scholarly journals Seaweed Blends as a Valuable Source of Polyunsaturated and Healthy Fats for Nutritional and Food Applications

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 684
Author(s):  
Francisca Marques ◽  
Diana Lopes ◽  
Elisabete da Costa ◽  
Tiago Conde ◽  
Andreia Rego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Food Markets ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Lipid Fractions ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Food Applications ◽  
Total Carbohydrates ◽  
Functional Features

Seaweeds are considered healthy and sustainable food. Although their consumption is modest in Western countries, the demand for seaweed in food markets is increasing in Europe. Each seaweed species has unique nutritional and functional features. The preparation of blends, obtained by mixing several seaweeds species, allows the obtaining of maximum benefits and ingredients with single characteristics. In this work, five seaweed blends, commercially available and produced under organic conditions in Europe, were characterized. The proximal composition included contents of ash (20.28–28.68% DW), proteins (17.79–26.61% DW), lipids (0.55–1.50% DW), and total carbohydrates (39.47–47.37% DW). Fatty acid profiles were determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), allowing quantification of healthy fatty acids, namely n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and calculation of lipid quality indices. Each blend showed a characteristic PUFA content in the lipid pool (35.77–49.43% of total fatty acids) and the content in essential and healthy n-3 PUFA is highlighted. The atherogenicity (0.54–0.72) and thrombogenicity (0.23–0.45) indices evidenced a good nutritional value of lipid fractions. As nutritional and environmentally attractive products, the consumption of the studied seaweed blends can contribute to a healthy lifestyle.

MENOPAUSE-INDUCED CHANGES IN LIPID FRACTIONS AND TOTAL FATTY ACIDS IN PLASMA

2001 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Maynar ◽  
G. Mahedero ◽  
I. Maynar ◽  
J. I. Maynar ◽  
I. R. Tuya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Fractions ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Induced Changes

Estimation of Lipid Fractions of Blood Plasma

1955 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 317-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre C Kibrick ◽  
S J Skupp
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Volumetric Method ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Lipid Fractions ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Entire Procedure

Abstract The Allen volumetric method for plasma fat has been modified by calibration to include the percentage of olive-oil recovery. The values obtained from calibration with mercury are corrected for the 125 per cent recovery of the oil. The validity of the entire procedure has been discussed. A simple system of estimating the lipid fractions of plasma has been described. Total lipids are the total of Allen fat + (25 x lipid P). Neutral fat is Allen fat-cholesterol-cholesterol fatty acids. Total fatty acids are X neutral fat + cholesterol fatty acids + (0.64 x phospholipids). The values of total fatty acids have been compared with those obtained by oxidation with dichromate and by determining the esterified fatty acids with iron perchlorate. The values of neutral fat found in 13 apparently normal individuals are shown to range from 0 to 88 and to give an average value of 28 mg./100 ml.

scholarly journals Analysis of the lipid fractions of coffee creamers, cream aerosols, and bouillon cubes for their health risk associated constituents

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Karšulínová ◽  
B. Folprechtová ◽  
M. Doležal ◽  
J. Dostálová ◽  
J. Velíšek
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Trans Fatty Acids ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Lipid Fractions ◽  
Hydrogenated Oils ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Mcpd Esters ◽  
Acid Esters

Fifteen coffee creamers, 10 cream aerosols, and 5 bouillon cubes from the retail market were analysed, principally for their contents of trans-fatty acids that are known to increase the risk of coronary heart disease, and for their contents of 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) fatty acid esters that possibly have a bioaccumulation potential. The contents of trans-fatty acids in coffee creamers, cream aerosols and bouillon cubes were in the range of 0.2–32.8%, < LOD – 6.0%, and 0.5–2.1% of total fatty acids, respectively. All samples contained high levels of 3-MCPD fatty acid esters that were determined after releasing the free 3-MCPD by methanolysis. The 3-MCPD levels in coffee creamers, cream aerosols, and bouillon cubes were in the range of 130–730 µg/kg (540–4480 µg/kg fat), 50–730 µg/kg (220–2880 µg/kg fat), and 380–670 µg/kg (2650–4840 µg/kg fat), respectively. The results showed that the refined and hydrogenated oils may represent a certain risk. The highest levels of 3-MCPD esters were found in a sample of refined palm oil (4170 µg/kg). Currently, there is no information available on how these 3-MCPD esters are metabolised, to which extent they are hydrolysed or biosynthesised in the body, to which extent they are deposited in tissues, and how they influence the properties and functions of tissues (if they really do it).

scholarly journals Male sterile 305 Mutation Leads the Misregulation of Anther Cuticle Formation by Disrupting Lipid Metabolism in Maize

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2500
Author(s):  
Haichun Shi ◽  
Yang Yu ◽  
Ronghuan Gu ◽  
Chenxi Feng ◽  
Yu Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Anther Cuticle ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Physical Barriers ◽  
Lipidome Analysis

The anther cuticle, which is mainly composed of lipid polymers, functions as physical barriers to protect genetic material intact; however, the mechanism of lipid biosynthesis in maize (Zea mays. L.) anther remains unclear. Herein, we report a male sterile mutant, male sterile 305 (ms305), in maize. It was shown that the mutant displayed a defective anther tapetum development and premature microspore degradation. Three pathways that are associated with the development of male sterile, including phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, as well as cutin, suberine, and wax biosynthesis, were identified by transcriptome analysis. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry disclosed that the content of cutin in ms305 anther was significantly lower than that of fertile siblings during the abortion stage, so did the total fatty acids, which indicated that ms305 mutation might lead to blocked synthesis of cutin and fatty acids in anther. Lipidome analysis uncovered that the content of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, diacylglycerol, monogalactosyldiacylglycerol, and digalactosyldiacylglycerol in ms305 anther was significantly lower when compared with its fertile siblings, which suggested that ms305 mutation disrupted lipid synthesis. In conclusion, our findings indicated that ms305 might affect anther cuticle and microspore development by regulating the temporal progression of the lipidome in maize.

scholarly journals The proportion of trans monounsaturated fatty acids in serum triacylglycerols or platelet phospholipids as an objective indicator of their short-term intake in healthy men

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald P. Mensink ◽  
Gerard Hornstra
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Lipid Fractions ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Modified Diet

Unfavourable effects of trans monounsaturated fatty acid (trans-C18:1) isomers on health variables have been reported. Reports on their actual intake, however, are scarce, because of the absence in many nutrient databases of values for trans-C18:1, and the wide variation in the level of trans fatty acids between different brands of the same product. We therefore examined whether the intake of trans-C18:1 is reflected by trans-C18:1 concentrations in serum triacylglycerols or platelet phospholipids. Thirtyeight men received two diets in random order. During the first experimental period twenty men consumed a Western-type control diet for six weeks, and eighteen men consumed a modified diet in which 70% of the fat was replaced by palm oil. After a wash-out period of 3 weeks, regimens were crossed over (second experimental period). The proportion of total fatty acids from trans-C18:1 in the diet decreased from 4·7 (SEM 0·27) during the control to 2·1 (SEM 0·16) on the modified diet (P < 0·001). Trans-C18:1 in serum triacylglycerols decreased from 3·5 (SEM 0·13) to 2·8 (SEM 0·11)% (P < 0·001), and in platelet phospholipids from 1·0 (SEM 0·06) to 0·7 (SEM 0·4)% (P < 0·001). After the first experimental period trans-C18:1 in the diet correlated with trans-C18:1 in serum triacylglycerols (r 0·41; P = 0·014), and platelet phospholipids (r 0·52; P = 0·001). Also, differences in the intake between the two periods correlated with changes in the proportion of trans-C18:1 in serum triacylglycerols (r 0·56; P= 0·001) and platelet phospholipids (r 0·58; P < 0·001). These results suggest that analyses of blood lipid fractions can be used to estimate the intake, and to monitor changes in the intake, of trans-C18:1.

scholarly journals The Changes in the Lipid Composition of Mung Bean Seeds as Affected by Processing Methods

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
El-Sayed Ali Abdel-Rahman ◽  
Fawzy A El-Fishawy ◽  
Mohamed A El-Geddawy ◽  
Tomas Kurz ◽  
Mohamed N El-Rify
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Lipid Fractions ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Tlc Analysis

This study was conducted to assess in detail the possible effects of some technological processes such as soaking, germination, cooking, soaking + cooking, and germination + cooking on the lipid composition of mung bean seeds of Giza 1 variety. TLC analysis of mung bean lipids showed that the phospholipids and triglycerides recorded the highest percentage among lipid fractions (32.26 and 30.10%), while the 1,3 diglycerides constituted the least percentage (2.80%) in mung bean seeds. The soaking, germination and cooking processes caused a decrease in the phospholipids, triglycerides and hydrocarbons accompanied with an increase in monoglycerides, 1,2-(2,3)-diglycerides, sterols and free fatty acids. Eleven fractions were separated from phospholipids class of the studied samples; seven of these fractions were identified. The major component of phospholipids was phosphatidyl choline, amounting to 21.30, 17.84, 16.21, 13.87, 13.20 and 11.47% of the total phospholipids in raw, soaked, germinated, raw-cooked, soaked-cooked and germinated-cooked mung bean seeds, respectively. Gas liquid chromatography of the total lipids of mung bean seeds showed that the unsaturated fatty acids represented 69.58, 64.35, 63.3, 63.16, 61.84 and 61.12%, while the levels of saturated fatty acids were low being 30.37, 34.05, 35.66, 34.64, 37.93 and 38.75% of the total fatty acids in raw, soaked, germinated, raw-cooked, soaked-cooked and germinated-cooked, respectively. The total essential fatty acids (linoleic and linolenic) represented the highest proportion of fatty acids (50.10% of the total fatty acids).

scholarly journals Analysis Fatty Acids Profile in Tabanus bivittatus Mats with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-118
Author(s):  
Wang Yanhua ◽  
Wu Fuhua ◽  
Guo Zhaohan ◽  
Peng Mingxing ◽  
Xia Min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palmitoleic Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

Tabanus bivittatus Mats., a traditional Chinese medicine, is commonly used for cardiovascular disorders treatment including atherosclerosis. There have been only a few researches on its chemical components, and no detailed report has appeared on its fatty acids. To develop a simple and effective method for the extraction of total fatty acids from Tabanus bivittatus Mats., the Soxhlet extraction (SE) condition was optimized with response surface methodology. The fatty acid composition of the extract were determined by GC-MS with previous derivatization to fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs). The major fatty acids in Tabanus bivittatus Mats. were oleic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, and stearic acid, and the unsaturated fatty acids occupy 63.9% of the total fatty acids.

(omega-1)-Hydroxymonocarboxylic acids in urine of infants fed medium-chain triglycerides.

1981 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1661-1664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Shigematsu ◽  
T Momoi ◽  
M Sudo ◽  
Y Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Octanoic Acid ◽  
Monocarboxylic Acid ◽  
Decanoic Acid ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Medium Chain Triglycerides ◽  
Medium Chain ◽  
Chain Acyl ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

Abstract Organic acids in the urine of infants fed a formula containing medium-chain triglycerides (octanoic acid 49% and decanoic acid 26% of total fatty acids) were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. We found a considerable amount of 5-hydroxyhexanoic acid and 7-hydroxyoctanoic acid, but no detectable 9-hydroxydecanoic acid, as well as a large amount of C6-C10-dicarboxylic acid. We believe that such acids are derived, via (omega-1)-hydroxylation, from medium-chain monocarboxylic acid or medium-chain acyl-CoA in the liver cell. The degree of (omega-1)-hydroxylation of medium-chain fatty acids relative to omega-hydroxylation apparently increases as the chain length of the fatty acids decreases.

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