scholarly journals Study of Mild Steel Sandwich Structure Energy Absorption Performance Subjected to Localized Impulsive Loading

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nouman Alqwasmi ◽  
Faris Tarlochan ◽  
Sami E. Alkhatib
Keyword(s):  
Mild Steel ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Impulsive Loading ◽  
Peak Force ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Blast Energy ◽  
Absorption Performance ◽  
Steel Panels

Extensive research focus had been given to sacrificial sandwich panels to mitigate the effects of blast loads. This is due to their ability to distribute the load and absorb a significant portion of the blast energy. This paper studies the behavior of sacrificial sandwich mild steel panels of axially oriented octagonal tapered tubular cores subjected to near-field impulsive blast. The deformation behavior and several assessment parameters consisting of the peak force, stroke efficiency, energy absorption and core efficiency were investigated using validated finite element analysis. The developed deformation modes were mainly influenced by the top plate and tube thickness. Tubes of a 5° taper performed unfavorably, exhibiting increased peak force and lower energy absorption. Panels of top plate thickness of 4 mm exhibited higher stroke efficiency as compared to panels of lower thickness. The top plate and tube thickness significantly affected energy absorption. An increase of 73.5% in core efficiency was observed in thick-plate panels as compared to thin-plate ones.

Computational Human Torso Model Validation for Frontal Blunt Trauma

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn E. Hampton ◽  
Michael Kleinberger
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Blunt Trauma ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Elastic Material ◽  
Peak Force ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Absorption Data ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Material Models ◽  
Torso Model

Recent research on behind-armor blunt trauma (BABT) has focused on the personal protection offered by lightweight armor. A finite element analysis was performed to improve the biofidelity of the US Army Research Laboratory (ARL) human torso model to prepare for simulating blunt chest impacts and BABT. The overly stiff linear elastic material models for the torso were replaced with material characterizations drawn from current literature. FE torso biofidelity was determined by comparing peak force, force-compression, peak compression, and energy absorption data with cadaver responses to a 23.5 kg pendulum impacting at the sternum at 6.7 m/s. Nonlinear foam, viscous foam, soft rubbers, fibrous hyperelastic rubbers, and low moduli elastic material were considered as material models for the flesh, organs, and bones. Simulations modifying one tissue type revealed that the flesh characterization was most crucial for predicting compression and force, followed closely by the organs characterizations. Combining multiple tissue modifications allowed the FE torso to mimic the cadaveric torsos by reducing peak force and increasing chest compression and energy absorption. Limitations imposed by the Lagrangian finite element approach are discussed with potential workarounds described. Proposed future work is split between considering additional impact scenarios accounting for position and biomaterial variability.

Computational Modeling and Energy Absorption Behavior of Thin-Walled Tubes with the Kresling Origami Pattern

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
Jiaqiang Li ◽  
Yao Chen ◽  
Xiaodong Feng ◽  
Jian Feng ◽  
Pooya Sareh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Rotation Angle ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Thin Walled Tube ◽  
Absorption Performance ◽  
Thin Walled

Origami structures have been widely used in various engineering fields due to their desirable properties such as geometric transformability and high specific energy absorption. Based on the Kresling origami pattern, this study proposes a type of thin-walled origami tube the structural configuration of which is found by a mixed-integer linear programming model. Using finite element analysis, a reasonable configuration of a thin-walled tube with the Kresling pattern is firstly analyzed. Then, the influences of different material properties, the rotation angle of the upper and lower sections of the tube unit, and cross-sectional shapes on the energy absorption behavior of the thin-walled tubes under axial compression are evaluated. The results show that the symmetric thin-walled tube with the Kresling pattern is a reasonable choice for energy absorption purposes. Compared with thin-walled prismatic tubes, the thin-walled tube with the Kresling pattern substantially reduces the initial peak force and the average crushing force, without significantly reducing its energy absorption capacity; moreover, it enters the plastic energy dissipation stage ahead of time, giving it a superior energy absorption performance. Besides, the material properties, rotation angle, and cross-sectional shape have considerable influences on its energy absorption performance. The results provide a basis for the application of the Kresling origami pattern in the design of thin-walled energy-absorbingstructures.

The Energy Absorption Characteristics of Square Mild Steel Tubes With Multiple Induced Circular Hole Discontinuities—Part I: Experiments

2009 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. B. Bodlani ◽  
S. Chung Kim Yuen ◽  
G. N. Nurick
Keyword(s):  
Mild Steel ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Circular Hole ◽  
Progressive Collapse ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Peak Force ◽  
Steel Tubes ◽  
Initial Peak ◽  
Absorption Characteristics

This two-part article reports the results of experimental and numerical works conducted on the energy absorption characteristics of thin-walled square tubes with multiple circular hole discontinuities. Part I presents the experimental tests in which dynamic and quasistatic axial crushings are performed. The mild steel tubes are 350 mm in length, 50 mm wide, and 1.5 mm thick. Circular hole discontinuities, 17 mm in diameter, are laterally drilled on two or all four opposing walls of the tube to form opposing hole pairs. The total number of holes varies from 2 to 10. The results indicate that the introduction of holes decreases the initial peak force but an increase in the number of holes beyond 2 holes per side does not further significantly decrease the initial peak force. The findings show that strategic positioning of holes triggers progressive collapse hence improving energy absorption. The results also indicate that the presence of holes may at times disrupt the formation of lobes thus compromising the energy absorption capacity of the tube. In Part II, the finite element package ABAQUS/EXPLICIT version 6.4–6 is used to model the dynamic axial crushing of the tubes and to investigate the action of the holes during dynamic loading at an impact velocity of 8 m/s.

scholarly journals Quasi-static axial crushing of hexagonal origami crash boxes as energy absorption devices

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiayao Ma ◽  
Huaping Dai ◽  
Mengyan Shi ◽  
Lin Yuan ◽  
Yan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Reasonable Agreement ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Absorption Efficiency ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Peak Force ◽  
Axial Crushing ◽  
Energy Absorption Efficiency ◽  
Absorption Performance ◽  
Initial Peak

Abstract. Thin-walled tubes are widely used as energy absorption devices for their low cost and high manufacturability. Introduction of the origami technique enables the tube to follow a pre-determined failure mode and to improve its energy absorption efficiency. This paper examines the energy absorption characteristics of the origami crash box under quasi-static axial crushing. Both experimental and numerical results show that the origami pattern develops a diamond-shaped mode, bringing a reduction in initial peak force and a significant increase in energy absorption compared to the conventional hexagonal tube. The sensitivity of its energy absorption performance to various parameters is studied, and it is shown to achieve 68.29 % increase in the specific energy absorption and 13.91 % reduction in the initial peak force in the optimal case. Furthermore, an analytical solution is presented for the energy absorption, which achieves reasonable agreement with the numerical results.

scholarly journals Parametric Study of Automotive Composite Bumper Beams Subjected to Frontal Impacts

2011 ◽  
Vol 471-472 ◽  
pp. 484-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mai Nursherida ◽  
Sahari B. Barkawi ◽  
A.A. Nuraini
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Parametric Study ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Frontal Impact ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Plane Failure ◽  
Bumper Beam ◽  
Carbon Fiber Epoxy

The parametric study of automotive composite bumper beam subjected to frontal impact is presented and discussed in this paper. The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of steel and composite material on energy absorption of automotive front bumper beam. The front bumper beams made of e-glass/epoxy composite and carbon epoxy composite are studied and characterized by impact modeling using LS-DYNA V971, according to United States New Car Assessment Program (US-NCAP) frontal impact velocity and based on European Enhanced Vehicle-safety Committee. The most important variable of this structure are- mass, material, and Specific Energy Absorption (SEA). The results are compared with bumper beam made of mild steel. Three types of materials are used in the present study which consists of mild steel as references material, Aluminum AA5182, E-glass/epoxy composite and carbon fiber/epoxy composite with three different fiber configurations. The beams were subjected to impact loading to determine the internal energy and SEA and to reduce mass of the conventional bumper beam. The in-plane failure behaviors of the composites were evaluated by using Tsai Wu failure criterion. The results for the composite materials are compared to that of the reference material to find the best material with highest SEA. LS-DYNA Finite Element Analysis software was used. The results showed that carbon fiber/epoxy composite bumper can reduce the bumper mass and has highest value of SEA followed by glass fiber/epoxy composite.

scholarly journals Experimental and simulation study of mild steel response to lateral quasi-static compression

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 6488-6496
Author(s):  
Omar Abdulhasan Lafta ◽  
Minah Mohammed Fareed ◽  
Md Radzai Said
Keyword(s):  
Mild Steel ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Axial Direction ◽  
Steel Tube ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Tube Length ◽  
Collapse Load ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
Quasi Static Compression

Collision of structure of a vehicle is not limited to the axial direction but it can occur laterally. The purpose of this paper is to present a study of the energy absorption behavior of different length of the circular mild steel tube under lateral crushing. A ring/tube (length of 10 mm, 35 mm, and 60 mm), 60 mm diameter and 1.5 mm thickness is compressed quasi-statically. Maximum loading setup to Instron machine was 50 kN. The speed of compression is 5mm/min. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) it used to validate the experimental work to ensure of getting accurate results.  Numerical results of energy absorption and collapse load showed respectively 96.52% and 94.36% agreement with experimental results. The theoretical results showed 14.37% deviation with experimental and 15.5% with numerical results. The specimen with 60 mm length leads to better energy absorption than the other specimens. The results obtained numerically and experimentally in addition to theoretically showed the energy absorbed and collapse load varies with the length of the tube.

Remote edge detection of subcutaneous stiffeners

2005 ◽  
Vol 219 (8) ◽  
pp. 579-585
Author(s):  
R Fenn ◽  
J C Watson
Keyword(s):  
Mild Steel ◽  
Eddy Current ◽  
Electrical Response ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Probe Design ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Eddy Current Method ◽  
Outer Skin

Construction of narrow-gap double skin components requires, at some stage, blind welding from one side. During construction, due to thermal distortion, the hidden stiffeners (spacers or stringers) may move sufficiently far from their designated locations that assembly welds, made from one side, could miss the stringers completely. Thus, a real-time sensor capable of identifying and accurately locating spacer edges beneath the outer skin is required. Outer skin magnetic properties and plate/spacer separation seriously influence the capabilities of the best candidate detecting methods. Initial trials were undertaken using a non-destructive testing (NDT) eddy current method to detect beneath aluminium plate. Probe design and construction concentrated on air-cored absolute coils, on which finite element analysis (FEA) was used to predict electrical response. When the refined detector system was tested on magnetic material (mild steel), it was found to be preferable if a static magnetic field was applied to the plate component. Applied magnetism had a profound effect on coil field penetration and hence detectability (maximum plate thickness rose swiftly from 3mm, unmagnetized, to over 12mm, magnetized). As a sensor, the eddy current detector was shown to be capable of finding subcutaneous edges in both aluminium and mild steel fabrications. What has been developed is a sensor simply requiring computer-controlled movement to allow completely automatic hidden edge finding.

Simulation and Analysis on Pressure Resistance Experiments of Automotive Body

2012 ◽  
Vol 490-495 ◽  
pp. 1451-1455
Author(s):  
Guang Yao Zhao ◽  
Yi Feng Zhao ◽  
Chuan Yin Tang ◽  
Zhi Yuan Du
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
The Body ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Vehicle Simulation ◽  
Automotive Body ◽  
Safety Regulations ◽  
Vehicle Rollover ◽  
Pressure Resistance ◽  
Body Energy

Aimed at SUV-type vehicle, simulation and analysis of pressure resistance experiments on the body of automobile has been presented in the paper, according to the vehicle safety regulations and standards of FMVSS216. A limited SUV vehicle model is created; simulation is obtained with the help of software LS-DYNA, based on the principle of finite element analysis method. Assessment of pressure resistance and safety of the automobile has been presented, from the aspect of the deformation of body, the energy absorption of the vehicle and components, and the pressure on the body, etc. By rational improving of the original design of body structure, the reasonable distribution of pressure absorbability of the body of the SUV-type automobile is achieved. The effect of the overall energy absorption of the body is fully exerted, and then the safety of the driver and the passenger in a rollover accident is improved. Research methods and conclusions of this paper provide useful ways and references to the research of the safety of vehicle rollover and design of rationality of body energy absorption

Finite Element Analysis and Optimization of Long-Span Gantry NC Machining Center Structure

2011 ◽  
Vol 346 ◽  
pp. 379-384
Author(s):  
Shu Bo Xu ◽  
Yang Xi ◽  
Cai Nian Jing ◽  
Ke Ke Sun
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Dynamic Performance Analysis

The use of finite element theory and modal analysis theory, the structure of the machine static and dynamic performance analysis and prediction using optimal design method for optimization, the new machine to improve job performance, improve processing accuracy, shorten the development cycle and enhance the competitiveness of products is very important. Selected for three-dimensional CAD modeling software-UG NX4.0 and finite element analysis software-ANSYS to set up the structure of the beam finite element model, and then post on the overall structure of the static and dynamic characteristic analysis, on the basis of optimized static and dynamic performance is more superior double wall structure of the beam. And by changing the wall thickness and the thickness of the inner wall, as well as the reinforcement plate thickness overall sensitivity analysis shows that changes in these three parameters on the dynamic characteristics of post impact. Application of topology optimization methods, determine the optimal structure of the beam ultimately.

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