scholarly journals Burkholderia thailandensis E264 as a promising safe rhamnolipids’ producer towards a sustainable valorization of grape marcs and olive mill pomace

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alif Chebbi ◽  
Massimiliano Tazzari ◽  
Cristiana Rizzi ◽  
Franco Hernan Gomez Tovar ◽  
Sara Villa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Burkholderia Thailandensis ◽  
Rhamnolipid Production ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Olive Mill

Abstract Within the circular economy framework, our study aims to assess the rhamnolipid production from winery and olive oil residues as low-cost carbon sources by nonpathogenic strains. After evaluating various agricultural residues from those two sectors, Burkholderia thailandensis E264 was found to use the raw soluble fraction of nonfermented (white) grape marcs (NF), as the sole carbon and energy source, and simultaneously, reducing the surface tension to around 35 mN/m. Interestingly, this strain showed a rhamnolipid production up to 1070 mg/L (13.37 mg/g of NF), with a higher purity, on those grape marcs, predominately Rha-Rha C14-C14, in MSM medium. On olive oil residues, the rhamnolipid yield of using olive mill pomace (OMP) at 2% (w/v) was around 300 mg/L (15 mg/g of OMP) with a similar CMC of 500 mg/L. To the best of our knowledge, our study indicated for the first time that a nonpathogenic bacterium is able to produce long-chain rhamnolipids in MSM medium supplemented with winery residues, as sole carbon and energy source. Key points • Winery and olive oil residues are used for producing long-chain rhamnolipids (RLs). • Both higher RL yields and purity were obtained on nonfermented grape marcs as substrates. • Long-chain RLs revealed stabilities over a wide range of pH, temperatures, and salinities

scholarly journals Sporulation in solventogenic and acetogenic clostridia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamou Diallo ◽  
Servé W. M. Kengen ◽  
Ana M. López-Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Biotechnological Production ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Sporulation Initiation ◽  
Solventogenic Clostridia

AbstractThe Clostridium genus harbors compelling organisms for biotechnological production processes; while acetogenic clostridia can fix C1-compounds to produce acetate and ethanol, solventogenic clostridia can utilize a wide range of carbon sources to produce commercially valuable carboxylic acids, alcohols, and ketones by fermentation. Despite their potential, the conversion by these bacteria of carbohydrates or C1 compounds to alcohols is not cost-effective enough to result in economically viable processes. Engineering solventogenic clostridia by impairing sporulation is one of the investigated approaches to improve solvent productivity. Sporulation is a cell differentiation process triggered in bacteria in response to exposure to environmental stressors. The generated spores are metabolically inactive but resistant to harsh conditions (UV, chemicals, heat, oxygen). In Firmicutes, sporulation has been mainly studied in bacilli and pathogenic clostridia, and our knowledge of sporulation in solvent-producing or acetogenic clostridia is limited. Still, sporulation is an integral part of the cellular physiology of clostridia; thus, understanding the regulation of sporulation and its connection to solvent production may give clues to improve the performance of solventogenic clostridia. This review aims to provide an overview of the triggers, characteristics, and regulatory mechanism of sporulation in solventogenic clostridia. Those are further compared to the current knowledge on sporulation in the industrially relevant acetogenic clostridia. Finally, the potential applications of spores for process improvement are discussed.Key Points• The regulatory network governing sporulation initiation varies in solventogenic clostridia.• Media composition and cell density are the main triggers of sporulation.• Spores can be used to improve the fermentation process.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of a Medium- and Long-Chain n-Alkane-Degrading Bacterium, Tsukamurella tyrosinosolvens Strain PS2, with Two Genetic Systems for Alkane Degradation

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeriya A. Romanova ◽  
Eugenia A. Boulygina ◽  
Maria N. Siniagina ◽  
Maria I. Markelova ◽  
Tatiana V. Grigoryeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Draft Genome Sequence ◽  
Alkane Degradation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Long Chain

Here, we report the genome sequence of Tsukamurella tyrosinosolvens strain PS2, which was isolated from hydrocarbon sludge of an organic synthesis factory. This strain was able to utilize a wide range of n-alkanes, from C16 to C35, as sole carbon sources.

scholarly journals Towards PHA production from wastes: The bioconversion potential of different activated sludge and food industry wastes into VFAs through acidogenic fermentation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Montiel-Jarillo ◽  
Teresa Gea ◽  
Adriana Artola ◽  
Javier Fuentes ◽  
Julián Carrera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Olive Mill Wastewater ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Methanogenic Activity ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
Acidogenic Fermentation ◽  
Pha Production ◽  
Olive Mill

Abstract Acidogenic fermentation of wastes produces volatile fatty acid (VFA)-rich streams that can be used as low-cost carbon sources for polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production. In this study, an inoculum collected from an anaerobic reactor of a municipal WWTP was conditioned to suppress methanogenic activity. The heat-shock conditioning method of the inoculum proved to be more efficient than acid and alkaline conditioning methods for methanogen inhibition. Then, the pre-conditioned inoculum was used to determine the acidogenic potential of different wastes: three waste activated sludge (WAS) samples generated at different sludge retention times (SRTs, 2, 7 and 14 days), olive mill wastewater (OMW), glycerol, apple pomace (AP) and winterization oil cake (WOC). Batch tests were performed in quintuplicate at 37°C and pH 7. A higher degree of acidification was observed for high-rate activated sludge (2 days of SRT) (69%), followed by olive mill wastewater (OMW) (43%), while the lowest was for glycerol (16%). The results for the winterization oil cake (WOC) samples interestingly elucidated a high content of propionic acid with a high odd-to-even ratio (0.86) after fermentation. Feeding the VFA profile obtained from WOC into a PHA production system led to a significant production of 0.64 g PHA g− 1 C with 30% polyhydrobutyrate (PHB) to 69% polyhydroxyvalerate (PHV) as monomeric units of HB-co-HV, decoupling the need for a related carbon source for co-polymer production.

scholarly journals Sustainable Surfactin Production by Bacillus subtilis Using Crude Glycerol from Different Wastes

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3488
Author(s):  
Tomasz Janek ◽  
Eduardo J. Gudiña ◽  
Xymena Połomska ◽  
Piotr Biniarz ◽  
Dominika Jama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Crude Glycerol ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Waste Glycerol ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Surfactin Production

Most biosurfactants are obtained using costly culture media and purification processes, which limits their wider industrial use. Sustainability of their production processes can be achieved, in part, by using cheap substrates found among agricultural and food wastes or byproducts. In the present study, crude glycerol, a raw material obtained from several industrial processes, was evaluated as a potential low-cost carbon source to reduce the costs of surfactin production by Bacillus subtilis #309. The culture medium containing soap-derived waste glycerol led to the best surfactin production, reaching about 2.8 g/L. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing surfactin production by B. subtilis using stearin and soap wastes as carbon sources. A complete chemical characterization of surfactin analogs produced from the different waste glycerol samples was performed by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Furthermore, the surfactin produced in the study exhibited good stability in a wide range of pH, salinity and temperatures, suggesting its potential for several applications in biotechnology.

scholarly journals Novel Low-Cost Biosorbents of Phenolic Compounds from Olive Mill Wastewaters

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Nikoletta Solomakou ◽  
Athanasia M. Goula
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Adsorptive Capacity ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Olive Mill

Olive oil is one of the most widely used oils in the world with economic importance for many countries. Olive oil extraction generates large amounts of solid (cake) and liquid waste (olive mill wastewater, OMW), which pose a chronic environmental problem due to their disposal of the produced wastes on the landfill and water recipients. Thus, the research community is in search of techniques, individually or in combination, in order to detoxify waste. The common treatment methods belong to a one-dimensional waste treatment approach, which is depollution. A practical way to overcome the financial obstacle of depollution is to develop treatment schemes that combine depollution with recovery of valuable ingredients, such as phenolics. The toxicity of this waste is mainly due to the high concentration of phenolic compounds, which, however, have strong antioxidant activity, turning OMW into an economical raw material for the recovery of bioactive compounds. Adsorption is generally considered to be the most effective and low-cost method for the removal of phenolics. So far, few studies have been carried out using sorbents for the removal of phenolics from OMW. However, the relatively high initial cost and the need for a costly regeneration system render common sorbents less economically viable. Thus, many researchers have focused their efforts on optimizing adsorption process by development of novel, low-cost adsorbents with high adsorptive capacity, originating from food industry byproducts (biosorbents). The objective of this work is to provide a comprehensive summary of the biosorbents used for OMW management.

scholarly journals Fitting Biochars and Activated Carbons from Residues of the Olive Oil Industry as Supports of Fe- Catalysts for the Heterogeneous Fenton-Like Treatment of Simulated Olive Mill Wastewater

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno M. Esteves ◽  
Sergio Morales-Torres ◽  
Francisco J. Maldonado-Hódar ◽  
Luis M. Madeira
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Catalyst Deactivation ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Olive Mill Wastewater ◽  
Heterogeneous Fenton ◽  
Olive Mill

A series of biochars and activated carbons (ACs) was prepared combining carbonization and physical or chemical activation of cheap and abundant residues of the olive oil industry. These materials were used as Fe-support to develop low-cost catalysts for the heterogeneous Fenton-like oxidation of simulated olive mill wastewater (OMW), the highly pollutant effluent generated by this agroindustry. Commercial ACs were also used as reference. All catalysts prepared were extensively characterized and results related with their performances in the catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO). Results showed a linear relationship of the textural properties of the catalysts with the adsorptive and catalytic performance, as well as the preferential adsorption and degradation of some phenolic compounds (caffeic and gallic acids) by specific interactions with the catalysts’ surface. Despite the best performance of catalysts developed using commercial supports, those prepared from agro-industrial residues present some advantages, including a smaller catalyst deactivation by iron leaching. CWPO results show that catalysts from physically activated olive stones are the most promising materials, reaching total organic carbon and toxicity reductions of 35% and 60%, respectively, as well an efficient use of H2O2, comparable with those obtained using commercial supports. This approach showed that the optimized treatment of this type of residues will allow their integration in the circular economic process of the olive oil production.

scholarly journals Expanding the toolbox for Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803: validation of replicative vectors and characterization of a novel set of promoters

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice A Ferreira ◽  
Catarina C Pacheco ◽  
Filipe Pinto ◽  
José Pereira ◽  
Pedro Lamosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Metabolic Plasticity ◽  
Cell Factories ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Synechocystis Sp ◽  
Pcc 6803

Abstract Cyanobacteria are promising ‘low-cost’ cell factories since they have minimal nutritional requirements, high metabolic plasticity and can use sunlight and CO2 as energy and carbon sources. The unicellular Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, already considered the ‘green’ Escherichia coli, is the best studied cyanobacterium but to be used as an efficient and robust photoautotrophic chassis it requires a customized and well-characterized toolbox. In this context, we evaluated the possibility of using three self-replicative vectors from the Standard European Vector Architecture (SEVA) repository to transform Synechocystis. Our results demonstrated that the presence of the plasmid does not lead to an evident phenotype or hindered Synechocystis growth, being the vast majority of the cells able to retain the replicative plasmid even in the absence of selective pressure. In addition, a set of heterologous and redesigned promoters were characterized exhibiting a wide range of activities compared to the reference PrnpB, three of which could be efficiently repressed. As a proof-of-concept, from the expanded toolbox, one promoter was selected and assembled with the ggpS gene [encoding one of the proteins involved in the synthesis of the native compatible solute glucosylglycerol (GG)] and the synthetic device was introduced into Synechocystis using one of the SEVA plasmids. The presence of this device restored the production of the GG in a ggpS deficient mutant validating the functionality of the tools/device developed in this study.

Bioethanol production from thermochemically pre-treated olive mill solid residues using the yeast Pachysolen tannophylus

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-124 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Solid Residue ◽  
Residual Oil ◽  
Edible Fungi ◽  
Pachysolen Tannophilus ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Olive Mill

Olive oil mill solid residue (OMSR) is the solid waste generated during olive oil production process in three-phase olive mills. It consists of the remaining pulp of olive processing after the extraction of oil, as well as the cracked seeds of the olive fruits, containing thus mainly lignocellulose and residual oil. The commonly used practice for OMSR management is combustion, after having extracted the residual oil by secondary extraction using organic solvents. Other proposed ways of OMSR management are their exploitation as substrate for edible fungi production and compost, and as feedstock for biofuels generation such as methane and bioethanol. In the latter case, the complex carbohydrates (cellulose and hemicellulose) of the lignocellulose of OMSR have to be degraded towards their simple sugars and further fermented via microorganisms. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of thermochemical pre-treatment of OMSR, on the final ethanol yield from the yeast Pachysolen tannophilus. Nine different types of OMSR-based substrates were tested i.e. raw OMSR, hydrolysates generated from pretreated OMSR with NaOH (0.5 %, 1.5 % w/v) and H2SO4 (0.5 %, 1.5 % v/v), and pretreated OMSR with NaOH (0.5 %, 1.5 % w/v) and H2SO4 (0.5 %, 1.5 % v/v) whole biomass. It was shown that in all cases pretreatment enhanced the consumption of carbohydrates as well as ethanol final yields.

Much Ado about (Practically) Nothing

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Atomic Nucleus ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Scientific Journals ◽  
Rare Gases ◽  
Important Work ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Life On Mars ◽  
The Universe

There are eight columns in the Periodic Table. The eighth column is comprised of the rare gases, so-called because they are the rarest elements on earth. They are also called the inert or noble gases because, like nobility, they do no work. They are colorless, odorless, invisible gases which do not react with anything, and were thought to be unimportant until the early 1960s. Starting in that era, David Fisher has spent roughly fifty years doing research on these gases, publishing nearly a hundred papers in the scientific journals, applying them to problems in geophysics and cosmochemistry, and learning how other scientists have utilized them to change our ideas about the universe, the sun, and our own planet. Much Ado about (Practically) Nothing will cover this spectrum of ideas, interspersed with the author's own work which will serve to introduce each gas and the important work others have done with them. The rare gases have participated in a wide range of scientific advances-even revolutions-but no book has ever recorded the entire story. Fisher will range from the intricacies of the atomic nucleus and the tiniest of elementary particles, the neutrino, to the energy source of the stars; from the age of the earth to its future energies; from life on Mars to cancer here on earth. A whole panoply that has never before been told as an entity.

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