scholarly journals Investigation of the Physiology of the Obligate Alkaliphilic Bacillus marmarensis GMBE 72T Considering Its Alkaline Adaptation Mechanism for Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) Synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 462
Author(s):  
Yağmur Atakav ◽  
Orkun Pinar ◽  
Dilek Kazan
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Metabolic Enzymes ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Adaptation Mechanism ◽  
Alkaliphilic Bacillus ◽  
Hydroxyacyl Coa Dehydrogenase ◽  
Dry Cell

The novel extreme obligate alkaliphilic Bacillus marmarensis DSM 21297 is known to produce polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB). However, the detailed mechanism of PHB synthesis in B. marmarensis is still unknown. Here, we investigated which metabolic pathways and metabolic enzymes are responsible for PHB synthesis in order to understand the regulatory pathway and optimize PHB synthesis in B. marmarensis. In accordance with the fact that beta-galactosidase, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and Enoyl-CoA hydratase together with acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and lipase were annotated in B. marmarensis according to the RAST server, we used glucose, lactose, and olive oil to understand the preferred metabolic pathway for the PHB synthesis. It was found that B. marmarensis produces PHB from glucose, lactose, and olive oil. However, the highest PHB titer and the highest amount of PHB synthesized per dry cell mass (YP/X) were achieved in the presence of lactose, as compared to glucose and olive oil. Additionally, in the absence of peptone, the amount of PHB synthesized is reduced for each carbon source. Interestingly, none of the carbon sources studied yielded an efficient PHB synthesis, and supplementation of the medium with potassium ions did not enhance PHB synthesis. According to these experimental results and the presence of annotated metabolic enzymes based on the RAST server, PHB accumulation in the cells of B. marmarensis could be improved by the level of the expression of 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase (1.1.1.157), which increases the production of NADPH. Additionally, the accumulation of 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA could enhance the production of PHB in B. marmarensis in the presence of fatty acids. To our knowledge, this is the first report investigating the regulatory system involved in the control of PHB metabolism of B. marmarensis.

Application of Phenotype Microarray for Profiling Carbon Sources Utilization between Biofilm and Non-Biofilm of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Clinical Isolates

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 1539-1550
Author(s):  
Nur S. Ismail ◽  
Suresh K. Subbiah ◽  
Niazlin M. Taib
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Anaerobic Respiration ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
Phenotype Microarray ◽  
Diverse Environment ◽  
Phenotype Microarrays

Background: This is the fastest work in obtaining the metabolic profiles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in order to combat the infection diseases which leads to high morbidity and mortality rates. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a high versatility of gram-negative bacteria that can undergo aerobic and anaerobic respiration. Capabilities in deploying different carbon sources, energy metabolism and regulatory system, ensure the survival of this microorganism in the diverse environment condition. Determination of differences in carbon sources utilization among biofilm and non-biofilm of Pseudomonas aeruginosa provides a platform in understanding the metabolic activity of the microorganism. Methods: The study was carried out from September 2017 to February 2019. Four archive isolates forming strong and intermediate biofilm and non-biofilms producer were subcultured from archive isolates. ATCC 27853 P. aeruginosa was used as a negative control or non-biofilm producing microorganism. Biofilm formation was confirmed by Crystal Violet Assay (CVA) and Congo Red Agar (CRA). Metabolic profiles of the biofilm and non-biofilms isolates were determined by phenotype microarrays (Biolog Omnilog). Results and Discussion: In this study, Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm isolates utilized uridine, L-threonine and L-serine while non-biofilm utilized adenosine, inosine, monomethyl, sorbic acid and succinamic acid. Conclusion: The outcome of this result will be used for future studies to improve detection or inhibit the growth of P. aeruginosa biofilm and non-biofilm respectively.

scholarly journals Burkholderia thailandensis E264 as a promising safe rhamnolipids’ producer towards a sustainable valorization of grape marcs and olive mill pomace

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alif Chebbi ◽  
Massimiliano Tazzari ◽  
Cristiana Rizzi ◽  
Franco Hernan Gomez Tovar ◽  
Sara Villa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Burkholderia Thailandensis ◽  
Rhamnolipid Production ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Olive Mill

Abstract Within the circular economy framework, our study aims to assess the rhamnolipid production from winery and olive oil residues as low-cost carbon sources by nonpathogenic strains. After evaluating various agricultural residues from those two sectors, Burkholderia thailandensis E264 was found to use the raw soluble fraction of nonfermented (white) grape marcs (NF), as the sole carbon and energy source, and simultaneously, reducing the surface tension to around 35 mN/m. Interestingly, this strain showed a rhamnolipid production up to 1070 mg/L (13.37 mg/g of NF), with a higher purity, on those grape marcs, predominately Rha-Rha C14-C14, in MSM medium. On olive oil residues, the rhamnolipid yield of using olive mill pomace (OMP) at 2% (w/v) was around 300 mg/L (15 mg/g of OMP) with a similar CMC of 500 mg/L. To the best of our knowledge, our study indicated for the first time that a nonpathogenic bacterium is able to produce long-chain rhamnolipids in MSM medium supplemented with winery residues, as sole carbon and energy source. Key points • Winery and olive oil residues are used for producing long-chain rhamnolipids (RLs). • Both higher RL yields and purity were obtained on nonfermented grape marcs as substrates. • Long-chain RLs revealed stabilities over a wide range of pH, temperatures, and salinities

Quantitative Effects of Oxygen Supply on Mycelia Growth and Extracellular Polysaccharide of Ganoderma tsugae

2012 ◽  
Vol 217-219 ◽  
pp. 975-978
Author(s):  
Nukrob Narkprasom ◽  
Tzou Chi Huang ◽  
Yuan Kuang Guu
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Submerged Fermentation ◽  
Oxygen Supply ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharide ◽  
Mycelia Growth ◽  
High Level ◽  
Dry Cell

The quantitative effects of oxygen supply in terms of shaking speed and medium volume on the production of mycelia and extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) using Ganoderma tsugae in submerged fermentation were investigated. Mycelia growth required the proper shaking speed at 134 rpm for breaking a larger pellet into several smaller pellets. Furthermore, high level of medium volume for consumption of abundant nutrient is needed for maximum mycelia growth. For EPS, a high agitation is needed to promote a good mass transfer for achieving high product concentrations recovery. The appropriate medium volume was found to be 150.4 mL for aiding to produce a secondary metabolite by promoting the mass transfer of substrates. The dry cell mass (DCM)-EPS diagram of G. tsugae was created from the both production equations which this diagram is an useful tool for submerge fermentation industry for decision about to control the both productions.

scholarly journals A Novel Ag-N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complex Bearing the Hydroxyethyl Ligand: Synthesis, Characterization, Crystal and Spectral Structures and Bioactivity Properties

Crystals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aydin Aktas ◽  
Duygu Barut Celepci ◽  
Yetkin Gok ◽  
Parham Taslimi ◽  
Hulya Akincioglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
Metabolic Enzymes ◽  
The Novel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Benzimidazolium Salt ◽  
Drug Potency ◽  
Human Carbonic Anhydrase

In this study, a novel silver N-heterocyclic carbene (Ag-NHC) complex bearing hydroxyethyl substituent has been synthesized from the hydroxyethyl-substituted benzimidazolium salt and silver oxide by using in-situ deprotonation method. A structure of the Ag-NHC complex was characterized by using UV-Vis, FTIR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopies and elemental analysis techniques. Also, the crystal structure of the novel complex was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction method. In this paper, compound 1 showed excellent inhibitory effects against some metabolic enzymes. This complex had Ki of 1.14 0.26 µM against human carbonic anhydrase I (hCA I), 1.88±0.20 µM against human carbonic anhydrase II (hCA I), and 10.75±2.47 µM against α-glycosidase, respectively. On the other hand, the Ki value was found as 25.32±3.76 µM against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and 41.31±7.42 µM against butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), respectively. These results showed that the complex had drug potency against some diseases related to using metabolic enzymes.

scholarly journals Poly-β-Hydroxybutyrate Production by the Cyanobacterium Scytonema geitleri Bharadwaja under Varying Environmental Conditions

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj K. Singh ◽  
Pradeep K. Rai ◽  
Anuradha Rai ◽  
Surendra Singh ◽  
Jay Shankar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Stationary Growth Phase ◽  
Stationary Growth ◽  
Cell Weight ◽  
Dry Cell Weight ◽  
Phb Production ◽  
Dry Cell

The production of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) under varying environmental conditions (pH, temperature and carbon sources) was examined in the cyanobacterium Scytonema geitleri Bharadwaja isolated from the roof-top of a building. The S. geitleri produced PHB and the production of PHB was linear with the growth of cyanobacterium. The maximum PHB production (7.12% of dry cell weight) was recorded when the cells of S. geitleri were at their stationary growth phase. The production of PHB was optimum at pH 8.5 and 30 °C, and acetate (30 mM) was the preferred carbon source.

scholarly journals Thermocrinis ruber gen. nov., sp. nov., a Pink-Filament-Forming Hyperthermophilic Bacterium Isolated from Yellowstone National Park

1998 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 3576-3583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Huber ◽  
Wolfgang Eder ◽  
Stefan Heldwein ◽  
Gerhard Wanner ◽  
Harald Huber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Yellowstone National Park ◽  
National Park ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Rrna Sequence ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence ◽  
Hyperthermophilic Bacterium ◽  
Outflow Channel

ABSTRACT A novel hyperthermophilic bacterium was isolated from pink filamentous streamers (pink filaments) occurring in the upper outflow channel (temperature, 82 to 88°C) of Octopus Spring in Yellowstone National Park, Wyo. The gram-negative cells grew at low salinity at temperatures up to 89°C in the neutral to alkaline pH range. Depending on the culture conditions, the organisms occurred as single motile rods, as aggregates, or as long filaments that formed streamer-like cell masses. The novel isolate grew chemolithoautotrophically with hydrogen, thiosulfate, and elemental sulfur as electron donors and oxygen as the electron acceptor. Alternatively, under aerobic conditions, formate and formamide served as sole energy and carbon sources. The novel isolate had a 16S rRNA sequence closely related to the 16S rRNA sequence obtained from uncultivated pink filaments. It represents a new genus in the orderAquificales, the type species of which we nameThermocrinis ruber (type strain, OC 1/4 [= DSM 12173]).

Error in Measuring Dry Cell Mass with a Computerized Interference Microscope

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 412-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. Levin ◽  
A. A. Kovalev ◽  
V. L. Minaev ◽  
K. A. Sukhorukov
Keyword(s):  
Cell Mass ◽  
Interference Microscope ◽  
Dry Cell

scholarly journals Sodium Lactate Negatively Regulates Shewanella putrefaciens CN32 Biofilm Formation via a Three-Component Regulatory System (LrbS-LrbA-LrbR)

2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cong Liu ◽  
Jinshui Yang ◽  
Liang Liu ◽  
Baozhen Li ◽  
Hongli Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Shewanella Putrefaciens ◽  
Sodium Lactate ◽  
Signal Molecule ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Biofilm Development

ABSTRACT The capability of biofilm formation has a major impact on the industrial and biotechnological applications of Shewanella putrefaciens CN32. However, the detailed regulatory mechanisms underlying biofilm formation in this strain remain largely unknown. In the present report, we describe a three-component regulatory system which negatively regulates the biofilm formation of S. putrefaciens CN32. This system consists of a histidine kinase LrbS (Sputcn32_0303) and two cognate response regulators, including a transcription factor, LrbA (Sputcn32_0304), and a phosphodiesterase, LrbR (Sputcn32_0305). LrbS responds to the signal of the carbon source sodium lactate and subsequently activates LrbA. The activated LrbA then promotes the expression of lrbR, the gene for the other response regulator. The bis-(3′-5′)-cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP) phosphodiesterase LrbR, containing an EAL domain, decreases the concentration of intracellular c-di-GMP, thereby negatively regulating biofilm formation. In summary, the carbon source sodium lactate acts as a signal molecule that regulates biofilm formation via a three-component regulatory system (LrbS-LrbA-LrbR) in S. putrefaciens CN32. IMPORTANCE Biofilm formation is a significant capability used by some bacteria to survive in adverse environments. Numerous environmental factors can affect biofilm formation through different signal transduction pathways. Carbon sources are critical nutrients for bacterial growth, and their concentrations and types significantly influence the biomass and structure of biofilms. However, knowledge about the underlying mechanism of biofilm formation regulation by carbon source is still limited. This work elucidates a modulation pattern of biofilm formation negatively regulated by sodium lactate as a carbon source via a three-component regulatory system in S. putrefaciens CN32, which may serve as a good example for studying how the carbon sources impact biofilm development in other bacteria.

scholarly journals ACEI of Trichoderma reesei Is a Repressor of Cellulase and Xylanase Expression

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Aro ◽  
Marja Ilmén ◽  
Anu Saloheimo ◽  
Merja Penttilä
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Reesei ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Cellulase Production ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Hypocrea Jecorina ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Gene Coding ◽  
Better Than

ABSTRACT We characterized the effect of deletion of the Trichoderma reesei (Hypocrea jecorina) ace1 gene encoding the novel cellulase regulator ACEI that was isolated based on its ability to bind to and activate in vivo in Saccharomyces cerevisiae the promoter of the main cellulase gene, cbh1. Deletion of ace1 resulted in an increase in the expression of all the main cellulase genes and two xylanase genes in sophorose- and cellulose-induced cultures, indicating that ACEI acts as a repressor of cellulase and xylanase expression. Growth of the strain with a deletion of the ace1 gene on different carbon sources was analyzed. On cellulose-based medium, on which cellulases are needed for growth, the Δace1 strain grew better than the host strain due to the increased cellulase production. On culture media containing sorbitol as the sole carbon source, the growth of the strain with a deletion of the ace1 gene was severely impaired, suggesting that ACEI regulates expression of other genes in addition to cellulase and xylanase genes. A strain with a deletion of the ace1 gene and with a deletion of the ace2 gene coding for the cellulase and xylanase activator ACEII expressed cellulases and xylanases similar to the Δace1 strain, indicating that yet another activator regulating cellulase and xylanase promoters was present.

scholarly journals Hoeflea phototrophica sp. nov., a novel marine aerobic alphaproteobacterium that forms bacteriochlorophyll a

2006 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 821-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanno Biebl ◽  
Brian J. Tindall ◽  
Rüdiger Pukall ◽  
Heinrich Lünsdorf ◽  
Martin Allgaier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Reaction Centre ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Poor Growth

Within a collection of marine strains that were shown to contain the photosynthesis reaction-centre genes pufL and pufM, a novel group of alphaproteobacteria was found and was characterized phenotypically. The 16S rRNA gene sequence data suggested that the strains belonged to the order Rhizobiales and were closest (98·5 % sequence similarity) to the recently described species Hoeflea marina. The cells contained bacteriochlorophyll a and a carotenoid, presumably spheroidenone, in small to medium amounts. Cells of the novel strains were small rods and were motile by means of single polarly inserted flagella. Good growth occurred in complex media with 0·5–7·0 % sea salts, at 25–33 °C (optimum, 31 °C) and at pH values in the range 6–9. With the exception of acetate and malate, organic carbon sources tested supported poor growth or no growth at all. Growth factors were required; these were provided by small amounts of yeast extract, but not by standard vitamin solutions. Growth occurred under aerobic to microaerobic conditions, but not under anaerobic conditions, either in the dark or light. Nitrate was not reduced. Photosynthetic pigments were formed at low to medium salt concentrations, but not at the salt concentration of sea water (3·5 %). On the basis of smaller cell size, different substrate utilization profile and photosynthetic pigment content, the novel strains can be classified as representatives of a second species of Hoeflea, for which the name Hoeflea phototrophica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Hoeflea phototrophica sp. nov. is DFL-43T (=DSM 17068T=NCIMB 14078T).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document