites systems were first prepared via intercalation technique with different organophilic montmorillonite (OMMT) loading. Two types of cross-linking techniques were applied, namely, as maleic anhydride polyethylene (MAPE) and electron beam (EB) irradiated system. The effectiveness of these systems was then compared with the control one and analyzed based on the mechanical tests and morphological examination. The mechanical tests revealed that control, MAPE, and EB irradiated systems had attained the optimum mechanical properties at 4 vol% OMMT content. EB irradiated unit of a dose of 100 kGy showed excellent mechanical properties with higher crosslinking degree which were proved by gel content analysis. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the existence of delamination structure with MAPE and EB irradiation techniques based on the disappearance of characteristic peak. The degree of delamination was further investigated by transmission electron microscope (TEM).

Mechanical properties of hot isostatically pressed Si3N4 and Si3N4/SiC composites

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 626-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Unal ◽  
J.J. Petrovic ◽  
T.E. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Sic Whiskers ◽  
Sic Composites ◽  
Increasing Temperature

The mechanical properties of hot isostatically pressed monolithic Si3N4 and Si3N4−20 vol. % SiC composites have been studied by microindentation at temperatures up to 1400 °C. Indentation crack patterns and microstructures have been examined by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. It is shown that dense Si3N4 base materials can be synthesized by HIPing without densification aids. Both the monolithic Si3N4 and the Si3N4/SiC composites exhibit high hardness values which gradually decrease with increasing temperature. Both types of material show low fracture toughness values apparently because of strong interfacial bonding. On the other hand, the fracture toughness of the composite is about 40% higher than that of the monolithic material, due to the presence of the 20 vol. % SiC whiskers. A crack deflection/debonding mechanism is likely to be responsible for the higher toughness observed in the composite. High resolution electron microscopy shows that the grain boundaries in both samples contain a thin SiO2 layer.

scholarly journals Mechanical properties of ultra-high pressure sintered sphene (CaTiSiO5)

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-298
Author(s):  
Eranezhuth Awin ◽  
Branko Matovic ◽  
Jelena Maletaskic ◽  
Vladimir Urbanovich ◽  
Ravi Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Elastic Recovery ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Indentation Hardness ◽  
Ultra High Pressure ◽  
Indentation Crack

The investigation of nano-mechanical properties of sphene sintered under ultra-high pressures in the order of 4GPa is done using indentation techniques. An indentation hardness of 6.6GPa and reduced elastic modulus of 112.3GPa is reported at maximum load of 7mN. The material exhibits a high elastic recovery (~59.1%) and the nature of deformation mechanism has been comprehended from the plastic work ratio. In addition, the fracture toughness of the material is also evaluated using indentation crack length method.

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