scholarly journals Copper and Zinc Recovery from Sulfide Concentrate by Novel Artificial Microbial Community

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Xinglan Cui ◽  
Xuetao Yuan ◽  
Hongxia Li ◽  
Xiaokui Che ◽  
Juan Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Large Field ◽  
Zinc Recovery ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
New Type ◽  
Sulfide Concentrate ◽  
Cu And Zn

Exploring efficient methods to enhance leaching efficiency is critical for bioleaching technology to deal with sulfide concentrate. In our study, a novel artificial microbial community was established to augment the bioleaching efficiency and recovery of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn). The optimum parameters in bioleaching experiments were explored according to compare a series of conditions from gradient experiments: the pH value was 1.2, temperature was 45 °C, and rotation speed was 160 r/min, which were different with pure microorganism growth conditions. Under optimal conditions, the result of recovery for Cu and Zn indicated that the average leaching rate reached to 80% and 100% respectively, which almost increased 1.8 times and 1.2 times more than control (aseptic condition) group. Therefore, this method of Cu and Zn recovery using a new-type artificial microbial community is expected to be an environmentally-friendly and efficient bioleaching technology solution, which has the potential of large-field engineering application in the future.

scholarly journals Distinct Roles of Acidophiles in Complete Oxidation of High-Sulfur Ferric Leach Product of Zinc Sulfide Concentrate

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxim Muravyov ◽  
Anna Panyushkina
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Zinc Sulfide ◽  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Sulfur Oxidation ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Sulfide Concentrates ◽  
Sulfide Concentrate ◽  
Elemental Sulfur Oxidation ◽  
Ferric Leaching

A two-step process, which involved ferric leaching with biologically generated solution and subsequent biooxidation with the microbial community, has been previously proposed for the processing of low-grade zinc sulfide concentrates. In this study, we carried out the process of complete biological oxidation of the product of ferric leaching of the zinc concentrate, which contained 9% of sphalerite, 5% of chalcopyrite, and 29.7% of elemental sulfur. After 21 days of biooxidation at 40 °C, sphalerite and chalcopyrite oxidation reached 99 and 69%, respectively, while the level of elemental sulfur oxidation was 97%. The biooxidation residue could be considered a waste product that is inert under aerobic conditions. The results of this study showed that zinc sulfide concentrate processing using a two-step treatment is efficient and promising. The microbial community, which developed during biooxidation, was dominated by Acidithiobacillus caldus, Leptospirillum ferriphilum, Ferroplasma acidiphilum, Sulfobacillus thermotolerans, S. thermosulfidooxidans, and Cuniculiplasma sp. At the same time, F. acidiphilum and A. caldus played crucial roles in the oxidation of sulfide minerals and elemental sulfur, respectively. The addition of L. ferriphilum to A. caldus during biooxidation of the ferric leach product proved to inhibit elemental sulfur oxidation.

scholarly journals Effects of temperature on interfacial evolution and mechanical properties of pure titanium and carbon steel sheets bonded via new multi-pass continuous hot-roll diffusion with nickel interlayer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Ming Jimmy Lin ◽  
Mohsen Saboktakin Rizi ◽  
Chia-Kai Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Peel Strength ◽  
Processing Temperature ◽  
Diffusion Treatment ◽  
Steel Sheets ◽  
New Type ◽  
Interfacial Evolution

Abstract This study performed experiments and thermodynamic calculations to elucidate the effects of diffusion temperature on interfacial evolution and mechanical properties of pure titanium and carbon steel (i.e., steel) sheets bonded via a new type of multi-pass continuous hot-roll diffusion with nickel interlayer. The interfacial evolution results revealed that this new type of multi-pass continuous hot-roll diffusion treatment showed a very good adherence due to its metallurgy bonding, because it made a remarked improve to between compound and intermetallic compounds relationship. Secondly, in mechanical properties results revealed that the highest shear strength (∼470 MPa) was obtained at a processing temperature of 850°C. The highest peel strength (∼21 N/mm) was obtained in the sample processed at 900°C. Bonding temperatures above and below these levels reduced the bond strength respectively due to poor atom diffusion and excessive compound formation, resulting in joint failure at the Ti-Ni interface. Extensive cleavage planes with various alignments were observed on the fracture surfaces in these cases. Overall, a hot-rolling temperature of 850°C was found to provide the optimal tradeoff between interfacial bonding strength and ductility. This work provided an economical and convenient solution for broadening the engineering application of interface between sheets of pure titanium and steel.

scholarly journals Damage Characteristics Analysis of the Truncated Cone-Shaped PELE Projectile

Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1025
Author(s):  
Liangliang Ding ◽  
Jingyuan Zhou ◽  
Wenhui Tang ◽  
Xianwen Ran
Keyword(s):  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Damage Effect ◽  
Structural Shape ◽  
Damage Characteristics ◽  
Truncated Cone ◽  
Characteristics Analysis ◽  
Penetration Ability ◽  
New Type ◽  
After Effect

The PELE (penetrator with enhanced lateral efficiency) projectile is a new type of penetrator, which has both penetration and fragmentation effects. The damage characteristics of the PELE projectile have never been studied from the perspective of changing the shape of the projectile structure until now. This paper hopes to improve the damage power by changing the structural shape of PELE projectile, and the concept of a truncated cone-shaped PELE projectile is first put forward. In order to compare and analyze the damage power of the truncated cone-shaped PELE projectile and the conventional PELE projectile, six sets of simulation conditions were designed, and the penetration ability and fragmentation effect were used as the main evaluation indicators. According to the known structural parameters of the PELE projectile, the range of angle α of the truncated cone-shaped PELE projectile was determined to be 86.2°–90°. In addition, there is little difference in penetration ability between the two different types of PELE projectile; the damage effect of the truncated cone-shaped PELE projectile on the after-effect target is better than that of the conventional PELE projectile. It is hoped that through further structural optimization, the truncated cone-shaped PELE projectile will have more extensive engineering application value.

scholarly journals Influence of Environmental Growth Factors on the Biomass and Pigment Production of Chlorociboria aeruginascens

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Stange ◽  
Susanne Steudler ◽  
Hubertus Delenk ◽  
Anett Werner ◽  
Thomas Walther ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Organic Semiconductors ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Pigment Production ◽  
Biomass Growth ◽  
Oxygen Level ◽  
Green Pigment

The soft rot fungus Chlorociboria aeruginascens produces a blue–green pigment xylindein, which is of considerable interest for various applications such as in the veneer industry or in organic semiconductors. To understand the fungal growth as well as pigment production of C. aeruginascens, several studies were performed, the results of which are presented here. These studies investigated various growth conditions such as temperature, pH value, oxygen level and light intensity. It was observed that the formation of xylindein by C. aeruginascens decoupled from growth. In the primary metabolismus, the uncolored biomass is formed. Pigment production took place within the secondary metabolism, while biomass growth as well as pigment production depended on various growth conditions. It was also found that certain conditions encourage the switch in metabolism, leading to pigment production.

Research on Man-Machine Function Allocation of Tank Fire Control System

2012 ◽  
Vol 580 ◽  
pp. 160-164
Author(s):  
Tian Qing Chang ◽  
Dong Chen ◽  
Jun Wei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
System Design ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Control System Design ◽  
Fire Control ◽  
Working Mechanism ◽  
Level Of Automation ◽  
Function Allocation ◽  
New Type

Man-machine function allocation is an important step in new type tank fire control system design. Aiming at the problem of engineering application abilities deficiency in current method, a flow of function allocation is proposed. System working mechanism, functions and tasks are analyzed to define the level of automation and guide preliminary design. AHP is adopted to seek out the optimal plan. The method can offer new theory reference for intelligent tank fire control system design.

KENAF AS MATERIAL FOR LABORATORY TABLETOP

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuraidah Salleh ◽  
Syarifah Yunus ◽  
Mohamad Nor Berhan ◽  
Koay Mei Hyie ◽  
Anizah Kalam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Flexural Test ◽  
Kenaf Fiber ◽  
New Type ◽  
Weight Impact ◽  
Main Material

Nowadays, kenaf are gaining attention in the development and is used in many types of engineering application. This new type of composite also contribute towards the green technology making it favorable in various applications. This research is focused on making a laboratory tabletop by utilizing the unidirectional oriented kenaf fiber as the main material which is layered with woven fiberglass. The project methodology is divided into three sections; preparing the specimen, conducting the experiment and testing as well as data analysis. The mould that contains a layer of woven fiberglass and kenaf fiber were poured from a mixture of polyester resin and polyester hardener. The specimen was then compressed and left to dry  completely before further testing. Tensile test was carried out by following the ASTM D3039, ASTM D7264 standard for flexural test and ASTM D7136 for drop weight impact test. The results data obtained was found to be suitable for lightweight use only.

Coating Postponed-Set Mortar with a Single-Screw Extruder

2012 ◽  
Vol 530 ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Jian Hui Zhang ◽  
Xing Xing ◽  
Hua Feng Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Single Screw ◽  
Single Screw Extruder ◽  
New Type

Postponed-set mortar (PSM) is a new type material applied in prestressed concrete components. Successive coating a lay of PSM on prestressed strand is a key to engineering application. On the basis of experimental investigation, the model of PSM screw conveying is built by using the theories of rheology, and the flow for PSM in a single-screw coating machine is studied. The experimental results suggest that the Bingham plastic’s PSM can be conveyed by screw and coated on prestressed strand. It is achieved that PSM and polyethylene sheath is automatically and successively coated on prestressed strand only once by using the machine.

scholarly journals Characterization of an Exceedingly Active NADH Oxidase from the Anaerobic Hyperthermophilic Bacterium Thermotoga maritima

2007 ◽  
Vol 189 (8) ◽  
pp. 3312-3317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianqin Yang ◽  
Kesen Ma
Keyword(s):  
Nadh Oxidase ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Thermotoga Maritima ◽  
Cell Extract ◽  
Hyperthermophilic Bacterium ◽  
Its Gene ◽  
Molecular Masses ◽  
New Type

ABSTRACT An NADH oxidase from the anaerobic hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritima was purified. The enzyme was very active in catalyzing the reduction of oxygen to hydrogen peroxide with an optimal pH value of 7 at 80°C. The Vmax was 230 ± 14 μmol/min/mg (k cat/Km = 548,000 min−1 mM−1), and the Km values for NADH and oxygen were 42 ± 3 and 43 ± 4 μM, respectively. The NADH oxidase was a heterodimeric flavoprotein with two subunits with molecular masses of 54 kDa and 46 kDa. Its gene sequences were identified, and the enzyme might represent a new type of NADH oxidase in anaerobes. An NADH-dependent peroxidase with a specific activity of 0.1 U/mg was also present in the cell extract of T. maritima.

High-Resolution X-Ray Microstructural Study of Single Crystals of YBa2Cu3O7-y

1987 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoydoo You ◽  
J. D. Axe ◽  
X. B. Kan ◽  
S. C. Moss ◽  
J. Z. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Diffraction Study ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Synchrotron Source ◽  
Microstructural Study ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Oxygen Ordering ◽  
New Type

ABSTRACTSingle crystals of YBa2Cu3O7-y were studied by transmission Laue photography and monochromatic diffraction techniques, using the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source and a rotating anode x-ray source. A new type of twinning, with two orthorhombic domains rotated exactly 90 degree about the c axis, was observed in one sample and the conventional (110) type twinning in another sample with nominally identical growth conditions. A high resolution diffraction study of the sample with the conventional (110) twinning shows that measured orthorhombicity (proportional to oxygen ordering parameter) varies from one domain to another.

scholarly journals The metabolic core of the prokaryotic community from deep-sea sediments of the southern Gulf of Mexico shows different functional signatures between the continental slope and abyssal plain

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12474
Author(s):  
Mónica Torres-Beltrán ◽  
Lluvia Vargas-Gastélum ◽  
Dante Magdaleno-Moncayo ◽  
Meritxell Riquelme ◽  
Juan Carlos Herguera-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Continental Slope ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle ◽  
Sulfur Metabolism ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Environmental Stressors ◽  
Abyssal Plain ◽  
Conservation Strategies

Marine sediments harbor an outstanding level of microbial diversity supporting diverse metabolic activities. Sediments in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) are subjected to anthropic stressors including oil pollution with potential effects on microbial community structure and function that impact biogeochemical cycling. We used metagenomic analyses to provide significant insight into the potential metabolic capacity of the microbial community in Southern GoM deep sediments. We identified genes for hydrocarbon, nitrogen and sulfur metabolism mostly affiliated with Alpha and Betaproteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi and Firmicutes, in relation to the use of alternative carbon and energy sources to thrive under limiting growth conditions, and metabolic strategies to cope with environmental stressors. In addition, results show amino acids metabolism could be associated with sulfur metabolism carried out by Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi and Firmicutes, and may play a crucial role as a central carbon source to favor bacterial growth. We identified the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) and aspartate, glutamate, glyoxylate and leucine degradation pathways, as part of the core carbon metabolism across samples. Further, microbial communities from the continental slope and abyssal plain show differential metabolic capacities to cope with environmental stressors such as oxidative stress and carbon limiting growth conditions, respectively. This research combined taxonomic and functional information of the microbial community from Southern GoM sediments to provide fundamental knowledge that links the prokaryotic structure to its potential function and which can be used as a baseline for future studies to model microbial community responses to environmental perturbations, as well as to develop more accurate mitigation and conservation strategies.

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