scholarly journals A Biform Game Model with the Shapley Allocation Functions

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (16) ◽  
pp. 1872
Author(s):  
Chenwei Liu ◽  
Shuwen Xiang ◽  
Yanlong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Strategy ◽  
Fair Allocation ◽  
Core Element ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Core ◽  
Strategy Profile ◽  
Accurate Picture ◽  
Confidence Index ◽  
Biform Games ◽  
Non Cooperative Games

We define the mixed strategy form of the characteristic function of the biform games and build the Shapley allocation function (SAF) on each mixed strategy profile in the second stage of the biform games. SAF provides a more detailed and accurate picture of the fairness of the strategic contribution and reflects the degree of the players’ further choices of strategies. SAF can guarantee the existence of Nash equilibrium in the first stage of the non-cooperative games. The existence and uniqueness of SAF on each mixed strategy profile overcome the defect that the core may be an empty set and provide a fair allocation method when the core element is not unique. Moreover, SAF can be used as an important reference or substitute for the core with the confidence index.

Analisis Kebutuhan Petunjuk Praktikum Berbasis Keterampilan Proses Sains untuk Mencapai Kemampuan Merancang Eksperimen

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitriah Khoirunnisa ◽  
Friska Septiani Silitonga ◽  
Veri Firmansyah
Keyword(s):  
Core Competence ◽  
Process Skills ◽  
Learning Materials ◽  
Science Process Skills ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Core Competence ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Practical Instruction ◽  
Design Experiments

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kebutuhan petunjuk praktikum berbasis Keterampilan Proses Sains (KPS) untuk mencapai kemampuan merancang eksperimen pada materi kalor reaksi kalorimetri. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap peserta didik kelas XI SMA Negeri 2 Kota Tanjungpinang. Variabel penelitian mencakup analisis kebutuhan bahan ajar dan analisis kesesuaian Kompetensi Inti (KI) dan Kompetensi Dasar (KD). Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Tahapan pertama dalam penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kebutuhan bahan ajar dengan cara membandingkan dua petunjuk praktikum yang selama ini telah digunakan di sekolah tersebut, ditinjau dari aspek struktur format penulisan, aspek kreativitas, dan aspek keterampilan proses sains yang terdapat dalam petunjuk praktikum. Sehingga didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa petunjuk praktikum yang selama ini digunakan tidak memberikan kesempatan kepada peserta didiknya untuk merancang eksperimen yang telah ditentukan. Tahapan kedua yaitu menganalisis kesesuaian kompetensi inti dan kompetensi dasar, yang bertujuan untuk menentukan indikator pencapaian kompetensi (IPK) yang akan menjadi acuan dalam mengembangkan petunjuk praktikum berbasis keterampilan proses sains. Dari kedua tahapan yang telah dilakukan maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa peserta didik memerlukan petunjuk praktikum yang mampu mengonstruksi pikiran dan mengaktifkan kinerja mereka, sehingga pendekatan Keterampilan Proses Sains menjadi pilihan dalam mengembangkan petunjuk praktikum yang sesuai dengan karakteristik kurikulum 2013.   This research aims to analyze the needs of Science Process Skills based Practical Instruction to achieve the ability to design experiments on the calor of reaction. This research was done to the students of class XI SMA Negeri 2 Tanjungpinang City. Research Variable includes the analysis of the needs of the learning materials and analysis of the suitability of the Core Competence (KI) and Basic Competence (KD). The type of research conducted is descriptive qualitative research. The first stages in this research is to analyze the needs of learning materials by comparing two practical instructions that had been implementing in the school, from the aspects of the structure of writing format, creativity, and science process skills embedded in practical instructions. The conclusion of this research that current practical instructions does not give an opportunity to the participants to design determined experiments. The second stage, namely analyzing the suitability of core competence and basic competence, which aims to determine the indicators of achievement of the competencies (GPA) which will be a reference in developing process skills-based teaching instructions science. Of the two stages that has been done then it can be concluded that learners need practical instructions to construct  thinking and and their performance, so the Science Process Skills approach is an option in developing practical instruction suitable for the characteristics of the curriculum of 2013.

scholarly journals Framing Effects and Fuzzy Traces: ‘Some’ Observations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Framing Effects ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Core Element ◽  
Alternative Interventions ◽  
Trace Theory ◽  
Fuzzy Trace Theory ◽  
The Core ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Lower Bounding ◽  
Central Claim

AbstractFraming effects occur when people respond differently to the same information, just because it is conveyed in different words. For example, in the classic ‘Disease Problem’ introduced by Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman, people’s choices between alternative interventions depend on whether these are described positively, in terms of the number of people who will be saved, or negatively in terms of the corresponding number who will die. In this paper, I discuss an account of framing effects based on ‘fuzzy-trace theory’. The central claim of this account is that people represent the numbers in framing problems in a ‘gist-like’ way, as ‘some’; and that this creates a categorical contrast between ‘some’ people being saved (or dying) and ‘no’ people being saved (or dying). I argue that fuzzy-trace theory’s gist-like representation, ‘some’, must have the semantics of ‘some and possibly all’, not ‘some but not all’. I show how this commits fuzzy-trace theory to a modest version of a rival ‘lower bounding hypothesis’, according to which lower-bounded interpretations of quantities contribute to framing effects by rendering the alternative descriptions extensionally inequivalent. As a result, fuzzy-trace theory is incoherent as it stands. Making sense of it requires dropping, or refining, the claim that decision-makers perceive alternatively framed options as extensionally equivalent; and the related claim that framing effects are irrational. I end by suggesting that, whereas the modest lower bounding hypothesis is well supported, there is currently less evidence for the core element of the fuzzy trace account.

The Muslim and the Law: A Brunei Experience

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zabaidah Haji Kamaludin
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Core Element ◽  
The Core ◽  
Ideal System ◽  
The Law ◽  
Islamic Values

An Islamic system of governance is an ideal system, which is a tantalising objective for many Muslims but often times not achieved in practice. Countries may call themselves ‘Islamic’ but the core element of Islamicity, that of values such as compassion, equity and justice may not have breached the consciousness of their leaders and citizens. Sometimes it is individuals who act as the catalyst for sparking action. For a Muslim, it is his īmān that serves to light his conscience, and guiding him the dispensation of his everyday tasks within his organisation. This individualised īmān may at times serve as a small but critical factor tilting the different organisational functions of government towards integrations under an Islamic system of governance. This paper recounts the challenges of a Muslim engaging in legal issues in a non-Islamic context, seeking to help enable his organisation to undertake the role of incorporating non-Islamic law with Islamic values.

Closing the ‘blue hole’: Maritime history as a core element of historical research

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-332
Author(s):  
Ingo Heidbrink
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Maritime History ◽  
International Congress ◽  
Global History ◽  
Global Community ◽  
Core Element ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
Blue Hole

The articles in this Forum are revised versions of papers presented in a roundtable session of the XXII International Congress of Historical Sciences, which was held in Jinan, China, during August 2015. In line with the roundtable format deployed by the congress, a broad proposition was introduced in the opening paper, followed by four responses delivered by experts in the field and a plenary discussion of the issues raised by the speakers. In this session, the proponent, Ingo Heidbrink, discussed the development of maritime history as a historical sub-discipline in relation to the emergence of world (and global) history. Particular attention was afforded to the comparative growth rates of these cognate sub-disciplines, and to the reasons why maritime history has expanded relatively slowly, leading to the emergence of a ‘blue hole’ in our knowledge and understanding of the past. The four respondents then addressed the issues raised by Heidbrink from their own disciplinary and regional perspectives. As Heidbrink’s ‘Concluding Remarks’ indicate, all participants agreed that, in itself, the allocation of a session to this subject on the core programme of the congress was a significant recognition that maritime history is a historical sub-discipline that is of relevance to the wider global community of historians, and not just those who are interested in the interaction of humans and the oceans.

scholarly journals International Student Mobility

2018 ◽  
pp. 15-30
Author(s):  
Rashim Wadhwa
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
International Students ◽  
International Student ◽  
Student Mobility ◽  
Internationalization Of Higher Education ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Core Element ◽  
International Student Mobility ◽  
The Core

International student mobility is the core element of the internationalization of higher education. In recent years, a significant change has been observed in the outlook of individuals which is giving a boost to this phenomenon. Within this context, the present chapter analyzed the phenomenon of international student mobility through different approaches by providing critical outlook. An attempt has been made to list the important determinants which influence the decision-making process of international students.

scholarly journals SNMP for Cloud Environment Energy Efficiency

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Chinnici ◽  
Asif Iqbal ◽  
ah lian kor ◽  
colin pattinson ◽  
eric rondeau
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Virtual Machines ◽  
Cloud Environment ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Core ◽  
Snmp Protocol

Abstract Cloud computing has seen rapid growth and environments are now providing multiple physical servers with several virtual machines running on those servers. Networks have grown larger and have become more powerful in recent years. A vital problem related to this advancement is that it has become increasingly complex to manage networks. SNMP is one standard which is applied as a solution to this management of networks problem. This work utilizes SNMP to explore the capabilities of SNMP protocol and its features for monitoring, control and automation of virtual machines and hypervisors. For this target, a stage-wise solution has been formed that obtains results of experiments from the first stage uses SNMPv3 and feed to the second stage for further processing and advancement. The target of the controlling experiments is to explore the extent of SNMP capability in the control of virtual machines running in a hypervisor, also in terms of energy efficiency. The core contribution based on real experiments is conducted to provide empirical evidence for the relation between power consumption and virtual machines.

Management of Logistics Planning

2012 ◽  
pp. 255-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjørnar Aas ◽  
Stein W. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Customer Service ◽  
Logistics Management ◽  
Core Element ◽  
Service Levels ◽  
The Core ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Logistics Planning

Logistics problems are gradually becoming more complex and a better understanding of logistics management as a subject is a key to deal with the new challenges. A core element of logistics management is logistics planning, which substitutes for low customer service levels, high waste, and the use of buffers and slacks in the execution of logistic activities. Furthermore, the availability of information and problem-solving capabilities are established as the core parts of logistics planning. Based on this, in this paper, a conceptual model for the management of logistics planning is proposed and discussed. In this regard, the model is built on ideas from microeconomics.

The EU's Internal Market and the Free Movement of Labor

2017 ◽  
pp. 61-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeynep Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Labor Markets ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Labor Mobility ◽  
Core Element ◽  
Labor Market Integration ◽  
The Core ◽  
Free Mobility ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
European Labor Markets ◽  
The Eu

Free mobility of labor has been the core element of the European integration process. The aim of this chapter is to analyze the effects and challenges of the labor mobility within the EU. The analysis then focuses on the recent trends in labor mobility. Cross-border labor mobility remains low in the EU. The main reasons behind the low levels of labor mobility in the EU include linguistic and cultural reasons, as well as non-tariff barriers such as pension rules, recognition of professional qualification or social security differences. Removal of impediments to free mobility of labor and improvement of flexibility of the European labor markets will strengthen the EU's labor market integration.

E-Government Implementation in Belgium and its Link with the European Dimension

2012 ◽  
pp. 65-85
Author(s):  
Frank Leyman
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Electronic Government ◽  
Public Governance ◽  
Core Element ◽  
The Core ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
User Centric ◽  
Federal Public Service

Information and communication technologies have become the core element of managerial reform, and electronic government (e-government) has played an extremely important part in public governance. With respect to availability of e-services for businesses and citizens, Belgium has considerably improved its position in international benchmarks. Belgium has increasingly focused on reducing administrative burden, developing cross-boundary collaboration, and achieving many important user-related goals. This chapter describes the development of The Federal Public Service for ICT (FEDICT), and its various modules and functions in details. In addition, it discusses how FEDICT helps to reach the goal of a user-centric and cross-boundary e-government in Belgium, and its relationship with other European countries.

Management of Logistics Planning

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjørnar Aas ◽  
Stein W. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Customer Service ◽  
Logistics Management ◽  
Core Element ◽  
Service Levels ◽  
The Core ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Logistics Planning

Logistics problems are gradually becoming more complex and a better understanding of logistics management as a subject is a key to deal with the new challenges. A core element of logistics management is logistics planning, which substitutes for low customer service levels, high waste, and the use of buffers and slacks in the execution of logistic activities. Furthermore, the availability of information and problem-solving capabilities are established as the core parts of logistics planning. Based on this, in this paper, a conceptual model for the management of logistics planning is proposed and discussed. In this regard, the model is built on ideas from microeconomics.

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