scholarly journals The Effect of Emulsifiers on the Emulsion Stability and Extraction Efficiency of Cr(VI) Using Emulsion Liquid Membranes (ELMs) Formulated with a Green Solvent

Membranes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katia Anarakdim ◽  
Gemma Gutiérrez ◽  
Ángel Cambiella ◽  
Ounissa Senhadji-Kebiche ◽  
María Matos
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Droplet Size Distribution ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Liquid Membranes ◽  
Green Solvent ◽  
Ion Removal ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membranes ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Polyglycerol Polyricinoleate

The stability of emulsion liquid membranes (ELMs) and their ability to extract Cr(VI) were investigated. The objective of this study is to compare different ELM formulations using combinations of two hydrophilic (Tween 20 and Tween 80) and two lipophilic (polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR) and Span 80) emulsifiers. TOPO (tri-n-octylphosphine oxide) as a carrier and a green solvent (sunflower oil) were used to provide high extraction efficiency of Cr(VI). All these double emulsions were characterized in droplet size distribution, zeta potential, visual inspection with a microscope, and stability. The best formulation was obtained with PGPR as the inner stabilizer and Tween 80 as the outer stabilizer, leading to Cr(VI) ion removal efficiency of up to 96%.

scholarly journals Stability of Mexican Oregano Essential Oil Double Emulsions Obtained by Ultrasound Formulated With Whey Protein Concentrate and Tween 80

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Areli H. Peredo-Luna ◽  
Aurelio Lopez-Malo ◽  
Enrique Palou ◽  
Maria Teresa Jimenez-Munguia
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Droplet Size Distribution ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Whey Protein Concentrate ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Double Emulsions ◽  
Oregano Essential Oil ◽  
The Stability

Water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsions have a great potential use for food applications because they can protect sensitive compounds, such as essential oils. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ultrasonic homogenization parameters: intensity (42 or 54 µm) and time (5 or 7.5 min); and formulation: oil phase proportion (20 or 30%) and emulsifier concentration (0 or 0.3%); on the physical and stability properties of Mexican oregano essential oil (OEO) in double emulsions. The emulsions were made in a two-step process, primary emulsions (W/O) containing OEO in the oil phase and ascorbic acid solution in the water phase, were stabilized with lecithin; while secondary emulsions were stabilized with 6% (w/w) of whey protein concentrate (WPC) and with or without Tween 80 (T80). Creaming, viscosity and droplet size distribution were measured to determine the stability of the W/O/W emulsions; as well as other physical properties like density and pH. The prepared W/O/W emulsions had droplet sizes between 2.89(±0.589) µm and 4.123(±0.964) µm. The most stable emulsions, with no creaming developed after 25 days of storage, were the ones formulated with WPC with T80, and additionally, 30% of the primary emulsion. Besides, higher intensity and longer time of ultrasonic homogenization conditions applied enhances W/O/W stability. Empirical models were developed for viscosity and creaming properties of W/O/W emulsions, with 99.7% of correlation coefficients, finding optimum values for specific homogenization conditions and formulation. Further studies are suggested to evaluate OEO in W/O/W emulsions as controlled release systems in food.

scholarly journals Nanoencapsulation of clove oil and study of physico-chemical properties, cytotoxic, haemolytic and antioxidant activities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pramod G Nagaraju ◽  
Parineeta Sengupta ◽  
C. G. Poornima Priyadarshini ◽  
Pooja J Rao
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Haemolytic Activity ◽  
Clove Oil ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Vitro Release

AbstractThe therapeutic properties of clove oil is known for centuries, however, the pungent nature, chemical instability and low water solubility impose limitations in harnessing its therapeutic potential. Hence, nanoencapsulation of clove oil was performed to overcome the above constraints and control its in-vitro release. The stability of nanoemulsion depends on various factors where the surfactant and its hydrophile/lipofile balance (HLB) play a key role. The non-ionic surfactants Tween 20, 40 and 80 with HLB of 16.7, 15.6 and 15, respectively, were used to study the stability of clove oil nanoemulsion (CON). The creaming index of CON prepared with Tween 20, 40 and 80 was 22.75 and 17.5 and 1.5%, respectively, after 8 days of storage at room temperature. Tween 20 and 40 produced particles > 300 nm while Tween 80 resulted in particles of size ∼150 nm. Transmission electron microscopic image of spray dried CON prepared with Tween 80 showed particle size in the range 150-190 nm after one month of storage at room temperature. The in vitro release studies showed 76% and 42% cumulative release of CON and native clove oil (NC), respectively at pH 7.4. The cellular toxicity of CON was significantly reduced by four fold compared to NC at a concentration of 60 µg/mL when tested on Caco2 cells. Similarly, haemolytic activity on red blood cells revealed less than 10% haemolysis signifying the compatibility of CON for its nutraceutical applications. In addition, CON also exhibited higher in-vitro antioxidant compared to NC as shown by DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity. Collectively, we have developed a unique method for NC nanoencapsulation using cost effective polysaccharide (maltodextrin) and surfactant for stabilizing the nanoemulsion for increased bioactivity.

scholarly journals Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Black Glutinous Rice Anthocyanin during Fermentation by Pediococcus pentosaceus N11.16

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanik Suhartatik ◽  
Akhmad Mustofa ◽  
Ponco Mursito
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Pediococcus Pentosaceus ◽  
Glutinous Rice ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Mrs Medium

Anthocyanin was developed into natural food colorant in microemulsion systems to improve their stability and readiness for food preparation. Anthocyanin has an antioxidant activity. The degradation of anthocyanin into small compound could increase the biological activity. Anthocyanin was extracted from black glutinous rice and prepared using food grade surfactant such as Tween 80, Tween 20, and Span 80. Microemulsion was then added into modified deMann Rogosa Sharp (MRS) medium as much as 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 ppm. Lactic acid bacteria genus Pediococcus pentosaceus N11.16 were grown for 18–24 hours and were used as enzyme producers. This experiment was aimed to determine the stability of anthocyanin in microemulsion systems to enzymatic degradation. The modified MRS medium was added with microemulsion and incubated for 24 h. Phenolic content remained stable during the fermentation process in all treatments, while the highest antioxidant activity was found in the sample with 20 ppm of anthocyanin. Total acid-producing bacteria were also monitored during the incubation and the result showed that there was a decline in their growth. There was a significant change in the antioxidant activity during incubation.

Effects of Tween 20® and Tween 80® on the Stability of Albutropin During Agitation

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 1368-1381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danny K. Chou ◽  
Rajesh Krishnamurthy ◽  
Theodore W. Randolph ◽  
John F. Carpenter ◽  
Mark Cornell Manning
Keyword(s):  
Tween 80 ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
The Stability

Emulsion liquid membranes for cadmium removal: Studies of extraction efficiency

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.L. Ahmad ◽  
Adhi Kusumastuti ◽  
C.J.C. Derek ◽  
B.S. Ooi
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Liquid Membranes ◽  
Cadmium Removal ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membranes ◽  
Removal Studies

Synthesis of Calcium Carbonate Micro Particles using Emulsion Membrane Process Applied for Drug Release Studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 2320-2324
Author(s):  
Mariana Mateescu ◽  
Sanda Maria Doncea ◽  
Irina Chican ◽  
Cristina Lavinia Nistor ◽  
Ioneta Codrina Bujanca
Keyword(s):  
Light Scattering ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Dynamic Light Scattering ◽  
Liquid Membranes ◽  
Membrane Process ◽  
Emulsion Method ◽  
Micro Particles ◽  
Release Studies ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membranes ◽  
Span 80

The aim of this work is the synthesis of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) nano and microparticles and their application as biomaterials (vehicles) for the sustained release of doxycycline. CaCO3 micro particles were synthesized by water-in oil (W/O) emulsion method using emulsion liquid membranes with bis (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (D2EHPA) as carrier, Span 80 as surfactant, and toluene and kerosene as organic solvents. The aqueous phases contained 1 M CaCl2, and 1 M Na2CO3, respectively. The Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) data showed CaCO3 particles with sizes ranging from around 100 nm to 3500 nm. The CaCO3 particles with the average diameters around 600 nm attained an adsorbtion of doxycycline of maximum 97.9%, and a slow and steady release with a cumulative value of approximative 50% after ten days.

scholarly journals Layered Double Hydroxides Precursor as Chloride Inhibitor: Synthesis, Characterization, Assessment of Chloride Adsorption Performance

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Chi ◽  
Zheng Wang ◽  
Youfang Zhou ◽  
Shuang Lu ◽  
Yan Yao
Keyword(s):  
Removal Rate ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Ion Removal ◽  
Hydraulic Concrete ◽  
Adsorption Behaviors ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Inhibition Performance ◽  
Double Hydroxides

In this study, the chloride adsorption behaviors of CaAl-Cl LDH precursors with various Ca:Al ratios were investigated. The optimal chloride ion removal rate was 87.06% due to the formation of hydrocalumite. The chloride adsorption products of CaAl-Cl LDH precursors were further characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis and atomic structure analysis, the adsorption mechanism was considered to be co-precipitate process. The chloride adsorption behaviors of cementitious materials blended with CaAl-Cl LDH precursors were further investigated. Leaching test according to Test Code for Hydraulic Concrete (SL352-2006) was performed to testify the stability of chloride ions in the mortar. The results show that more than 98.3% chloride ions were immobilized in cement mortar blended with CaAl-Cl LDH precursor and cannot be easily released again. The inhibition performance of steel in the electrolytes with/without CaAl LDH precursor was investigated by using electrochemical measurements. The results indicate that CaAl LDH precursor can effectively protect the passive film on steel surface by chloride adsorption. Considering the high anion exchange capacities of the LDHs, synthesized chloride adsorbent precursor can be applied as new inhibitors blended in cementitious materials to prevent the chloride-induced deterioration. Moreover, the application of chloride adsorption on CaAl-Cl LDH could also be of interest for the application of seawater blended concrete.

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