scholarly journals Wireless Battery-Free Harmonic Communication System for Pressure Sensing

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1043
Author(s):  
Deepak Kumar ◽  
Saikat Mondal ◽  
Yiming Deng ◽  
Premjeet Chahal
Keyword(s):  
Communication System ◽  
Phase Shifter ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Pressure Sensing ◽  
Power Efficient ◽  
Hybrid Coupler ◽  
Pressurized Pipelines ◽  
Rf Signal

In this paper, an efficient passive wireless harmonic communication system is proposed for the real-time monitoring of the pressurized pipelines. A pressure sensor is fabricated using the additive manufacturing technique and a harmonic radio frequency (RF) tag is designed to operate at the fundamental frequency (fo) of 2 GHz that shifts the phase of the back reflected RF signal according to the applied pressure ranging from 0 to 20 psi. A power efficient phase modulation with virtually no losses is achieved using a hybrid coupler-based phase shifter that efficiently reflect back the incoming signal using an end coupled reactive impedance element/sensor. The phase delay introduced by the reactive element gets doubled with the second harmonic communication, which increases the sensitivity by a factor of two. The concept of harmonic backscattering is exploited to reduce the effects of multi-path interference and self jamming, as well as improving the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).

CMOS-MEMS Based Current Mirror MOSFET Embedded Pressure Sensor for Healthcare and Biomedical Applications

2013 ◽  
Vol 647 ◽  
pp. 315-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep Kumar Rathore ◽  
Brishbhan Singh Panwar
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Sensor ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Circuit Simulation ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Cmos Technology ◽  
Current Mirror ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Pressure Sensing ◽  
Cmos Mems

This paper reports on the design and optimization of current mirror MOSFET embedded pressure sensor. A current mirror circuit with an output current of 1 mA integrated with a pressure sensing n-channel MOSFET has been designed using standard 5 µm CMOS technology. The channel region of the pressure sensing MOSFET forms the flexible diaphragm as well as the strain sensing element. The piezoresistive effect in MOSFET has been exploited for the calculation of strain induced carrier mobility variation. The output transistor of the current mirror forms the active pressure sensing MOSFET which produces a change in its drain current as a result of altered channel mobility under externally applied pressure. COMSOL Multiphysics is utilized for the simulation of pressure sensing structure and Tspice is employed to evaluate the characteristics of the current mirror pressure sensing circuit. Simulation results show that the pressure sensor has a sensitivity of 10.01 mV/MPa. The sensing structure has been optimized through simulation for enhancing the sensor sensitivity to 276.65 mV/MPa. These CMOS-MEMS based pressure sensors integrated with signal processing circuitry on the same chip can be used for healthcare and biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Image multiplexing using residue number system coding over MIMO-OFDM communication system

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 4815
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ibrahim Youssif ◽  
Amr ElSayed Emam ◽  
Mohamed Abd ElGhany
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Communication System ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Image Transmission ◽  
Number System ◽  
Residue Number System ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Residue Number ◽  
Mimo Ofdm ◽  
Noise Ratio

<p>Image transmission over Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) communication system is prone to distortion and noise due to the encountered High-Peak-to-Average-Power-Ratio (PAPR) generated from the OFDM block. This paper studies the utilization of Residue Number System (RNS) as a coding scheme for digital image transmission over Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) – OFDM transceiver communication system. The use of the independent parallel feature of RNS, as well as the reduced signal amplitude to convert the input signal to parallel smaller residue signals, enable to reduce the signal PAPR, decreasing the signal distortion and the Bit Error Rate (BER). Consequently, improving the received Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and enhancing the received image quality. The performance analyzed though BER, and PAPR. Moreover, image quality measurement is achieved through evaluating the Mean Squared Error (MSE), Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), and the correlation values between the initial and retrieved images. Simulation results had shown the performance of transmission/reception model with and without RNS coding implementation.</p><p> </p>

Directional AF Cooperative Communication System Based on Outage Probability

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruilian Tan ◽  
Zhe Li ◽  
Peng Bai ◽  
Kai Shi ◽  
Baoxiang Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Bound ◽  
Outage Probability ◽  
Cooperative Communication ◽  
Communication System ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Directional Antenna ◽  
Channel Coefficient ◽  
Traditional Mode ◽  
Limited Power ◽  
Single Relay

In order to improve outage property of cooperative communication system, directional antenna technology could be introduced. The paper proposes single relay AF cooperative communication protocol based on directional antenna and deduces the outage probability of system in fully directional mode theoretically so as to deduce the lower bound. With the minimum system outage probability to be the target, the paper analyzes OPA (Optimum Power Allocation) and makes detailed analysis and comparison of the system property of the established model by combining with specific simulation value. The simulation result shows that on the condition of high SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) or greater difference of channel coefficient between two terminals and relay, the lower bound and accurate value are approximated and the outage property of fully directional cooperative communication is superior to that of traditional mode. Under the situation of limited power, OPA can enhance the outage property of system effectively.

Analysis and Design of a Full 360 degrees, Harmonic-Suppressed Hybrid Coupler Phase Shifter

2017 ◽  
Vol E100.C (10) ◽  
pp. 875-883
Author(s):  
Chai Eu GUAN ◽  
Ahmed I.A. GALAL ◽  
Nagamitsu MIZOGUCHI ◽  
Akira ISHIKAWA ◽  
Shugo FUKAGAWA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Shifter ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Hybrid Coupler

Rate Compatible LDPC Codes Design for Shallow Water Acoustic Communications

2012 ◽  
Vol 198-199 ◽  
pp. 1609-1614
Author(s):  
You Gan Chen ◽  
Xiao Mei Xu ◽  
Lan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Communication System ◽  
Channel Coding ◽  
Error Control ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Estimation Error ◽  
Ldpc Codes ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Channel Characteristics ◽  
Wide Range

The fast temporal variations shallow water acoustic (SWA) channels need the temporal variations channel coding scheme at the acceptable cost. Hence, flexible channel coding rate, adjusted according to different ocean channel characteristics, should be desired in the design of practical error control SWA communication system. In this paper, we propose rate-compatible LDPC (RC-LDPC) codes to improve the communication system reliability for SWA communications. The proposed SWA system adopting RC-LDPC codes consists of three important preprocessing: channel state information (CSI) estimator, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) estimator and RC-LDPC pattern. For the estimation error, we define and derive the sensitivity to imperfect CSI and imperfect SNR. Then the design of RC-LDPC codes and SWA channel profile are described. Furthermore, the RC-LDPC performance pattern is given and sensitivity to estimation error of CSI and SNR are analyzed via simulation. It is shown that RC-LDPC codes have good performances with wide range of rates in SWA channels. Finally, coding rate distributions of RC-LDPC codes in different SNR at BER below 10-4 for SWA channel are investigated.

scholarly journals Performance Validation of a Planar Hall Resistance Biosensor through Beta-Amyloid Biomarker

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 434 ◽  
Author(s):  
SungJoon Kim ◽  
Sri Ramulu Torati ◽  
Artem Talantsev ◽  
ChangYeop Jeon ◽  
SungBae Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
External Magnetic Field ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Magnetic Sensors ◽  
Hall Resistance ◽  
Field Mode ◽  
Mode Method ◽  
Performance Validation

Magnetic sensors have great potential for biomedical applications, particularly, detection of magnetically-labeled biomolecules and cells. On the basis of the advantage of the planar Hall effect sensor, which consists of improved thermal stability as compared with other magnetic sensors, we have designed a portable biosensor platform that can detect magnetic labels without applying any external magnetic field. The trilayer sensor, with a composition of Ta (5 nm)/NiFe (10 nm)/Cu (x = 0 nm~1.2 nm)/IrMn (10 nm)/Ta (5 nm), was deposited on a silicon wafer using photolithography and a sputtering system, where the optimized sensor sensitivity was 6 μV/(Oe∙mA). The detection of the magnetic label was done by comparing the signals obtained in first harmonic AC mode (1f mode) using an external magnetic field and in the second harmonic AC mode (2f mode) with a self-field generated by current passing through the sensor. In addition, a technique for the β-amyloid biomarker-based antibody-antigen sandwich model was demonstrated for the detection of a series of concentrations of magnetic labels using the self-field mode method, where the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was high. The generated self-field was enough to detect an immobilized magnetic tag without an additional external magnetic field. Hence, it could be possible to reduce the device size to use the point-of-care testing using a portable circuit system.

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