scholarly journals Investigations on Aging Behavior and Mechanism of Polyurea Coating in Marine Atmosphere

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 3636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaiyuan Che ◽  
Ping Lyu ◽  
Fei Wan ◽  
Mingliang Ma
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Chain Scission ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
Marine Atmosphere ◽  
Stability Behavior ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hard Segments ◽  
Group Change

In this investigation, the aging behaviors of polyurea coating exposed to marine atmosphere for 150 days were studied and the mechanism was analyzed. The influences on surface and mechanical properties, surface morphology, thermal stability behavior, as well as chemical changes evolution of the coating were investigated. By attenuated total reflectance fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR–FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), changes in the chemical properties of polyurea coatings before (PCB) and after 150 d (PCA) of aging were analyzed, and emphasis was given to the effect of aging on functional group change, the hydrogen bonding behavior, and phase separated morphology. The results displayed prominent chain scission during aging, such as N–H, C=O, and C–O–C and the hydrogen bonded urea carbonyl content showed a decrease trend. The relative content of soft and hard segments showed a significant change, which increased the degree of phase separation.

scholarly journals X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Analysis of Chitosan–Graphene Oxide-Based Composite Thin Films for Potential Optical Sensing Applications

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 478
Author(s):  
Wan Mohd Ebtisyam Mustaqim Mohd Daniyal ◽  
Yap Wing Fen ◽  
Silvan Saleviter ◽  
Narong Chanlek ◽  
Hideki Nakajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Optical Sensing ◽  
Composite Thin Films ◽  
Cobalt Ions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sensing Applications

In this study, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to study chitosan–graphene oxide (chitosan–GO) incorporated with 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol (PAR) and cadmium sulfide quantum dot (CdS QD) composite thin films for the potential optical sensing of cobalt ions (Co2+). From the XPS results, it was confirmed that carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen elements existed on the PAR–chitosan–GO thin film, while for CdS QD–chitosan–GO, the existence of carbon, oxygen, cadmium, nitrogen, and sulfur were confirmed. Further deconvolution of each element using the Gaussian–Lorentzian curve fitting program revealed the sub-peak component of each element and hence the corresponding functional group was identified. Next, investigation using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) optical sensor proved that both chitosan–GO-based thin films were able to detect Co2+ as low as 0.01 ppm for both composite thin films, while the PAR had the higher binding affinity. The interaction of the Co2+ with the thin films was characterized again using XPS to confirm the functional group involved during the reaction. The XPS results proved that primary amino in the PAR–chitosan–GO thin film contributed more important role for the reaction with Co2+, as in agreement with the SPR results.

scholarly journals Nano-PAA-CuCl2 Composite as Fenton-Like Reusable Catalyst to Enhanced Degrade Organic Pollutant MB/MO

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Yang Dang ◽  
Yu Cheng ◽  
Yukun Zhou ◽  
Yifei Huang ◽  
Kaige Wang
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Anodic Alumina ◽  
Alumina Substrate ◽  
Reusable Catalyst ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nanoporous Anodic Alumina

The treatment of organic dye contaminants in wastewaters has now becoming more imperative. Fenton-like degradation of methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) in aqueous solution was investigated by using a nanostructure that a layer of CuCl2 nanoflake film grown on the top surface of nanoporus anodic alumina substrate (nano-PAA-CuCl2) as catalyst. The new nano-PAA-CuCl2 composite was fabricated with self-assembly approach, that is, a network porous structure film composed of CuCl2 nanoflake grown on the upper surface of nanoporous anodic alumina substrate, and the physical and chemical properties are characterized systematically with the X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The experimental results showed that the nano-PAA-CuCl2 catalyst presented excellent properties for the degradation of two typical organic pollutants such as MB and MO, which were almost completely degraded with 8 × 10−4mol/L nano-PAA-CuCl2 catalyst after 46 min and 60 min at reaction conditions of H2O2 18 mM and 23 mM, respectively. The effects of different reaction parameters such as initial pH, H2O2 concentration, catalyst morphology and temperature were attentively studied. And more, the stability and reusability of nano-PAA-CuCl2 were examined. Finally, the mechanism of MB and MO degradation by the nano-PAA-CuCl2/H2O2 system was proposed, based on the experimental data of the BCA and the temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR) and theoretical analysis, the reaction kinetics belonged to the pseudo-first-order equation. This new nanoporous composite material and preparation technology, as well as its application in Fenton-like reaction, provide an effective alternative method with practical application significance for wastewater treatment.

Physical Chemistry of the Interface between Attached Micro-Organisms and Their Support

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Rouxhet ◽  
N. Mozes
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dlvo Theory ◽  
Support Surface ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polymer Molecules ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Micro Organisms

The thermodynamic approach of adhesion and DLVO theory are complementary to predict initial bacterial adhesion; the interplay between short- and long-range forces, respectively, may be due to surface roughness. Due to the influence of electrical double layer interactions, adhesion can be promoted by treatments leading to modification of the cell or support surface properties. Adhesion is influenced by cell-cell interactions, by the cpresence of polymer molecules on the surface and by the composition of the medium. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy can be applied to determine the elemental composition of the surface of microorganisms; some information on the chemical functions can also be obtained. The surface composition is related to physico-chemical properties which play a determining role in adhesion and flocculation, in particular the hydrophobicity and the zeta potential.

scholarly journals Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensing Based on Incorporation of Carbon Nanotube into Zn-Co-S Ball-in-Ball Hollow Sphere

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 4340
Author(s):  
Han-Wei Chang ◽  
Chia-Wei Su ◽  
Jia-Hao Tian ◽  
Yu-Chen Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Hollow Sphere ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Sensing ◽  
Ionic Exchange ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Electro Oxidation

Zn-Co-S ball-in-ball hollow sphere (BHS) was successfully prepared by solvothermal sulfurization method. An efficient strategy to synthesize Zn-Co-S BHS consisted of multilevel structures by controlling the ionic exchange reaction was applied to obtain great performance electrode material. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as a conductive agent were uniformly introduced with Zn-Co-S BHS to form Zn-Co-S BHS/CNTs and expedited the considerable electrocatalytic behavior toward glucose electro-oxidation in alkaline medium. In this study, characterization with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used for investigating the morphological and physical/chemical properties and further evaluating the feasibility of Zn-Co-S BHS/CNTs in non-enzymatic glucose sensing. Electrochemical methods (cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (CA)) were performed to investigate the glucose sensing performance of Zn-Co-S BHS/CNTs. The synergistic effect of Faradaic redox couple species of Zn-Co-S BHS and unique conductive network of CNTs exhibited excellent electrochemical catalytic ability towards the glucose electro-oxidation, which revealed linear range from 5 to 100 μM with high sensitivity of 2734.4 μA mM−1 cm−2, excellent detection limit of 2.98 μM, and great selectivity in the presence of dopamine, uric acid, ascorbic acid, and fructose. Thus, Zn-Co-S BHS/CNTs would be expected to be a promising material for non-enzymatic glucose sensing.

scholarly journals Soil Pollution Characteristics and Microbial Responses in a Vertical Profile with Long-Term Tannery Sludge Contamination in Hebei, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangke Kong ◽  
Chunhui Li ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
Guoxin Huang ◽  
Zhitao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Tannery Sludge ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Microbial Responses

An investigation was made into the effects of tannery sludge on soil chemical properties and microbial communities in a typical soil profile with long-term tannery sludge contamination, North China. The results showed that trivalent chromium (Cr(III)), ammonium, organic nitrogen, salinity and sulfide were the predominant contaminants in tannery sludge. Although the tannery sludge contained high chromium (Cr, 3,0970 mg/kg), the proportion of mobile Cr forms (exchangeable plus carbonate-bound fraction) only accounted for 1.32%. The X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results further demonstrated that the Cr existed in a stable state of oxides and iron oxides. The alkaline loam soil had a significant retardation effect on the migration of salinity, ammonium, Cr(III) and sulfide, and the accumulation of these contaminants occurred in soils (0–40 cm). A good correlation (R2 = 0.959) was observed between total organic carbon (TOC) and Cr(III) in the soil profile, indicating that the dissolved organic matter from sludge leachate promoted the vertical mobility of Cr(III) via forming Cr(III)-organic complexes. The halotolerant bacteria (Halomonas and Tepidimicrobium) and organic degrading bacteria (Flavobacteriaceae, Tepidimicrobium and Balneola) became the dominant microflora in the soil profile. High contents of salinity, Cr and nitrogen were the main environmental factors affecting the abundance of indigenous microorganisms in soils.

Ftir and Resolved Esca Studies of Segmented Polyether Polyurethanes

1985 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Grobe ◽  
Joseph A. Gardella ◽  
Roland L. Chin ◽  
Lawrence Salvati
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Domain Size ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
Concentration Gradients ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solution Cast ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Segmented Polyurethanes ◽  
Hildebrand Solubility Parameter

ABSTRACTSurface analysis of biomedical materials is necessary for determination of surface structure/biological property relationships. Previous studies [3,6] have demonstrated the applicability of Angle Resolved X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (ARXPS or ARESCA) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) with Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) sampling. Using these surface sensitive techniques on currently marketed segmented polyurethanes (SPU) (Biomer TMand Cardiothane-51TM), we have investigated chemical and morpholgical differences between polymeric mixtures cast from solvents of varying polarity. These materials are used because of their resistance to degradation and hydrolysis.Results will show: (1) Selective casting of different constituents of the mixture as monitored by FT-IR, where polymers can be represented as opposed to block copolymers; (2) Correlation between the Hildebrand solubility parameter of the casting solvent and the portion of the polymer selectively cast; (3) Models of solution cast polymers will be presented including (concentration gradient) of the constituents; (4) SEM micrographs will provide information on domain size and the formation of these solution cast films; (5) Depths and concentration gradients will be estimated by comparing results from AHXPS and variable angle FT-IR/ATR.

scholarly journals The Corrosion Inhibition of AA6082 Aluminium Alloy by Certain Azoles in Chloride Solution: Electrochemistry and Surface Analysis

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klodian Xhanari ◽  
Matjaž Finšgar
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Surface Analysis ◽  
Corrosion Inhibition ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inhibition Effect ◽  
Secondary Ion

The corrosion inhibition effect of five azole compounds on the corrosion of an AA6082 aluminium alloy in 5 wt.% NaCl solution at 25 and 50 °C was investigated using weight loss and electrochemical measurements. Only 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) showed a corrosion inhibition effect at both temperatures and was further studied in detail, including with the addition of potassium iodide as a possible intensifier. Surface analysis of the MBT surface layer was performed by means of attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry techniques. The hydrophobicity of the MBT surface layer was also investigated.

scholarly journals Influence of Mesoporous Inorganic Al–B–P Amphiprotic Surfactant Material Resistances of Wood against Brown and White-Rot Fungi (Part 1)

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Kouomo Guelifack Yves Beaudelaire ◽  
Biaorong Zhuang ◽  
John Tosin Aladejana ◽  
Dehong Li ◽  
Xinjun Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Untreated Wood ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mass Losses ◽  
Surfactant Material

This study describes the application of aluminum sulfate Al2(SO4)3, boric acid H3BO3, phosphoric acid H3PO4 (Al–B–P) and amphiprotic surfactant material synthesis by the sol-gel process, which were adopted as novel precursors for wood modification. The efficacy of Al–B–P-treated wood was tested against Poria placenta and Coriolus versicolor. Untreated wood samples had higher mass losses (>40%) compared to the treated sample, which had the lowest wood mass losses (of 4%) against P. placenta and C. versicolor. To analyze the reaction mechanism of Al–B–P wood, the mechanical properties, chemical structure, crystallinity, thermal analysis, binding energy and wettability was examined by modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. Scanning electron microscopy- energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) confirmed the wood colonization by fungi, and was used to identify the microstructures and morphologies changes that occurred in the cells during degradation by white and brown-rot fungi. At the same time, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was employed to analyze the physical and chemical properties of the samples. Therefore, the study confirmed that Al–B–P and amphiprotic surfactant could replace the traditional wood preservative products, and have the potential to extend the service life of wood, particularly in soil contact and outdoor usage.

Chemical properties of the Bi-based superconducting whiskers studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

2004 ◽  
Vol 412-414 ◽  
pp. 279-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Tanaka ◽  
M. Okabe ◽  
S. Kishida ◽  
H. Yoshikawa ◽  
M. Kimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
X Ray
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