scholarly journals Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Working Conditions of Dentists in Poland and Turkey

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 1082
Author(s):  
Sarkis Sozkes ◽  
Iwona Olszewska-Czyż
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Full Face ◽  
Dental Professionals

Background and Objectives: Due to the specific working conditions dental professionals represent a group of high risk of infection and COVID-19 pandemic in many ways have influenced their working environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of COVID-19 pandemic on working conditions of dentists in Poland and Turkey. Materials and Methods: The study was an anonymous online questionnaire conducted among thedentists in two countries: Poland and Turkey. The survey consisted of general questions, COVID-19 pandemic infection and working history as well as working conditions before and during pandemic. Chi-square test, Fisher’s Exact test, Fisher Freeman Halton test and Continuity (Yates) Correction were used to compare qualitative data. Results: The study was conducted with a total of 400 participants, 162 (40.5%) men and 238 (59.5%) women, aged between 23 and 67. The mean age of the participants was 42.39 ± 9.99 years. Positive COVID-19 test results among dentists in Poland were found to be significantly higher than in Turkey. Time of dental procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland and Turkey was significantly increased. The usage of N95/FFP2 or N99/FFP3 masks and surgical gowns during COVID-19 pandemic compared to pre-COVID-19 periods was clearly higher (p < 0.05). Reusable full-face and half-face elastomeric respirators are increasingly used in Turkey. During the COVID-19 pandemic a 25% decrease in dentists’ income in Poland (81%) was significantly high than in Turkey (47.5%). Conclusions: COVID-19 pandemic has influenced working conditions of dentists. Many dentists got infected during the pandemic, dental procedures’ time has increased, and protective equipment usage has become higher. Further studies analyzing the working conditions of dentists during COVID-19 pandemic should be conducted for better planning of future decisions taken by governments and authorities.

scholarly journals Patient safety in nursing care during medication administration

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Júlian Katrin Albuquerque de Oliveira ◽  
Eliana Ofélia Llapa-Rodriguez ◽  
Iza Maria Fraga Lobo ◽  
Luciana de Santana Lôbo Silva ◽  
Simone de Godoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Medication Administration ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Nursing Team ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Vascular Catheters ◽  
Multidose Vial

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the conformity of care practices of the nursing team during the administration of drugs through central vascular catheter. Method: a descriptive, prospective, observational study conducted in an Intensive Care Unit. The non-probabilistic intentional sample consisted of 3402 observations of drug administrations in patients with central vascular catheters. The previously validated collection instrument was constructed based on the Guideline for Prevention of Intravascular catheter-related infections. Data was collected through direct observations of nursing practices performed by the nursing team. The analysis used analytical, descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test). Results: a total of 3402 procedures of drug administrations were observed. Female nursing technicians performed the highest number of actions. In none of the procedures did the professional perform all necessary actions. 0.2% of drug administrations were preceded by hand hygiene and 1.3% by disinfection of the multidose vial, ampoule or injectors. Conclusion: the practice evaluated was classified as undesirable. Failure to achieve the desired conformity was probably due to the low adherence of professionals to the practice of hand hygiene and disinfection of materials, injectors and connectors.

scholarly journals Cone beam tomography and panoramic radiography in localization of impacted maxillary canine and detection of root resorption

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-112
Author(s):  
Seden Akan ◽  
◽  
Husamettin Oktay ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Root Resorption ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Panoramic Images ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Index 2 ◽  
Cone Beam Tomography

ntroduction The aim of this study was to evaluate cases of impacted maxillary canines (IMC) using cone beam tomography (CBCT) and panoramic images in an attempt to assess if panoramic radiographs can provide information compatible with CBCT results regarding canine position and root resorption. Methodology Fifty-six impacted maxillary canines from 48 patients were radiographically evaluated. The positions of the canine teeth were classified by Sector localization on panoramic radiographs and the same teeth were also analyzed by KPG on CBCT. Root resorptions in maxillary lateral incisors were also evaluated on CBCT. The relationships between panoramic and CBCT findings were compared by Chi-square test and Fischer’s exact test. Results Statistically significant correlations were found between panoramic Sectors and KPG indexes (p<0.001). KPG index values of 1, 3 and 4 corresponded to the panoramic Sectors 1, 4 and 5, respectively; but KPG index 2 matched the panoramic Sectors 3 and more often 2. Mid-alveolar impaction generally coincided with score 1 for both KPG index and panoramic Sector. In palatally IMC, this score value was generally 2 or 3 for the KPG index and 4 for the panoramic Sector (p≤0.001). Root resorptions in maxillary lateral incisors showed significant differences according to Sector localization and KPG index (p<0.05), namely they coincided with 2 and 3 in Sector evaluation and 2, 3 and 4 in KPG index. Conclusions Sector location on OPG is found to be related to KPG index on CBCT, and it can help evaluate mainly certain positions of impacted canines; thus, unnecessary CBCT scans are not requested.

scholarly journals Clinical versus Dental Laboratory Survey Regarding Modern Fixed Implant Supported Prosthetic in Romania

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 472
Author(s):  
Luminita Oancea ◽  
Eugenia Panaitescu ◽  
Mihai Burlibasa ◽  
Catalin Gagiu
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Ratio Test ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
Laboratory Survey

(1) Background: The success of prosthetic treatment with implant support depends on the combined effort of the team doctor-technician, each of them being responsible for the validation of execution stages. (2) Methods: we composed an online questionnaire with 18 multiple choice questions, using the Google Forms application. It was filled out by an equal number of prosthodontic specialists and dental technicians. Differences and associations were evaluated by Likelihood Ratio test, Linear by Linear association test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Pearson Chi-Square test and the Fisher’s Exact test. (3) Results: Differences and similarities were found between the statements of prosthodontic specialists and dental technicians. Years of experience are correlated with the number of restorations, impression techniques and types of restoration (p ≤ 0.05). Similar answers for both groups were registered for preferred screw retained type of prosthetic abutment and most frequently reported complications. (4) Conclusions: The different perspectives of the two members of the prosthodontic team regarding the leading role in the treatment plan, type of abutment, impression technique and prosthetic design of implant fixed restorations has been revealed in our study. Similar education curricula and standards for continuing training courses after graduation are necessary for prosthodontic specialists and technicians in Romania.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE INFECTION AWARENESS OF DENTISTS DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
SANAZ SADRY ◽  
Zeynep Sapan
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Years Of Experience ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Survey Results

Background: The present study aims to investigate the state of sterilization, disinfection and infection control of dentists during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The study involved 310 dentists, who were asked to fill in a 19-question, multiple-choice survey on sterilization, disinfection and infection control. The survey results were evaluated statistically using chi-square test. Results: An investigation of the changes in working conditions and occupational experience during the pandemic period showed that 86.7% of the physicians who quit are the ones with occupational experience of 0 to 6 years. 89.3% of the physicians who answered “No idea” to the question about sterilization methods consist of physicians with over 20 years of experience, while 7.1% of them are physicians with 6-10 years of experience. Conclusion: Dentistry is the highest risk profession in the COVID-19 pandemic. And dentists need to reduce this risk by utilizing personal protective equipment and adopting the most appropriate disinfection and sterilization measures. Key Words: Disinfection, dentistry, sterilization.

High BMI leads to increased breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tifanny Tantoso ◽  
Mega Sari Sitorus ◽  
Lita Feriyawati ◽  
Dian Dwi Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Cancer Breast ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Control Study ◽  
High Bmi

Obesity is a worldwide problem that has been steadily increasing even in developing countries. Obesity has been linked to various types of cancer, one of which is breast cancer. Breast cancer has been classified into various types based on gene and hormone receptor expressions, which offered new insights to therapies and prognoses. We conducted a case-control study using 42 breast cancer patients and 43 healthy women, all of which are older than 55 years of age and have experienced menopause, and for case subjects, additional immunohistochemistry profiles have been provided. Data were collected by interviews and medical records. For data analysis, we used Pearson’s Chi-Square test and Fisher’s Exact test. Results showed that high BMI is significantly associated with breast cancer, and risk is elevated (p < 0.05, OR = 1.263, 95% CI = 1.007-1.583). No significant association with molecular subtypes was observed.

scholarly journals Pandemia da covid-19 e os impactos nas atividades acadêmicas no brasil

2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Cristina Barbosa Pereira Queiroz ◽  
Christian Luiz Da Silva ◽  
Nilton Cézar Lima ◽  
Jamerson Viegas Queiroz ◽  
Carmem Kistemacher Barche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Learning Technologies ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Perceived Impacts ◽  
Digital Exclusion ◽  
Education Courses ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

A pandemia COVID-19 intensificou a diversidade de tecnologias de aprendizagem na educação superior, de maneira impositiva, desmistificou usos remotos, à fronteira da totalidade do ensino à distância a todos cursos superiores, em atendimento aos protocolos sanitários. Todavia, os eixos de aprendizagem (Ensino-Pesquisa-Extensão), tiveram que se adequar ao emprego das tecnologias educacionais. Sob essa abordagem, emergem questões, buscando examinar impactos que os docentes vivenciaram na pandemia para assegurar continuidade de tais eixos. Os dados contaram com 560, respostas válidas, de docentes da educação superior, distribuídos em todas regiões do Brasil. O estudo de abordagem quantitativa contou com o método da estatística não paramétrica, teste qui-quadrado, teste exato de Fischer e U de Mann Whitney. Resultados demonstraram que a adaptação e adoção de novas estratégias aos eixos de aprendizagem foram superadas pelos docentes sem identificações de impactos notórios que gerassem barreiras ou impeditivos. Entretanto, as relações familiares e sociais, assim como a saúde mental e física dos docentes, despertaram como impactos percebidos. Estudos foram sugeridos empregando expectativas diversas, sob contextos que analisem a exclusão digital e a saúde mental como interseccionalidade e enfoque de discussão em período pandêmico e pós-pandemia em países em desenvolvimento.   The pandemic COVID-19 intensified the diversity of learning technologies in higher education, in an imposing way, demystified remote uses, to the border of the totality of distance learning to all higher education courses, in attendance to sanitary protocols. However, the learning axes (Teaching-Research-Extension) had to adapt to the use of educational technologies. Under this approach, questions emerge, seeking to examine the impacts that the teachers experienced in the pandemic to ensure the continuity of these axes. The data counted on 560 valid answers from teachers of higher education, distributed in all regions of Brazil. The quantitative approach study relied on the non-parametric statistical method, chi-square test, Fischer's exact test, and Mann Whitney's U test. Results showed that the adaptation and adoption of new strategies to the learning axes were overcome by the teachers without the identification of notorious impacts that would generate barriers or impediments. However, family and social relationships, as well as the mental and physical health of the faculty members aroused as perceived impacts. Studies were suggested employing diverse expectations under contexts that analyze digital exclusion and mental health as intersectionality and focus of discussion in pandemic and post-pandemic period in developing countries.

scholarly journals Exclusive breastfeeding practices reported by mothers and the introduction of additional liquids

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Marcuz de Souza Campos ◽  
Camila de Oliveira Chaoul ◽  
Elenice Valentim Carmona ◽  
Rosângela Higa ◽  
Ianê Nogueira do Vale
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Early Introduction ◽  
Beliefs And Values ◽  
Chi Square Test

Aim: To assess the concept of exclusive breastfeeding held by nursing women by comparing the period they consider that they perform it and the infants' age at the introduction of additional liquids. METHOD: Cross-sectional descriptive study conducted with 309 women who delivered babies at a university hospital in the interior of São Paulo, Brazil. The data were subjected to descriptive analysis; the variables of interest were crossed using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test, the chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: Approximately 30% of the women reported having introduced additional liquids before the infants reached aged six months old, while asserting that they were performing exclusive breastfeeding. The following variables were associated with early introduction of liquids: lack of employment (p = 0.0386), younger maternal age (p = 0.0159) and first pregnancy (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION: The concept of exclusive breastfeeding might not be fully clear to women, as they seem to believe that it means not to feed the children other types of milk but that giving other liquids is allowed. These results show that promotion of breastfeeding should take beliefs and values into consideration to achieve effective dialogue and understanding with mothers.

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitudes of Brazilian dentists regarding dental treatment of children

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Marília Leão Goettems ◽  
Marina Sousa Azevedo ◽  
Dayane Rubin ◽  
Núbia Rubin Prietto ◽  
Laís Anschau Pauli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Pediatric Dentists ◽  
Chisquare Test ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Dental Professionals

OBJECTIVE: This survey assessed the attitudes of dentists regarding dental treatment of children, the barriers reported, and knowledge about the recommended age for a child’s first dental visit.METHODS: A self-applied questionnaire was sent to all dentists in Pelotas/Brazil and 187 (67.8%) were returned. The chi-square test was used to analyze categorical or nominal variables; the chisquare test for linear trend was used for the ordinal variables and Fisher’s exact test was used when the cell frequencies were small. The level of significance was set at α=0.05.RESULTS: The majority of the dentists provide dental treatment for children (123; 71.9%). Regarding the barriers to treatment of children, behavior (55.9%) and interest of parents (48.2%) were the most cited. Only 65.9% reported that children should see a dentist no later than 12 months of age. Knowledge about the recommended age was higher among pediatric dentists (p=0.03) and lower among dentists in private practice (p=0.002) and with more years of practice (p=0.02).CONCLUSIONS: Although most of the dentists treat children, barriers have been pointed out. Many of the dentists are not aware of the recommended age for the first dental visit. Given the benefits of early treatment, this attitude should be stimulated among dental professionals.

scholarly journals Awareness and precaution attitude of dentists as regards to risks associated with exposure to COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Merve Benli ◽  
Olivier Huck ◽  
Mutlu Ozcan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Professional Status ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
High Level ◽  
Saliva Contamination

Objective: Dentists need a high level of awareness to limit the spread of COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019). This study aimed to evaluate the level of awareness and attitude regarding the risk associated with dental procedures among dentists. Material and Methods: An online questionnaire was submitted to dentists between April- May 2020. The questionnaire form included questions related to demographic data, the transmission characterization of SARS-CoV-2, and treatment of COVID-19 patients. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS V23 and chi-square test (p 0.05). Results: A total of 3825 participants (29.1 7.6 years) were included. In COVID-19, the riskiest dental branch in terms of the risk of contamination through saliva was considered to be Periodontics (32.2%), while the least risky branch was Orthodontics (0.2%). Specific dental treatment procedures considered at high risk of contamination were tooth preparation (69.4%), scaling and root planing (63.5%), filling (53.4%), and pulpectomy (40.5%). The parameters of the study that differed according to gender and professional status were the viability of the virus, the risk assessment, saliva contamination risk, and aerosol-generating activities for COVID-19 (p 0.05). Conclusion: Dentists were aware of the risk assessment and extra precautionary methods. However, they had limited knowledge about the viability of the virus. Dentists should be aware of recommended approaches and update their knowledge about COVID-19 to limit the spread of the disease. Since dentistry is an area suitable for the transmission of the COVID-19, the fact that dentists have information about the viability of this virus will be lifesaving in clinical applications. Keywords COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Dentistry; Risk; Viability.

scholarly journals A STUDY OF MISINFORMATION EXPOSURE OF COVID-19 VACCINE AND THE WILLINGNESS TO BE VACCINATED IN TANGERANG SELATAN CITY, INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Narila Mutia Nasir ◽  
Raihana Nadra Alkaff ◽  
Dela Aristi ◽  
Jihan Fadilah Faiz
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Convenience Sampling

Abstract   Latar Belakang: Vaksin COVID-19 sangat penting dalam upaya mengurangi penyebaran penularan. Namun, penolakan terhadap vaksin yang terjadi mungkin disebabkan oleh beredarnya misinformasi tentang vaksin COVID-19 melalui media sosial. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji paparan misinformasi vaksin COVID-19 dan faktor-faktor yang terkait serta mengidentifikasi hubungan antara paparan misinformasi vaksin COVID-19 dengan keinginan untuk divaksinasi. Metode: Studi potong lintang dilakukan pada orang berusia 18-34 tahun di Kota Tangerang Selatan. Dengan menggunakan metode convenience sampling, kami merekrut 227 responden yang mengisi kuesioner secara online melalui google form. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square, uji Fisher, dan regresi logistik. Hasil: Responden yang tidak memiliki kuota internet cenderung 2,197 kali untuk terpapar misinformasi. Responden yang temannya tidak peduli jika mereka menyebarkan misinformasi memiliki kemungkinan 2.1 kali lebih besar untuk mendapatkan misinformasi. Responden yang memiliki teman yang menyebarkan misinformasi cenderung 1,9 kali lebih besar untuk terpapar misinformasi. Studi ini tidak menemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara paparan misinformasi COVID-19 dan kesediaan untuk divaksinasi. Kesimpulan: Pengaruh teman sebaya terkait paparan misinformasi vaksin COVID-19 sangat penting. Pengembangan model pendidik sebaya sangat penting untuk mendorong kontribusi kaum muda dalam mengakhiri pandemi.   Kata kunci: Misinformasi, Vaksin COVID-19, kaum muda, Teman Sebaya, Indonesia   Abstrak   Background: COVID-19 vaccine is important to reduce the spread of transmission. However, the objection occurred might be caused by the circulation of misinformation of COVID-19 vaccine through social media. Objective: This study aimed to assess the misinformation exposure of COVID-19 vaccine and its related factors and to identify the association between misinformation exposure of COVID-19 vaccine and the willingness to be vaccinated. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on people age 18-34 years in Tangerang Selatan City. Using convenience sampling, we recruited 227 respondents who filled an online questionnaire through a google form. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test, fisher’s exact test, and logistic regression. Result: Respondents who did not have sufficient internet balance were 2.197 more likely to have misinformation exposure. Respondents whose friends were ignorant if they spread misinformation were 2.1 times more likely to get misinformation. Respondents whose friends disseminated misinformation were 1.9 times more likely to get exposed to misinformation of the COVID-19. This study found no significant relationship between misinformation exposure of COVID-19 vaccine and willingness to be vaccinated. Conclusion: Peer influence regarding exposure to COVID-19 vaccine misinformation is very important. Developing a peer educator model is prominent to encourage the role of young people to end the pandemic.   Keywords: Misinformation, COVID-19 Vaccine, Young People, Peer, Indonesia

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