scholarly journals Piezoelectric MEMS Resonators for Cigarette Particle Detection

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Toledo ◽  
Víctor Ruiz-Díez ◽  
Maik Bertke ◽  
Hutomo Suryo Wasisto ◽  
Erwin Peiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Piezoelectric Resonator ◽  
Particle Detection ◽  
Interface Circuit ◽  
Mems Resonators ◽  
Loading Effects ◽  
Working Principle

In this work, we demonstrate the potential of a piezoelectric resonator for developing a low-cost sensor system to detect microscopic particles in real-time, which can be present in a wide variety of environments and workplaces. The sensor working principle is based on the resonance frequency shift caused by particles collected on the resonator surface. To test the sensor sensitivity obtained from mass-loading effects, an Aluminum Nitride-based piezoelectric resonator was exposed to cigarette particles in a sealed chamber. In order to determine the resonance parameters of interest, an interface circuit was implemented and included within both open-loop and closed-loop schemes for comparison. The system was capable of tracking the resonance frequency with a mass sensitivity of 8.8 Hz/ng. Although the tests shown here were proven by collecting particles from a cigarette, the results obtained in this application may have interest and can be extended towards other applications, such as monitoring of nanoparticles in a workplace environment.

DC/AC Converter Based on Buck Regulator

2013 ◽  
Vol 392 ◽  
pp. 435-438
Author(s):  
Rong Chen ◽  
Jia Sheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Closed Loop ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Control Effect ◽  
Integral Control ◽  
Line Frequency ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Proportional Integral Control ◽  
Differential Control

The introduction of DC/AC converter based on buck regulator is firstly shown, and the analysis of the converters working principle is taken. The control method applied for DC/AC converter based on buck regulator is studied also. The control effect of the open-loop proportional-differential control and closed-loop proportional-integral control are compared by using PSIM software. The parameters adopted in the realistic simulation, waveforms such as voltage of modulation reference and load were given. The simulation results proved that adopting the DC/AC converter could achieve a good performance and can gain a line frequency as 50Hz and the correctness of theoretical analysis.

Novel High Precision Digital Curvilinear Displacement Sensor

2010 ◽  
Vol 44-47 ◽  
pp. 326-329
Author(s):  
Liang Hua ◽  
Ju Ping Gu ◽  
Yu Jian Qiang ◽  
Lin Lin Lv
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
General Application ◽  
Interface Circuit ◽  
Displacement Sensors ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Displacement Based

This study put forward a novel high precision digital curvilinear displacement sensor.The high frequency pulses were used to represent the magnitude of curvilinear displacement based on geometry analyse. The mechanical structure design of the sensor was completed. The working principle of curvilinear displacement sensor was analyzed in detail. The hardware and software design of the interface circuit of the sensor was completed and the performance of the sensor was analyzed. Compared with the traditional curvilinear displacement sensors, the sensor proposed in this paper has features of high precision, efficiency, explicit structure, low cost, wide measuring range, no need to adjust zero and it has general application value in industry field.

New Electromagnetic Design of Miniature AF VCM Actuator with Low Cost

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.-S. Liu ◽  
L. Kuo ◽  
B.-J. Tsai
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Cell Phones ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Voice Coil Motor ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Closed Loop Control ◽  
Electromagnetic Design ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Auto Focusing

AbstractRecently, compact and high-resolution camera modules with auto-focusing (AF) function have been integrated into cell phones in order to capture sharp photographs. Consumer demands AF camera modules in cell phones to have high performance with low cost. Accordingly, the present study proposes a new electromagnetic design of miniature AF voice coil motor (VCM) actuator with closed-loop control for cell phone camera modules to satisfy the requirements. The structure of the proposed AF VCM actuators was designed by using simulation methods. The performance of the proposed AF VCM actuators was demonstrated by a laboratory-built prototype. The experimental results have shown that the proposed AF VCM actuator has excellent performance with lower power consumption, higher positioning repeatability, and lower cost, when compared to previous AF VCM actuators with open-loop control or closed-loop control.

SPWM Inverter Closed-Loop PID Control System

2011 ◽  
Vol 219-220 ◽  
pp. 1367-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Chen
Keyword(s):  
Pid Control ◽  
Pid Controller ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Digital Simulation ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Current Loop ◽  
Closed Loop System ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Power Electronic Technology

Along with the development of power electronic technology, various inverters are widely used in all sectors. the advanced modern control theory and methods have been applied in the inverter, which made the stability and reliability for the inverter have improved greatly. In this paper analyses the working principle for SPWM inverter that used voltage and current cut-loop PID control strategy, in the voltage loop and current loop make use of its transfer function to both no-load and full load conditions for digital simulation, and get different Bode diagrams, meanwhile also analyses the different simulation results for system that without add PID controller and join PID controller, with the analyze results can determine the open-loop frequency characteristics of various parameters for the closed- loop system, and to ensure the output inverter to achieve the intended targets.

scholarly journals EyeLoop: An Open-Source System for High-Speed, Closed-Loop Eye-Tracking

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Arvin ◽  
Rune Nguyen Rasmussen ◽  
Keisuke Yonehara
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Open Source ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Eye Tracker ◽  
High Resource ◽  
Real Time Analysis ◽  
Loop Design

Eye-trackers are widely used to study nervous system dynamics and neuropathology. Despite this broad utility, eye-tracking remains expensive, hardware-intensive, and proprietary, limiting its use to high-resource facilities. It also does not easily allow for real-time analysis and closed-loop design to link eye movements to neural activity. To address these issues, we developed an open-source eye-tracker – EyeLoop – that uses a highly efficient vectorized pupil detection method to provide uninterrupted tracking and fast online analysis with high accuracy on par with popular eye tracking modules, such as DeepLabCut. This Python-based software easily integrates custom functions using code modules, tracks a multitude of eyes, including in rodents, humans, and non-human primates, and operates at more than 1,000 frames per second on consumer-grade hardware. In this paper, we demonstrate EyeLoop’s utility in an open-loop experiment and in biomedical disease identification, two common applications of eye-tracking. With a remarkably low cost and minimum setup steps, EyeLoop makes high-speed eye-tracking widely accessible.

Study on Driving Technology of Piezoelectric Solid-State Micro Gyroscope

2013 ◽  
Vol 278-280 ◽  
pp. 817-820
Author(s):  
Yong Song He ◽  
Xiao Sheng Wu ◽  
Fu Zheng ◽  
Wen Yuan Chen ◽  
Wei Ping Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Phase Lock Loop ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Reference Voltage ◽  
Driving Voltage ◽  
Noise Compensation ◽  
Piezoelectric Solid ◽  
Driving Circuit

In order to compensate the noise brought by piezoelectric gyroscope or external environment and track the resonance frequency, Closed Loop Driving Circuit (CLDC) of piezoelectric solid-state micro gyroscope is proposted in the paper which will stabilize the driving voltage value and keep the resonance frequency tracked. CLDC mainly contains Phase Lock Loop (PLL) circuit, Automatic Gain Circuit (AGC). Experimental results show that the fluctuation of reference voltage is within ±7mv, while the fluctuation of reference voltage in Open Loop Driving Circuit (OLDC) without noise compensation is ±23mv. The frequency of CLDC drifts within 0.03 kHz with the resonance frequency of 357.9 kHz while the OLDC can’t track any drifting.

scholarly journals Design and Characterization of a Planar Motor Drive Platform Based on Piezoelectric Hemispherical Shell Resonators

Actuators ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Frank Schiele ◽  
Bernd Gundelsweiler
Keyword(s):  
Open Loop ◽  
Excitation Voltage ◽  
Piezoelectric Resonator ◽  
Measured Velocity ◽  
Driving Mode ◽  
Hemispherical Shell ◽  
Propulsion Force ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Oscillating Mode

In this study, a planar ultrasonic motor platform is presented that uses three half-side excited piezoelectric hemispherical shell resonators. To understand the working principle and the harmonic vibration behavior of the piezoelectric resonator, the trajectory of the friction contact was measured in free-oscillating mode at varying excitation frequencies and voltages. The driving performance of the platform was characterized with transport loads up to 5 kg that also serve as an influencing downforce for the friction motor. The working range for various transport loads and electrical voltages up to 30 V is presented. Undesirable noise and parasitic oscillations occur above the detected excitation voltage ranges, depending on the downforce. Therefore, minimum and maximum values of the excitation voltage are reported, in which the propulsion force and the speed of the planar motor can be adjusted, and noiseless motion applies. The multidimensional driving capacity of the platform is demonstrated in two orthogonal axes and one rotary axis in open-loop driving mode, by measuring forces and velocities to confirm its suitability as a planar motor concept. The maximum measured propulsion force of the motor was 7 N with a transport load of 5 kg, and its maximum measured velocity was 77 mm/s with a transport load of 3 kg.

Development of Novel High Precision Angular Displacement Sensor

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 4332-4336
Author(s):  
Liang Hua ◽  
Hao Feng ◽  
Ju Ping Gu
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Software Design ◽  
Angular Displacement ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
General Application ◽  
Interface Circuit ◽  
Displacement Sensors ◽  
Working Principle

This study put forward a novel high precision digital angular displacement sensor. The mechanical structure design of the sensor was completed. The working principle of angular displacement sensor was analyzed in detail. The hardware and software design of the interface circuit of the sensor was completed and the performance of the sensor was analyzed. Compared with the traditional angular displacement sensors, the angular displacement sensor proposed in this paper has features of high precision, efficiency, explicit structure, better maintainability, low cost, wide measuring range, direction-judgement, no need to adjust zero and it has general application value in industry field.

Towards the Design of a Fully Actuated Invertible Flying Quadrotor MAV

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Gelardos ◽  
David J. Cappelleri
Keyword(s):  
Closed Loop ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Transmission Mechanism ◽  
Micro Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Minimal Weight ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Aerial Vehicle

In this paper, we present the transmission mechanism design for a fully actuated Invertible Flying Quadrotor (IFQ) micro aerial vehicle (MAV). At the heart of the mechanism is a gearbox which couples and counter rotates two pairs of shafts that have the quadrotor propellers mounted at their ends. This mechanism will allow for the IFQ to follow aggressive maneuvers, hover at an arbitrary attitude, and have sustained inverted flight capabilities. The paper presents the mechanical design challenges and solutions in designing such a transmission mechanism with minimal weight along with low cost and easy manufacturing. The dynamic model for the IFQ MAV is presented along with an optimal open loop trajectory control scheme and related simulations. An approach for a full closed loop control scheme is also discussed. A prototype of the mechanism has been manufactured and functionally tested. The entire transmission mechanism was able to be prototyped with a weight of only approximately 100 grams.

On closed-loop equilibrium strategies for mean-field stochastic linear quadratic problems

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Tianxiao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Optimal Control Problems ◽  
Mean Field ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Time Inconsistency ◽  
Control Problems ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Linear Quadratic Optimal Control ◽  
Equilibrium Strategies

This article is concerned with linear quadratic optimal control problems of mean-field stochastic differential equations (MF-SDE) with deterministic coefficients. To treat the time inconsistency of the optimal control problems, linear closed-loop equilibrium strategies are introduced and characterized by variational approach. Our developed methodology drops the delicate convergence procedures in Yong [Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 369 (2017) 5467–5523]. When the MF-SDE reduces to SDE, our Riccati system coincides with the analogue in Yong [Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 369 (2017) 5467–5523]. However, these two systems are in general different from each other due to the conditional mean-field terms in the MF-SDE. Eventually, the comparisons with pre-committed optimal strategies, open-loop equilibrium strategies are given in details.

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