scholarly journals The Odor Release Regularity of Livestock and Poultry Manure and the Screening of Deodorizing Strains

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2488
Author(s):  
Haixia Ma ◽  
Feier Li ◽  
Evode Niyitanga ◽  
Xicun Chai ◽  
Shipeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Doping Amount ◽  
Pichia Kudriavzevii ◽  
Odor Pollution

Human living environments and health are seriously affected by the odor produced from fermentation of livestock and poultry manure. In order to reduce the odor pollution caused by livestock and poultry manure, efficient strains were screened and two methods were tried in this study. The orthogonal test design was used to analyze the gas produced by pig manure under different conditions of temperature, time, wheat straw doping amount and calcium carbonate doping amount. Then, according to ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and comprehensive odor removal effects, the high efficiency of deodorizing strains were screened. The results showed that pig manure produced the least odor when the temperature was 20 °C, added 0% calcium carbonate, 20% wheat straw and waited for 48 h. Three strains were screened to inhibit the odor production of pig manure: Paracoccus denitrificans, Bacillus licheniformis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, showed that their highest removal rate of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide gas could reach 96.58% and 99.74% among them; while for three strains of end-control pig manure stench: Pichia kudriavzevii, P. denitrificans and Bacillus subtilis, the highest removal rate of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide gas reached 85.91% and 90.80% among them. This research provides bacteria resources as the high-efficiency deodorizing function for the source suppression and the end treatment of the odor gas of pig manure, which has high application value for the control of odor pollution.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of High-Efficiency Magnetic Heavy Metal Capture Flocculants

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 1732
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Yu ◽  
Yongjun Sun ◽  
Jun Zhou ◽  
Aowen Chen ◽  
Kinjal J. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Response Surface Optimization ◽  
Metal Capture ◽  
Total Monomer Concentration

In this study, a high-efficiency magnetic heavy metal flocculant MF@AA was prepared based on carboxymethyl chitosan and magnetic Fe3O4. It was characterized by SEM, FTIR, XPS, XRD and VSM, and the Cu(II) removal rate was used as the evaluation basis for the preparation process. The effects of AMPS content, total monomer concentration, photoinitiator concentration and reaction time on the performance of MF@AA flocculation to remove Cu(II) were studied. The characterization results show that MF@AA has been successfully prepared and exhibits good magnetic induction characteristics. The synthesis results show that under the conditions of 10% AMPS content, 35% total monomer concentration, 0.04% photoinitiator concentration, and 1.5 h reaction time, the best yield of MF@AA is 77.69%. The best removal rate is 87.65%. In addition, the response surface optimization of the synthesis process of MF@AA was performed. The optimal synthesis ratio was finally determined as iron content 6.5%, CMFS: 29.5%, AM: 53.9%, AMPS: 10.1%. High-efficiency magnetic heavy metal flocculant MF@AA shows excellent flocculation performance in removing Cu(II). This research provides guidance and ideas for the development of efficient and low-cost flocculation technology to remove Cu(II) in wastewater.

Dynamics of fungal diversity and interactions with environmental elements in response to wheat straw biochar amended poultry manure composting

2019 ◽  
Vol 274 ◽  
pp. 410-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumin Duan ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar Awasthi ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
Hongyu Chen ◽  
Zengqiang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Fungal Diversity ◽  
Poultry Manure

scholarly journals Comparison of Fish Pond Waste Water with Manures under Garden Egg in Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic J. Udoh ◽  
Otobong B. Iren ◽  
Jeremiah E. Jonathan
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Fish Pond ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Total N ◽  
Cropping Seasons

<p class="1Body">Two field experiments were conducted from 2012 to 2013 cropping seasons to evaluate the efficacy and also determine the optimum rates of application for fish pond waste water in comparison with three other manures including one inorganic fertilizer and two organic manures under garden egg (<em>Solanum spp.</em>) crop.Garden egg was fertilized with pond waste water (PW), poultry manure (PM), pig manure (PG) and NPK15:15:15 at equivalent nitrogen (N) rates (0, 150, 300, 450 kg/ha). The treatments were arranged in a split plot under randomized complete block design (RCBD).The results obtained indicated a slight drop in soil pH but soil OM, total N, available P, exchangeable Ca and K increased generally with increasing rates of manures. The PW and PG treatments supported significantly (P&lt;0.05) the highest yields of the crop compared to PM and NPK with the 150 and 300 kg/ha treatments recording the highest increase. These results have shown that under the high rainfall and acidic soil conditions of Akwa Ibom State in Nigeria, PW is useful for the improvement of soil conditions and achievement of higher crop yields when applied at rates that supply N in the range of 150 – 300 kg/ha.</p>

Wear Characteristics of the Sub-Aperture Tools and Material Removal Rate in Precision Grinding with Loose Abrasives

2007 ◽  
Vol 329 ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
H. Cheng ◽  
H.Y. Tam ◽  
Y. Gao ◽  
Yong Bo Wu ◽  
Y. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Material Removal Rate ◽  
Material Removal ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Actual Process ◽  
Correlative Function ◽  
Glass Specimen ◽  
Grinding Tool ◽  
The Relationship

This paper proposes a sub-aperture grinding tool for loose abrasive computer controlled surfacing, which is designed to perform epicyclic motion and rotate around its centre at a rapid rate, whilst the entire mechanism revolves around a secondary centre at a slower rate. In actual process, the wear of the tool could affect the material removal function, and make the process unstable, thus in fact, it is difficult to make a deterministic manufacturing. The focus of the present paper is on wearing characteristics of sub-aperture tools and the wear evenness as the main objectives. To make a further study, material removal function of the tool is firstly established through theoretically modelling, next, a correlative function with weighted factors is built, which is suitable for specifying the wearing degree of the tool. Finally, to discover the relationship between the material removal rate and the tool wearing characteristics, and to optimize the grinding process, analysis and experiments are then carried out on a K9 glass specimen by means of three kinds of tool materials, i.e., polyurethane pad, aluminum plate and pitch based on the proposed technique and model. The results indicated that the required high efficiency and precision could be achieved by choosing proper processes.

Exploring the mechanisms of decreased methane during pig manure and wheat straw aerobic composting covered with a semi-permeable membrane

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 393-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuangshuang Ma ◽  
Xiaoxi Sun ◽  
Chen Fang ◽  
Xueqin He ◽  
Lujia Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Aerobic Composting ◽  
Permeable Membrane

Effect of exogenous carbon on the sorption and movement of atrazine and 2,4-D by soils

Soil Research ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 609 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Baskaran ◽  
NS Bolan ◽  
A Rahman ◽  
RW Tillman
Keyword(s):  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Column Studies ◽  
Mushroom Compost ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Soil Material ◽  
Kd Values ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Different Levels

Sorption and movement of 2 ionic herbicides (2,4-D and atrazine) by 3 soil materials (Tokomaru silt loam, Egmont silt loam, mine tailings) which were amended with different levels of exogenous carbon (C) materials (poultry manure, sewage sludge, mushroom compost, peat, pig manure) were examined using 14C-labelled compounds. The sorption of herbicides was measured using a batch technique and the movement was examined using soil columns in which a pulse of 14C-labelled herbicide was leached with dissolved organic C (DOC). Sorption of herbicides, as measured by the distribution coefficient (Kd), increased with increasing C addition, and varied between the C sources. The difference in the effect of C sources on the sorption of herbicides was related to the difference in the amount of DOC and the pH. The increase in the Kd values per unit C addition decreased with increasing amounts of both the exogenous C addition and the indigenous C in the soil material. In a separate study, the addition of DOC to solutions of herbicides prior to sorption measurements decreased the sorption of herbicides, whereas the addition of DOC to soil increased the sorption of herbicides. Column studies have shown that DOC enhanced the movement of herbicides in soils. The effect of DOC on the movement of herbicides varied between the soil materials and may be related to the difference in the sorption of both the herbicides and the DOC.

Preparation of Hydrated Calcium Silicate Gel and its Adsorption Properties for Cu(II)

2020 ◽  
Vol 993 ◽  
pp. 1445-1449
Author(s):  
Shi Jie Liu ◽  
Su Ping Cui ◽  
Hong Xia Guo ◽  
Ya Li Wang ◽  
Nan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Adsorption Method ◽  
Hydrated Calcium Silicate ◽  
Adsorption Performance ◽  
Optimum Reaction

Calcium silicate hydrate gel (CSH) was synthesized by calcium acetate and sodium silicate. The structure and morphology of CSH were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Scanning electron microscopy. The adsorption performance of CSH was measured by static adsorption method. The results show that CSH has porous structure and large specific surface area, and the optimum reaction conditions is the reaction temperature of 25°C and calcium-silicon ratio of 1.2. It has the maximum adsorption capacity of more than 150 mg/g and the removal rate of more than 86% with Cu2+. And it shows the excellent adsorption performance, even when the concentration of Cu2+ is less than 200mg/L, the removal rate is above 90%. The research may provide a low-cost and high-efficiency adsorbent.

Particle Size Distribution of Micropowder in Jet Milling/Electrostatic Dispersion

2013 ◽  
Vol 815 ◽  
pp. 707-711
Author(s):  
Yin Bing Li ◽  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Peng Fei Yin ◽  
Jian Chang Hu ◽  
Li Min Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combined Process ◽  
Fine Powders ◽  
Innovative Method ◽  
Dispersion State ◽  
Jet Milling ◽  
Electrostatic Dispersion

Jet milling is an innovative method to prepare micropowder with high efficiency and pureness, while the particles obtained through this way exhibit a prominent agglomeration due to the electrostatic attraction caused by friction of particles during jet milling progress. Recently, we have developed a new method to prepare micropowder by combination of jet milling and electrostatic dispersion. In this paper, both fine powders of calcium carbonate and talc were produced by J/E method, the particle size and its distribution were evaluated by SEM and LPSA as well. The results of our research reveal that the dispersion state of the micropowder thus prepared is influenced by its properties and the combined process is effectiveness in powder pulverization and dispersion.

Study on Ultrasonic Vibration in Gas and Optimization of a Novel Process of EDM

2013 ◽  
Vol 675 ◽  
pp. 365-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Cherng Lin ◽  
Han Ming Chow ◽  
Hai Ping Tsui ◽  
Yuan Feng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasonic Vibration ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Electrical Discharge Machining ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Main Process ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Machining Performance ◽  
Dielectric Fluids ◽  
Edm Process

The aim of this study is to investigate the machining characteristics of ultrasonic vibration assisted electrical discharge machining (EDM) process using gas media as the dielectric fluids. The process parameters were designed based on Taguchi method to conduct the experimental works. The main process parameters such as machining polarity, peak current, pulse duration, air pressure, working time, and servo reference voltage were chosen to determine their effects on machining performance in terms of material removal rate and surface roughness for SKD 61 tool steels. The experimental response values were transferred to signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios, and then the significant machining parameters associated with the machining performance were examined by analysis of variance (ANOVA). Therefore, the technique of ultrasonic vibration assisted EDM process in gas media was established with the concerning features related to environmentally friendly, high efficiency, and high machining quality to fit the demands of modern manufacturing applications.

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