scholarly journals The Changes in the Lipid Composition of Mung Bean Seeds as Affected by Processing Methods

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
El-Sayed Ali Abdel-Rahman ◽  
Fawzy A El-Fishawy ◽  
Mohamed A El-Geddawy ◽  
Tomas Kurz ◽  
Mohamed N El-Rify
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Lipid Fractions ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Tlc Analysis

This study was conducted to assess in detail the possible effects of some technological processes such as soaking, germination, cooking, soaking + cooking, and germination + cooking on the lipid composition of mung bean seeds of Giza 1 variety. TLC analysis of mung bean lipids showed that the phospholipids and triglycerides recorded the highest percentage among lipid fractions (32.26 and 30.10%), while the 1,3 diglycerides constituted the least percentage (2.80%) in mung bean seeds. The soaking, germination and cooking processes caused a decrease in the phospholipids, triglycerides and hydrocarbons accompanied with an increase in monoglycerides, 1,2-(2,3)-diglycerides, sterols and free fatty acids. Eleven fractions were separated from phospholipids class of the studied samples; seven of these fractions were identified. The major component of phospholipids was phosphatidyl choline, amounting to 21.30, 17.84, 16.21, 13.87, 13.20 and 11.47% of the total phospholipids in raw, soaked, germinated, raw-cooked, soaked-cooked and germinated-cooked mung bean seeds, respectively. Gas liquid chromatography of the total lipids of mung bean seeds showed that the unsaturated fatty acids represented 69.58, 64.35, 63.3, 63.16, 61.84 and 61.12%, while the levels of saturated fatty acids were low being 30.37, 34.05, 35.66, 34.64, 37.93 and 38.75% of the total fatty acids in raw, soaked, germinated, raw-cooked, soaked-cooked and germinated-cooked, respectively. The total essential fatty acids (linoleic and linolenic) represented the highest proportion of fatty acids (50.10% of the total fatty acids).

Criteria for essential fatty acid deficiency in plasma as assessed by capillary column gas-liquid chromatography.

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 1869-1873 ◽  
Author(s):  
E N Siguel ◽  
K M Chee ◽  
J X Gong ◽  
E J Schaefer
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Capillary Column ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Vaccenic Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Mead Acid ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

Abstract To develop criteria for deficiency of essential fatty acids (EFA), we used capillary-column gas-liquid chromatography to determine fatty acids (percentage of total fatty acids) in plasma obtained in the fasting state from 56 reference subjects and from 10 patients with intestinal fat malabsorption and suspected EFA deficiency. Fatty acid evaluations (percentage of total fatty acids) that allowed for a clear distinction (P less than 0.01) between reference subjects and patients, based on values two standard deviations below or above the reference mean, included values for linoleic acid (18:2w6) below 27%, and values for palmitic acid (16:0), palmitoleic acid (16:1w7), oleic acid (18:1w9), vaccenic acid (18:1w7), and Mead acid (20:3w9) exceeding 21%, 2.6%, 23.3%, 2.1%, and 0.21%, respectively. Ratios of total EFA to total non-EFA of less than 0.60 and of Mead acid to arachidonic acid of greater than 0.025 also served to identify patients, and were not found in reference subjects. Significant inverse correlations between percentages of plasma EFA and plasma mono-unsaturated fatty acids were noted. Our reference-interval data can be used to assess normality of plasma EFA status.

scholarly journals Fatty Acids Profile, Physicalchemical Properties and Minerals with Quantify Indicador of Astrocaryum aculeatum Pulp Oil

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 352
Author(s):  
Bernardo M. Linhares ◽  
Ana Marcia D. C. Costa ◽  
Herliana D. F. Abreu ◽  
Ana Cristina G. Reis de Melo ◽  
Pedro R. E. Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Astrocaryum Aculeatum ◽  
Air Circulation ◽  
Acid Index

The species Astrocaryum aculeatum (Arecaceae) is known in the Brazilian Amazon as tucumã, whose fruit is much appreciated by the population of the region, where its pulp, oleaginous, is the most consumed. Thus, the aim of this work was to perform a profile of fatty acids by GC-FID and minerals by ICP-OES of the oil of the pulp of the tucumã (A. aculeatum), as well as their physicochemical properties by 1H NMR. The fruits were collected in Alto Alegre city, Roraima, Brazil. These were taken to the laboratory, sanitized and removing your pulp, submitted to the oven with air circulation at 50 °C for 72 h, the dried pulps were milled and sieved between 20-40 mesh. The pulp oil extraction was realized in Soxhlet with hexane for 6 hours (yield of 54.7%). Were identified a total of 10 fatty acids, of these 23.8% are saturated fatty acids and 76.2% are unsaturated fatty acids: palmitic acid (10.4%), stearic acid (4.9%), oleic acid (64.2%), linoleic acid (11%) and linolenic acid (1%). The physicochemical properties have a pulp oil acid index of 0.31 mg KOH g-1, saponification of 190.39 mg KOH g-1, iodine index of 85.97 mg g-1. Minerals such as in their available forms K (70.05 mg L-1) Na (30.30 mg L-1), Ca (20.13 mg L-1) and P (20.07 mg L-1) were observed in high concentrations. The Amazon tucumã is an oleaginous that deserves our attention because it is composed of essential fatty acids that are beneficial to the human health.

Fatty Acids of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)

1972 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Worthington ◽  
T. S. Boggess Jr. ◽  
E. K. Heaton
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

Representative samples of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque) were obtained from five processing plants and analyzed by gas–liquid chromatography for fatty acid composition of muscle tissues. Twenty-three fatty acids were measured. The saturated fatty acids comprised 26.5%, monoenes 48.1%, dienes 13.0%, trienes 3.1%, tetraenes 3.6%, pentaenes 1.3%, and hexaenes 1.9% of total fatty acids. Fatty acid composition varied significantly (P <.01) among fish obtained from the same plant, and in addition, significant variation associated with processing plant was observed for some fatty acids.

scholarly journals Variation of Fatty Acids and Antioxidants Contents of Vegetarian Rayeb Milk as Affected by Fortification with Natural and Artificial Sweeteners

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Magdy Mohamed Ismail ◽  
Magdy Mohamed Ismail ◽  
Mohamed Abdou Mousa ◽  
Mohamed Ismail Abou-Dobara ◽  
Nawal Mohamed Refat
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Milk Mixture ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Rayeb milk (bio-stirred yogurt) samples were prepared from cow milk sesame milk or cow and sesame milk mixture (1:1) with or without adding sucrose (5%), honey (5%), fructose (2.5%) and sorbitol (1.5%) and using ABT-5 culture. Results showed levels of saturated fatty acids (SFA), short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and medium chain fatty acids (MCFA were lower whereas values of unsaturated fatty acids (USFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUSFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUSFA) and long chain fatty acids (LCFA) were higher in sesame milk Rayeb than that of Rayeb manufactured from cow milk. Rayeb made from cow and sesame mixture had higher levels of antioxidant activity than Rayeb prepared from cow milk or sesame milk. The acidity, total solids and total volatile fatty acids values of Rayeb milk treatments contained sweeteners were higher than that of control. The addition of sweeteners decreased SFA, SCFA and MCFA and increased USFA, MUSFA, PUSFA, LCFA and antioxidant activity values of Rayeb milk. Essential fatty acids, linoleic acid (omega-6), α-linolenic acid (omega-3) and oleic acid (omega-9) greatly increased in Rayeb made from cow and sesame milk mixture. Adding sweeteners had the same effect. Fortification of Rayeb milk with sweeteners highly improved the smell, taste, mouth feel, texture and body evaluation scores.

OPTIMUM RATIO OF SATURATED TO MONO-UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS IN RAT DIETS

1955 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1047-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Y. Hopkins ◽  
T. K. Murray ◽  
J. A. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Weanling Rats ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Normal Rat

Fat mixtures were prepared in which the content of linoleic acid was held constant at approximately 10% of the total fatty acids, but the ratio of saturated to mono-unsaturated acids was varied from 3.5: 1 to 1: 8. These mixtures were added to a low-fat fox chow diet at the rate of 20 parts fat to 80 parts fox chow and the resulting mixtures were fed to weanling rats in one experiment and to semiadult rats in another. The feeding period was nine weeks. In both experiments the male rats showed significant differences in final weight between the diets. Best weight gains were made on the fat mixture in which the fatty acid ratio was close to that of normal rat depot fat, viz. one part of saturated acid to two parts of mono-unsaturated acid. Female rats did not show significant differences in weight gain on the various fat mixtures. Excretion of lipid in the feces showed a tendency to increase with increasing ratios of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids in the diet.

scholarly journals Site differences in the fatty acid composition of subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese women

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ph. G. Pittet ◽  
D. Halliday ◽  
P. E. Bateman
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Obese Women

1. Adipose tissue samples were obtained by needle biopsy from three subcutaneous sites (thigh, abdomen and upper arm) in twenty-two obese women. The fatty acid composition was determined using gas-liquid chromatography and the results presented relate to eleven component fatty acids.2. The fatty acid composition of adipose tissue obtained from the arm and abdomen was remarkably similar, with the exception of the levels of lauric acid.3. The analyses showed that the majority of the saturated fatty acids were present in smaller proportions whilist the majority of unsaturated fatty acids were present in larger proportions in the thigh than in the two other sites. Highly significant inter-site differences were demonstrated for six of the major fatty acids and also for both the total amounts of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and their ratios.4. No marked differences in the fatty acid composition of adipose tissue from obese subjects were revealed during this study when compared with previously reported results obtained from ‘normal-weight’ subjects.

scholarly journals The association between dietary fatty acid intake and the risk of developing preeclampsia: a matched case–control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-na Li ◽  
Yan-hua Liu ◽  
Ze-yan Luo ◽  
Yun-feng Cui ◽  
Yuan Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acid Intake

AbstractThe association between dietary fat intake during pregnancy and the risk of developing preeclampsia has been examined in many epidemiological studies, but the results remain inconsistent. The aim of this study was to clarify this association in pregnant Chinese women. After conducting 1:1 matching, 440 pairs consisting of pregnant women with preeclampsia and hospital-based, healthy pregnant women matched by gestational week (± 1 week) and age (± 3 years) were recruited. A 79-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire administered during face-to-face interviews was used to estimate the participants’ dietary intake of fatty acids. We found that the intakes of arachidonic acid (AA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were inversely associated with the risk of developing preeclampsia. Compared with the lowest quartile intake, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of the highest quartile intake were 0.42 (0.26–0.68, p-trend < 0.001) for EPA, 0.52 (0.3–0.83, p-trend = 0.005) for DHA, and 0.41 (0.19–0.88, p-trend = 0.007) for AA. However, we did not observe any significant associations between the intake of total fatty acids, saturated fatty acids, and mono-unsaturated fatty acids and the risk of developing preeclampsia. Our results showed that the dietary intake of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (i.e., EPA, DHA, and AA) may protect pregnant Chinese women against the development of preeclampsia.

OPTIMUM RATIO OF SATURATED TO MONO-UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS IN RAT DIETS

1955 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1047-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Y. Hopkins ◽  
T. K. Murray ◽  
J. A. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Weanling Rats ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Normal Rat

Fat mixtures were prepared in which the content of linoleic acid was held constant at approximately 10% of the total fatty acids, but the ratio of saturated to mono-unsaturated acids was varied from 3.5: 1 to 1: 8. These mixtures were added to a low-fat fox chow diet at the rate of 20 parts fat to 80 parts fox chow and the resulting mixtures were fed to weanling rats in one experiment and to semiadult rats in another. The feeding period was nine weeks. In both experiments the male rats showed significant differences in final weight between the diets. Best weight gains were made on the fat mixture in which the fatty acid ratio was close to that of normal rat depot fat, viz. one part of saturated acid to two parts of mono-unsaturated acid. Female rats did not show significant differences in weight gain on the various fat mixtures. Excretion of lipid in the feces showed a tendency to increase with increasing ratios of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids in the diet.

scholarly journals Factores asociados con la calidad de la carne. II parte: perfil de ácidos grasos de la carne bovina en 40 empresas ganaderas de la región Caribe y el Magdalena Medio

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Efrén Vásquez ◽  
Beatriz Abadía ◽  
Luis Carlos Arreaza ◽  
Hugo Humberto Ballesteros ◽  
César Andrés Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

<p>Se evaluó el perfil de cinco ácidos grasos en muestras del músculo <em>Longissimus dorsi </em>de 120 bovinos provenientes de 40 empresas ganaderas de trópico bajo, ubicadas en zonas declaradas libres de aftosa por vacunación y productoras de canales de alta calidad. Respecto del perfil de ácidos grasos de cadena larga se encontró que el promedio general del extracto etéreo fue de 7,41 ± 3,61% con un cv alto (48,80%); además, para esta variable se establecieron diferencias (P&lt; 0,001) en cuanto al tipo de forraje y el suplemento utilizado para la alimentación de los animales, el tipo racial y entre empresas ganaderas; así mismo, hubo diferencias (P&lt; 0,005) en cuanto el efecto de la condición sexual, la clasificación de la canal y el uso de hormonas. Para el total de ácidos grasos se encontró un promedio de 58,11 ± 8,44% distribuido con valores promedio para los ácidos grasos saturados de 30,61 ± 4,96% y para los ácidos grasos insaturados de 27,49 ± 4,23%, de los cuales el 22,87 ± 4,04% está compuesto por ácidos grasos monoinsaturados y el 4,61 ± 0,79% por ácidos grasos poliinsaturados. Con relación a los valores de extracto etéreo se encontró el mayor porcentaje en la raza Brangus (17,68 ± 3,75%), seguido por animales Cebú x <em>Bos taurus </em>y Cebú Brahman, con valores de 7,51 ± 4,76 y 7,30 ± 5,07%, respectivamente; el tipo racial Romosinuano puro y los cruces de Cebú con Romosinuano y Pardo Suizo presentaron los menores valores para esta variable. </p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Meat quality associated factors. Part II: Fatty acids profile of beef in 40 cattle enterprises of the Caribbean and mid-Magdalena regions of Colombia </strong></p><strong>]</strong>The profile of five fatty acids in samples of <em>Longissimus dorsi </em>muscle tissue was evaluated on 120 bovine animals from 40 meat enterprises producing high quality carcasses in lowland tropical areas declared free of hoof-and-mouth disease by vaccination. Regarding the profile of long chain fatty acids it was found that the general average of ether extract was 7.41 ± 3.61% with a high cv (48.8%). Additionally, for this variable were established differences (P&lt; 0.001) due to forage type, feed supplement, type of breed and meat enterprise. Similarly, there were differences (P&lt; 0.005) in regard to the effect of gender, carcass classification, and use of hormones. For total fatty acids an average of 58.11 ± 8.44% was found, distributed with mean values for saturated fatty acids of 30.61 ± 4.96% and for unsaturated fatty acids of 27.49 ± 4.23 %, of which 22.87 ± 4.04% is composed of monounsaturated fatty acids and 4.61 ± 0.79% of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Ether extract values were higher with the Brangus breed (17,68 ± 3,75%) followed by Zebú x <em>Bos taurus </em>and Zebú Brahman crosses with values of 7,51 ± 4,76 and 7,30 ± 5,07%, respectively. The pure Romosinuano racial type and the crosses of Zebú x Brown Swiss and Zebu x Romosinuano showed the lowest values for this variable.

scholarly journals Impaired fetal erythrocytes' filterability: relationship with cell size, membrane fluidity, and membrane lipid composition

Blood ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 79 (8) ◽  
pp. 2148-2153 ◽  
Author(s):  
FC Colin ◽  
Y Gallois ◽  
D Rapin ◽  
A Meskar ◽  
JJ Chabaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Membrane Fluidity ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Fluorescence Polarization ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Biophysical Parameters ◽  
Membrane Lipid Composition

Abstract The lipid composition of erythrocytes (red blood cells [RBCs]) plays a significant role in determining certain membrane biophysical properties. We have found that fetal RBCs showed a dramatically low filterability compared with adult RBCs and questioned whether this could be a consequence of their membrane lipid composition. We therefore studied fetal RBCs at two different gestational ages, neonatal RBCs and adult RBCs. Biophysical parameters were studied using two different techniques, filterability and membrane fluidity. The latter was measured by fluorescence polarization using three different probes. The membrane lipid composition was examined by measuring cholesterol and phospholipids. After extraction of the phospholipids, followed by high performance thin-layer chromatography, the fatty acids in the phospholipid subfractions were analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography. The fetal RBCs' filterability was found to be correlated with both the larger size and the higher hemoglobin content of the cells, but there was no correlation between RBC filterability and fluidity or membrane lipid composition. In adult RBCs, compared with neonatal RBCs, the slight increase of unsaturated fatty acids in phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine should have increased the membrane fluidity. However, in RBCs, no change was observed in the fluidity parameters measured by fluorescence polarization.

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