scholarly journals Chitosan/PVA Based Membranes Processed by Gamma Radiation as Scaffolding Materials for Skin Regeneration

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 561
Author(s):  
Maria Helena Casimiro ◽  
Andreia Pereira ◽  
João P. Leal ◽  
Gabriela Rodrigues ◽  
Luís M. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Cellular Growth ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Cytoskeletal Organization ◽  
Tissue Replacement ◽  
Polymeric Biomaterials ◽  
Growth Properties ◽  
In Vitro Stability

Some of the current strategies for the development of scaffolding materials capable of inducing tissue regeneration have been based on the use of polymeric biomaterials. Chitosan, in particular, due to its recognized biological activity has been used in a number of biomedical applications. Aiming the development of chitosan-based membranes with improved cell adhesion and growth properties to be used as skin scaffolds allowing functional tissue replacement, different formulations with chitosan of different molecular weight, poly (vinyl alcohol) and gelatin, were evaluated. To meet the goal of getting ready-to-use scaffolds assuring membranes’ required properties and sterilization, preparation methodology included a lyophilization procedure followed by a final gamma irradiation step. Two radiation dose values were tested. Samples were characterized by TGA, FTIR, and SEM techniques. Their hydrophilic properties, in vitro stability, and biocompatibility were also evaluated. Results show that all membranes present a sponge-type inner structure. Chitosan of low molecular weight and the introduction of gelatin are more favorable to cellular growth leading to an improvement on cells’ morphology and cytoskeletal organization, giving a good perspective to the use of these membranes as potential skin scaffolds.

Conjugates of Classical DNA/RNA Binder with Nucleobase: Chemical, Biochemical and Biomedical Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (30) ◽  
pp. 5609-5624
Author(s):  
Dijana Saftić ◽  
Željka Ban ◽  
Josipa Matić ◽  
Lidija-Marija Tumirv ◽  
Ivo Piantanida
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Protein Targets ◽  
New Class ◽  
Rna Targets ◽  
Covalently Linked ◽  
Structural Aspects

: Among the most intensively studied classes of small molecules (molecular weight < 650) in biomedical research are small molecules that non-covalently bind to DNA/RNA, and another intensively studied class is nucleobase derivatives. Both classes have been intensively elaborated in many books and reviews. However, conjugates consisting of DNA/RNA binder covalently linked to nucleobase are much less studied and have not been reviewed in the last two decades. Therefore, this review summarized reports on the design of classical DNA/RNA binder – nucleobase conjugates, as well as data about their interactions with various DNA or RNA targets, and even in some cases protein targets are involved. According to these data, the most important structural aspects of selective or even specific recognition between small molecule and target are proposed, and where possible related biochemical and biomedical aspects were discussed. The general conclusion is that this, rather new class of molecules showed an amazing set of recognition tools for numerous DNA or RNA targets in the last two decades, as well as few intriguing in vitro and in vivo selectivities. Several lead research lines show promising advancements toward either novel, highly selective markers or bioactive, potentially druggable molecules.

scholarly journals Physicochemical properties and in vitro stability studies of green synthesized gold nanoparticles using pelargonium sidoides

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
U.M. Badeggi ◽  
B.A. Lawal ◽  
A.O. Akinfenwa ◽  
Y.O. Ayipo ◽  
Y. Azeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Capping Agent ◽  
Stability Studies ◽  
Hybrid Particles ◽  
Pelargonium Sidoides ◽  
In Vitro Stability ◽  
532 Nm

In the present study, Pelargonium sidoides (PS) extract was used in the green synthesis of AuNPs that was characterized by UV-Vis, TEM, SAED, EDS, XRD, FTIR, and DLS. UV-Vis showed a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) at λmax of 532 nm while TEM shows that the particles are predominantly spherical and monodispersed. DLS measurement indicated the particle size and the zeta potential to be 27.20 nm and -24.0 mV respectively. The in vitro stability of the hybrid particles in different solutions and buffers (pH 7 and 9) confirmed that the particles are stable over a given period. The method employed is simple, environmentally friendly, and inexpensive. Our studies suggest that the Pelargonium sidoides-gold nanoparticles (PS-AuNPs) may be safely used in biomedical applications such as drug delivery. Keywords: Pelargonium sidoides; biosynthesis; biomedicals; capping agent; zeta potential

scholarly journals Porous Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene/Functionalized Activated Nanocarbon Composites with Improved Biocompatibility

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 6065
Author(s):  
Wangxi Fan ◽  
Xiuqin Fu ◽  
Zefang Li ◽  
Junfei Ou ◽  
Zhou Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene ◽  
In Vitro Experiments ◽  
Ultrahigh Molecular Weight ◽  
Uhmwpe Composite

Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) materials have been prevalent joint replacement materials for more than 45 years because of their excellent biocompatibility and wear resistance. In this study, functionalized activated nanocarbon (FANC) was prepared by grafting maleic anhydride polyethylene onto acid-treated activated nanocarbon. A novel porous UHMWPE composite was prepared by incorporating the appropriate amount of FANC and pore-forming agents during the hot-pressing process for medical UHMWPE powder. The experimental results showed that the best prepared porous UHMWPE/FANC exhibited appropriate tensile strength, porosity, and excellent hydrophilicity, with a contact angle of 65.9°. In vitro experiments showed that the porous UHMWPE/FANC had excellent biocompatibility, which is due to its porous structure and hydrophilicity caused by FANC. This study demonstrates the potential viability for our porous UHMWPE/FANC to be used as cartilage replacement material for biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Gamma-Irradiation-Prepared Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid Promotes Skin Wound Healing

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huang ◽  
Huang ◽  
Lew ◽  
Fan ◽  
Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
Cellular Growth ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Γ Irradiation ◽  
Skin Wound Healing

In this study, we prepared low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (LMWHA) powder by γ-irradiation. The chemical and physical properties of γ-irradiated LMWHA and the in vitro cellular growth experiments with γ-irradiated LMWHA were analyzed. Then, hyaluronic acid exposed to 20 kGy of γ-irradiation was used to fabricate a carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/LMWHA fabric for wound dressing. Our results showed that γ-irradiated LMWHA demonstrated a significant alteration in carbon–oxygen double bonding and can be detected using nuclear magnetic resonance and ultraviolet (UV)-visible (Vis) spectra. The γ-irradiated LMWHA exhibited strain rate-dependent Newton/non-Newton fluid biphasic viscosity. The viability of L929 skin fibroblasts improved upon co-culture with γ-irradiated LMWHA. In the in vivo animal experiments, skin wounds covered with dressings prepared by γ-irradiation revealed acceleration of wound healing after two days of healing. The results suggest that γ-irradiated LMWHA could be a potential source for the promotion of skin wound healing.

scholarly journals Low Molecular Weight and Polymeric Modifiers as Toughening Agents in Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate) Films

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2446
Author(s):  
Adriana Nicoleta Frone ◽  
Cristian Andi Nicolae ◽  
Mihaela Carmen Eremia ◽  
Vlad Tofan ◽  
Marius Ghiurea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
In Vitro Biocompatibility ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Lower Temperature

The inherent brittleness of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) prevents its use as a substitute of petroleum-based polymers. Low molecular weight plasticizers, such as tributyl 2-acetyl citrate (TAC), cannot properly solve this issue. Herein, PHB films were obtained using a biosynthesized poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate) (PHO) and a commercially available TAC as toughening agents. The use of TAC strongly decreased the PHB thermal stability up to 200 °C due to the loss of low boiling point plasticizer, while minor weight loss was noticed at this temperature for the PHB-PHO blend. Both agents shifted the glass transition temperature of PHB to a lower temperature, the effect being more pronounced for TAC. The elongation at break of PHB increased by 700% after PHO addition and by only 185% in the case of TAC; this demonstrates an important toughening effect of the polymeric modifier. Migration of TAC to the upper surface of the films and no sign of migration in the case of PHO were highlighted by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) results. In vitro biocompatibility tests showed that all the PHB films are non-toxic towards L929 cells and have no proinflammatory immune response. The use of PHO as a toughening agent in PHB represents an attractive solution to its brittleness in the case of packaging and biomedical applications while conserving its biodegradability and biocompatibility.

Characterisation and in vitro stability of low-dose, lidocaine-loaded poly(vinyl alcohol)-tetrahydroxyborate hydrogels

2016 ◽  
Vol 500 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 326-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.H. Abdelkader ◽  
M.A. Osman ◽  
S.A. El-Gizawy ◽  
A.M. Faheem ◽  
P.A. McCarron
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
In Vitro Stability

scholarly journals Novel Porous Forsterite Ceramics Biocompatibility and Bioactivity Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-351
Author(s):  
Maria Gorea ◽  
Marieta-Adriana Naghiu ◽  
Alexandra Avram ◽  
Ioan Petean ◽  
Aurora Mocanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Bone Substitutes ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Cell Viability Assay ◽  
Viability Assay ◽  
A Cell ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Binding Component

This study is aimed to evaluate the biocompatibility and bioactivity of some new porous forsterite ceramics (FCs) produced from high-purity nano forsterite powder, synthesized by an original sol-gel method, which was subjected to pressing into pellets, by using a poly vinyl alcohol solution as a binding component. Then, the raw pellets were sintered at 1200 �C, 1300 �C, 1400 �C and 1450 �C. The obtained four forsterite ceramics, FC-1200, FC-1300, FC-1400 and FC-1450, were fully characterized by density, porosity and shrinkage measurements. The forsterite ceramics exhibited excellent biocompatibility determined by an in vitro cell viability assay, such as MTT test. Furthermore, the in vitro bioactivity test was performed by immersing the forsterite ceramics into simulated body fluid (SBF) and examining the hydroxyapatite (HAP) formation on forsterite ceramics, as evidenced by XRD, FTIR, SEM with EDX. Moreover, the relationship between porous structure and bioactivity of forsterite ceramics in SBF as well as the performance of FC in a cell culture was evaluated. The findings strongly recommend these forsterite ceramics for biomedical applications, as potential bone substitutes.

scholarly journals Retrovirally transduced antisense sequences stably suppress P210BCR-ABL expression and inhibit the proliferation of BCR/ABL-containing cell lines

Blood ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 502-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Martiat ◽  
P Lewalle ◽  
AS Taj ◽  
M Philippe ◽  
Y Larondelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Philadelphia Chromosome ◽  
K562 Cells ◽  
Cellular Growth ◽  
Growth Properties ◽  
Bone Marrow Cultures ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Oncogenic Protein ◽  
B10 Cells

Abstract There is now strong evidence that the BCR-ABL gene product of the Philadelphia chromosome (P210) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). We have previously shown that introduction of antisense oligonucleotides into K562 cells could transiently block the expression of P210 and specifically inhibit cellular growth in culture. In this report, we describe the use of a retroviral vector to introduce selected antisense and sense sequences, first into murine B10 cells, previously rendered interleukin-3 (IL-3) independent by transfection of BCR-ABL sequences, and second into K562 cells. The antisense transcripts generated under the control of MoMLV promoter specifically killed B10 cells in the absence of IL-3 and inhibited P210 expression almost completely. In K562 cells, the antisense sequences led to a dramatic reduction of P210 expression and increased their doubling time by more than twofold. This effect was not reversed by the addition of exogenous IL-3 to the culture medium. Control HeLa or HL60 cells infected with the same constructs did not show any change in proliferation rate, despite abrogation of the normal BCR gene products. Rather unexpectedly, P210 suppression was not lethal in K562 cells, showing that such a cell line does not rely entirely on the expression of P210 for surviving, but depends on it as far as growth properties are concerned. We conclude that this approach can successfully achieve stable suppression of the oncogenic protein P210 and may be used to study further the mechanisms by which P210 is transforming cells. The effect on fresh CML cells in bone marrow cultures remains to be assessed before we can tell whether this technique may be used for selective suppression of leukemic hematopoiesis in vitro.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Films Based on Nanocomposites of Chitosan/Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Graphene Oxide for Biomedical Applications

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastián Ruiz ◽  
Julián Andrés Tamayo ◽  
Johannes Delgado Ospina ◽  
Diana Paola Navia Porras ◽  
Mayra Eliana Valencia Zapata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar

Today, tissue regeneration is one of the greatest challenges in the field of medicine, since it represents hope after accidents or illnesses. Tissue engineering is the science based on improving or restoring tissues and organs. In this work, five formulations of chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene oxide (CS/PVA/GO) nanocomposites were studied for the development of biodegradable films with potential biomedical applications. The characterization of the films consisted of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The antibacterial activity was evaluated in vitro against Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli, by contact of the film above inoculum bacterial in Müeller–Hinton agar. On the other hand, in vivo tests in which the material implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of Wistar rats demonstrated that the formulation CS/PVA/GO (14.25:85:0.75) was the best antibacterial film with adequate degradation in vivo. All together, these results indicate the potential of the films using nanocomposites of CS/PVA/GO in tissue engineering and cell regeneration.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document