Laser Texturing as a Way of Influencing the Micromechanical and Biological Properties of the Poly(L-Lactide) Surface

Laser-based technologies are extensively used for polymer surface patterning and/or texturing. Different micro- and nanostructures can be obtained thanks to a wide range of laser types and beam parameters. Cell behavior on various types of materials is an extensively investigated phenomenon in biomedical applications. Polymer topography such as height, diameter, and spacing of the patterning will cause different cell responses, which can also vary depending on the utilized cell types. Structurization can highly improve the biological performance of the material without any need for chemical modification. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of CO2 laser irradiation of poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) thin films on the surface microhardness, roughness, wettability, and cytocompatibility. The conducted testing showed that CO2 laser texturing of PLLA provides the ability to adjust the structural and physical properties of the PLLA surface to the requirements of the cells despite significant changes in the mechanical properties of the laser-treated surface polymer.

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Marine Polysaccharides in Pharmaceutical Applications: Fucoidan and Chitosan as Key Players in the Drug Delivery Match Field

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md17120654 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (12) ◽

pp. 654 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Ana Isabel Barbosa ◽

Ana Joyce Coutinho ◽

Sofia A. Costa Lima ◽

Salette Reis

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Tissue Engineering ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Chemical Structure ◽

Final Section ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Production Methods ◽

Bioactive Properties ◽

Wide Range ◽

Per Se

The use of marine-origin polysaccharides has increased in recent research because they are abundant, cheap, biocompatible, and biodegradable. These features motivate their application in nanotechnology as drug delivery systems; in tissue engineering, cancer therapy, or wound dressing; in biosensors; and even water treatment. Given the physicochemical and bioactive properties of fucoidan and chitosan, a wide range of nanostructures has been developed with these polysaccharides per se and in combination. This review provides an outline of these marine polysaccharides, including their sources, chemical structure, biological properties, and nanomedicine applications; their combination as nanoparticles with descriptions of the most commonly used production methods; and their physicochemical and biological properties applied to the design of nanoparticles to deliver several classes of compounds. A final section gives a brief overview of some biomedical applications of fucoidan and chitosan for tissue engineering and wound healing.

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Thymodepressin—Unforeseen Immunosuppressor

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26216550 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (21) ◽

pp. 6550

Author(s):

Vladislav I. Deigin ◽

Julia E. Vinogradova ◽

Dmitry L Vinogradov ◽

Marina S. Krasilshchikova ◽

Vadim T. Ivanov

Keyword(s):

Experimental Evidence ◽

Synthetic Peptide ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Peptide Drug ◽

Wide Range ◽

History Of ◽

Available Information

The paper summarizes the available information concerning the biological properties and biomedical applications of Thymodepressin. This synthetic peptide drug displays pronounced immunoinhibitory activity across a wide range of conditions in vitro and in vivo. The history of its unforeseen discovery is briefly reviewed, and the current as well as potential expansion areas of medicinal practice are outlined. Additional experimental evidence is obtained, demonstrating several potential advantages of Thymodepressin over another actively used immunosuppressor drug, cyclosporin A.

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Bioinks for 3D Bioprinting: A Scientometric Analysis of Two Decades of Progress

International Journal of Bioprinting ◽

10.18063/ijb.v7i2.337 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Sara Cristina Pedroza-González ◽

Marisela Rodriguez-Salvador ◽

Baruc Emet Pérez Benítez ◽

Mario Moisés Alvarez ◽

Grissel Trujillo-de Santiago

Keyword(s):

Biomedical Applications ◽

Cell Attachment ◽

Cell Types ◽

Scientometric Analysis ◽

Binding Motif ◽

3D Bioprinting ◽

Cell Binding ◽

Biological Performance ◽

The Cost

This scientometric analysis of 393 original papers published from January 2000 to June 2019 describes the development and use of bioinks for 3D bioprinting. The main trends for bioink applications and the primary considerations guiding the selection and design of current bioink components (i.e., cell types, hydrogels, and additives) were reviewed. The cost, availability, practicality, and basic biological considerations (e.g., cytocompatibility and cell attachment) are the most popular parameters guiding bioink use and development. Today, extrusion bioprinting is the most widely used bioprinting technique. The most reported use of bioinks is the generic characterization of bioink formulations or bioprinting technologies (32%), followed by cartilage bioprinting applications (16%). Similarly, the cell-type choice is mostly generic, as cells are typically used as models to assess bioink formulations or new bioprinting methodologies rather than to fabricate specific tissues. The cell-binding motif arginine-glycine-aspartate is the most common bioink additive. Many articles reported the development of advanced functional bioinks for specific biomedical applications; however, most bioinks remain the basic compositions that meet the simple criteria: Manufacturability and essential biological performance. Alginate and gelatin methacryloyl are the most popular hydrogels that meet these criteria. Our analysis suggests that present-day bioinks still represent a stage of emergence of bioprinting technology.

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Recent Trends in Chitosan Nanofibers: From Tissue-Engineering to Environmental Importance: A Review

Material Science Research India ◽

10.13005/msri/140202 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 89-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Saima Wani ◽

HashAm S Sofi ◽

Shafquatat Majeed ◽

Faheem A. Sheikh

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Electrospinning Process ◽

High Porosity ◽

Suitable Candidate ◽

Controlled Drug Delivery System ◽

Wide Range ◽

Recent Trends ◽

Environmental Importance

Chitosan is a biodegradable, biocompatible and extracellular matrix mimicking polymer. These tunable biological properties make chitosan highly useful in a wide range of applications like tissue-engineering, wound dressing material, controlled drug delivery system, biosensors and membrane separators, and as antibacterial coatings etc. Moreover, its similarity with glycosaminoglycans makes its suitable candidate for tissue-engineering. Electrospinning is a novel technique to manufacture nanofibers of chitosan and these nanofibers possess high porosity and surface area, making them excellent candidates for biomedical applications. However, lack of mechanical strength and water insolubility make it difficult to fabricate chitosan nanofibers scaffolds. This often requires blending with other polymers and use of harsh solvents. Also, the functionalization of chitosan with different chemical moieties provides a solution to these limitations. This article reviews the recent trends and sphere of application of chitosan nanofibers produced by electrospinning process. Further, we present the latest developments in the functionalization of this polymer to produce materials of biological and environmental importance.

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Advances in nano-biomaterials and their applications in biomedicine

Emerging Topics in Life Sciences ◽

10.1042/etls20200333 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yogita Patil-Sen

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Regenerative Medicine ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Materials Science ◽

Disease Diagnosis ◽

Biological Properties ◽

The Past ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Wide Range ◽

Biomolecules Detection

Nano0technology has received considerable attention and interest over the past few decades in the field of biomedicine due to the wide range of applications it provides in disease diagnosis, drug design and delivery, biomolecules detection, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Ultra-small size and large surface area of nanomaterials prove to be greatly advantageous for their biomedical applications. Moreover, the physico-chemical and thus, the biological properties of nanomaterials can be manipulated depending on the application. However, stability, efficacy and toxicity of nanoparticles remain challenge for researchers working in this area. This mini-review highlights the recent advances of various types of nanoparticles in biomedicine and will be of great value to researchers in the field of materials science, chemistry, biology and medicine.

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A Multi-layer, Self-aligning Hydrogel Micro-molding Process Offering a Fabrication Route to Perfusable 3D In-Vitro Microvasculature

10.1101/242156 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hossein Heidari ◽

Hayden Taylor

Keyword(s):

Glial Cells ◽

3D Culture ◽

Cell Types ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Vascular Networks ◽

Mechanical Stiffness ◽

Molding Process ◽

Free Standing ◽

Biological Performance

AbstractThe in-vitro fabrication of hierarchical biological systems such as human vasculature, which are made up of two or more cell types with intricate co-culture architectures, is by far one of the most complicated challenges that tissue engineers have faced. Here, we introduce a versatile method to create multi-layered, cell-laden hydrogel microstructures with coaxial geometries and heterogeneous mechanical and biological properties. The technique can be used to build in-vitro vascular networks that are fully embedded in hydrogels of physiologically realistic mechanical stiffness. Our technique produces free-standing 3D structures, eliminating rigid polymeric surfaces from the vicinity of cells and allowing layers of multiple cell types to be defined with tailored extracellular matrix (ECM) composition and stiffness, and in direct contact with each other. We demonstrate co-axial geometries with diameters ranging from 200–2000 μm and layer thicknesses as small as 50–200 µm in agarose– collagen (AC) composite hydrogels. Coaxial geometries with such fine feature sizes are beyond the capabilities of most bioprinting techniques. A potential application of such a structure is to simulate vascular networks in the brain with endothelial cells surrounded by multiple layers of pericytes and other glial cells. For this purpose, the composition and mechanical properties of the composite AC hydrogels have been optimized for cell viability and biological performance of endothelial and glial cell types in both 2D and 3D culture modes. Multi-layered vascular constructs with an endothelial layer surrounded by layers of glial cells have been fabricated. This prototype in-vitro model resembles vascular geometries and opens the way for complex multi-luminal blood vessels to be fabricated.

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Cell Interactions With Polymers

Tissue Engineering ◽

10.1093/oso/9780195141306.003.0018 ◽

2004 ◽

Author(s):

W. Mark Saltzman

Keyword(s):

Cell Viability ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Polymer Surface ◽

Polymeric Materials ◽

Cell Interactions ◽

Cell Culture Techniques ◽

Culture Techniques ◽

Wide Range

Synthetic and natural polymers are an important element in new strategies for producing engineered tissue. Polymers are currently used in a wide range of biomedical applications, including applications in which the polymer remains in intimate contact with cells and tissues for prolonged periods. As discussed in Chapter 1, several classes of polymers have proven to be most useful in biomedical applications and, therefore, might be appropriate for tissue engineering applications. To produce tissue-engineered materials composed of polymers and cells, however, it is first necessary to understand the influence of these polymeric materials on cell viability, growth, and function. Cell interactions with polymers are usually studied using cell culture techniques. While in vitro studies do not reproduce the wide range of cellular responses observed following implantation of materials, the culture environment provides a level of control and quantification that cannot usually be obtained in vivo. Cells in culture are generally plated over a polymer surface and the extent of cell adhesion and spreading on the surface can be measured. By maintaining the culture for longer periods the influence of the substrate on cell viability, function, and motility can also be determined. Since investigators use different techniques to assess cell interactions with polymers, and because the differences between techniques are critically important for interpretation of interactions, some of the most frequently used in vitro methods are reviewed in this section. Before any measurement of cell interaction with a polymer substrate can be attempted, the polymeric material and the cells must come into contact. Preferably, this contact should be controlled (or at least understood) by the experimentalist. This is a critical, and often overlooked, aspect of all of these measurements. Some materials are easily fabricated in a format suitable for study; polystyrene films, for example, are transparent, durable, and strong. Other materials must be coated onto a rigid substrate (such as a glass coverslip) prior to study. Cell function is sensitive to chemical, morphological, and mechanical properties of the surface; therefore, almost every aspect of material preparation can introduce variables that are known to influence cell interactions.

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Physicochemical and Biological Performance of Aloe Vera-Incorporated Native Collagen Films

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics12121173 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

pp. 1173 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mireia Andonegi ◽

Ainhoa Irastorza ◽

Ander Izeta ◽

Koro de la Caba ◽

Pedro Guerrero

Keyword(s):

Biomedical Applications ◽

Aloe Vera ◽

Xrd Analysis ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Fibrillar Structure ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Sem Images ◽

Biological Assays ◽

Native Collagen ◽

Biological Performance

Collagen was obtained from porcine skin by mechanical pretreatments with the aim of preserving the triple helix structure of native collagen, which was indirectly corroborated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results. Moreover, aloe vera (AV), with inherent biological properties, was incorporated into collagen film formulations, and films were prepared by compression and characterized to assess their suitability for biomedical applications. SEM images showed that the fibrillar structure of collagen changed to a rougher structure with the addition of AV, in accordance with the decrease in the lateral packaging of collagen chains observed by XRD analysis. These results suggested interactions between collagen and AV, as observed by FTIR. Considering that AV content higher than 20 wt % did not promote further interactions, this formulation was employed for biological assays and the suitability of AV/collagen films developed for biomedical applications was confirmed.

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Crosslinking method of hyaluronic-based hydrogel for biomedical applications

Journal of Tissue Engineering ◽

10.1177/2041731417726464 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 204173141772646 ◽

Cited By ~ 73

Author(s):

Sureerat Khunmanee ◽

Younghyen Jeong ◽

Hansoo Park

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Hyaluronic Acid ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Minimally Invasive Surgical ◽

Cell Scaffolds ◽

Wide Range ◽

Defect Area ◽

Bioactive Agents ◽

Injectable Gels

In the field of tissue engineering, there is a need for advancement beyond conventional scaffolds and preformed hydrogels. Injectable hydrogels have gained wider admiration among researchers as they can be used in minimally invasive surgical procedures. Injectable gels completely fill the defect area and have good permeability and hence are promising biomaterials. The technique can be effectively applied to deliver a wide range of bioactive agents, such as drugs, proteins, growth factors, and even living cells. Hyaluronic acid is a promising candidate for the tissue engineering field because of its unique physicochemical and biological properties. Thus, this review provides an overview of various methods of chemical and physical crosslinking using different linkers that have been investigated to develop the mechanical properties, biodegradation, and biocompatibility of hyaluronic acid as an injectable hydrogel in cell scaffolds, drug delivery systems, and wound healing applications.

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Recent trends in smartphone-based detection for biomedical applications: a review

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry ◽

10.1007/s00216-021-03184-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 413 (9) ◽

pp. 2389-2406 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Soumyabrata Banik ◽

Sindhoora Kaniyala Melanthota ◽

Arbaaz ◽

Joel Markus Vaz ◽

Vishak Madhwaraj Kadambalithaya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biomedical Applications ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Dark Field ◽

Portable Devices ◽

Food Technology ◽

Wide Range ◽

Technological Interventions ◽

Recent Trends ◽

Increasing Demand

AbstractSmartphone-based imaging devices (SIDs) have shown to be versatile and have a wide range of biomedical applications. With the increasing demand for high-quality medical services, technological interventions such as portable devices that can be used in remote and resource-less conditions and have an impact on quantity and quality of care. Additionally, smartphone-based devices have shown their application in the field of teleimaging, food technology, education, etc. Depending on the application and imaging capability required, the optical arrangement of the SID varies which enables them to be used in multiple setups like bright-field, fluorescence, dark-field, and multiple arrays with certain changes in their optics and illumination. This comprehensive review discusses the numerous applications and development of SIDs towards histopathological examination, detection of bacteria and viruses, food technology, and routine diagnosis. Smartphone-based devices are complemented with deep learning methods to further increase the efficiency of the devices.

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