scholarly journals Lithium Enrichment in the No. 21 Coal of the Hebi No. 6 Mine, Anhe Coalfield, Henan Province, China

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 521
Author(s):  
Yingchun Wei ◽  
Wenbo He ◽  
Guohong Qin ◽  
Maohong Fan ◽  
Daiyong Cao
Keyword(s):  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Henan Province ◽  
Concentration Coefficient ◽  
Peat Accumulation ◽  
Modes Of Occurrence ◽  
Exploitation And Utilization ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Lithium Enrichment ◽  
Common World

Lithium (Li) is an important strategic resource, and with the increasing demand for Li, there are some limitations in the exploitation and utilization of conventional deposits such as the pegmatite-type and brine-type Li deposits. Therefore, it has become imperative to search for Li from other sources. Li in coal is thought to be one of the candidates. In this study, the petrology, mineralogy, and geochemistry of No. 21 coal from the Hebi No. 6 mine, Anhe Coalfield, China, was reported, with an emphasis on the distribution, modes of occurrence, and origin of Li. The results show that Li is enriched in the No. 21 coal, and its concentration coefficient (CC) value is 6.6 on average in comparison with common world coals. Lithium in the studied coal is mainly present in aluminosilicates, mainly clay minerals, some of which contain a significant amount of Ti. The Li enrichment in the No. 21 coal is mainly controlled by the terrigenous materials and sourced from the moyite of the Yinshan Upland. Furthermore, Li in the No. 21 coal is more enriched in coals formed in acidic and humid conditions and coals influenced by fresh water during peat accumulation.

Irrigation.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynette Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Plant Life ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Increasing Demand

Abstract Crop production in many regions has been reliant on irrigation for almost as long as man has been cultivating plant life. For 6000 years, irrigation has ranked among the most powerful tools of human advancement (Postel, 1999), and by the start of the 21st century no less than 75% of the world's fresh water was in use for agricultural production (Levy and Coleman, 2014). In 2012, twenty percent of total cultivated land was under irrigation, contributing forty percent of the total food production worldwide, this represented 275 million hectares under actual irrigation with a total of 324 million hectares equipped for irrigation (FAO, 2016). Irrigation, which can be defined as 'the artificial application of water to land, soil or other growing medium for the purposes of crop growth', has become a global issue in more recent times as the increasing demand for fresh water has seen problems develop with water scarcity, quality issues and conflict over usage.

scholarly journals Study on exploitation and utilization of geothermal resources in Henan Province

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 012017 ◽  
Author(s):  
You-li Feng ◽  
Ning Mao ◽  
Li-jing Yu ◽  
Cong Wang ◽  
Meng-tao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Henan Province ◽  
Geothermal Resources ◽  
Exploitation And Utilization

scholarly journals River for Jaffna-Cultivating Productive Water from Salt Water Lagoons in Northern Sri Lanka-What the Water Balance of Elephant Pass Lagoon Demonstrates

2016 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 137-143
Author(s):  
Kuganesan, S ◽  
Sivakumar, S.S
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Productive Water ◽  
Increasing Demand

The proposal of converting Jaffna salt water lagoons in northern Sri Lanka to fresh water lakes is revived again in the recent days due to the increasing demand and dearth of fresh water in this region. Jaffna lagoon consists of two internal lagoons in the Jaffna peninsula and the external lagoon, Elephant pass.

Increase of Transportation Efficiencies and Emission Reduction within a City

2020 ◽  
pp. 1559-1586
Author(s):  
Christian Jenne
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
Scale Population ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Vehicle Movement ◽  
Fresh Water Supply

On a worldwide scale population is increasing, necessitating efficiencies in transportation essential for a modern and healthy environment. Most cities have already reached their limitations on population and vehicle movement. Street layouts and cycling lanes, which were initially planned for a certain number of inhabitants, are now not able to cope with increasing demand. The same applies for fresh water supply and effluent treatment which have limitations also. With an increasing population in urban areas, restriction levels in these regions can be reached very quickly, creating a problem which needs to be addressed. A smarter city can only be developed when there is pre-planning on all of these issues, when there is an understanding of newly developed human behaviours, and when new inventions and technologies in urban areas can adapt to these changes.

Increase of Transportation Efficiencies and Emission Reduction within a City

2020 ◽  
pp. 884-910
Author(s):  
Christian Jenne
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
Scale Population ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Vehicle Movement ◽  
Fresh Water Supply

On a worldwide scale population is increasing, necessitating efficiencies in transportation essential for a modern and healthy environment. Most cities have already reached their limitations on population and vehicle movement. Street layouts and cycling lanes, which were initially planned for a certain number of inhabitants, are now not able to cope with increasing demand. The same applies for fresh water supply and effluent treatment which have limitations also. With an increasing population in urban areas, restriction levels in these regions can be reached very quickly, creating a problem which needs to be addressed. A smarter city can only be developed when there is pre-planning on all of these issues, when there is an understanding of newly developed human behaviours, and when new inventions and technologies in urban areas can adapt to these changes.

The role of clay minerals and humic substances on the behaviour of organic and inorganic compounds in fresh water

1981 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 545-549
Author(s):  
Kazuko Ogura ◽  
Kohji Yamamoto ◽  
Yasushi Naitoh ◽  
Kazuo Fukushima
Keyword(s):  
Humic Substances ◽  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Inorganic Compounds

scholarly journals Modes of Occurrence and Origin of Minerals in Permian Coals from the Huainan Coalfield, Anhui, China

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 399
Author(s):  
Yuan Li ◽  
Wenhui Huang ◽  
Bo Jiu ◽  
Qilong Sun ◽  
Qingsong Che
Keyword(s):  
Coal Seam ◽  
Sedimentary Environment ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Hydrothermal Fluids ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Coal Quality ◽  
Peat Accumulation ◽  
Modes Of Occurrence ◽  
Huainan Coalfield ◽  
Geological Evolution

Minerals in coal provide useful information for not only paleo-environments of peat accumulation, but also for geological evolution during later diagenesis and/or epigenesis. This paper reports new data on coal quality and the mineralogical and geochemical compositions of 17 unaltered (by intrusion) coal samples collected from the Huainan coalfield, providing new insight into the origins and modes of occurrence of the minerals in coal and their geological evolution. The results showed that the studied coal samples were low rank bituminous coal, with low ash yield (11.92–38.31%, average 24.80%) and high volatile content (25.13–43.43%, average 37.29%). Minerals in the coal mainly included kaolinite and quartz; varying proportions of calcite, siderite, ankerite, and pyrite; and traces of chlorite, zircon, strontianite, apatite, and gorceixite. Typical modes of mineral occurrence could be used to determine the formation stage of minerals. The detrital mineral, occurring as sub-angular to rounded discrete fragments or thin layers intimately admixed with organic matter at particular horizons, was of terrigenous origin, deposited during peat accumulation. Cell infillings, as well as nodule siderites and polycrystalline aggregates of pyrite, precipitated during the syngenetic to early diagenetic stages. Cleat infillings, compressed cell infillings, and fracture infillings precipitated in the epigenetic stage. However, the stage of mineral formation of the pore infilling was difficult to determine. Combined with coal quality, mineralogy, and geochemical analysis, the sedimentary environment of Shanxi Formation was affected by seawater, and Fe-rich hydrothermal fluids filled into the No. 3 coal seam in the epigenetic stage. The sedimentary environment of the No. 8 coal seam had widespread reduction and acid conditions due to basin subsidence, and sulfate-rich hydrothermal fluids may have been formed during the peat deposition stage. In contrast, the peat accumulation environment of the Upper Shihezi Formation was oxidized with a low pH condition. Alkaline fluid then flowed into the No. 13-1 coal seam in the epigenetic stage.

Stability of Suspensions and Emulsions Containing Illitic Clays

2016 ◽  
Vol 721 ◽  
pp. 337-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga Jurgelane ◽  
Agnese Stunda-Zujeva ◽  
Liga Berzina-Cimdina
Keyword(s):  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Colloidal Particles ◽  
Colloidal Stability ◽  
Safflower Oil ◽  
Iron Compounds ◽  
Oil In Water ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
The Stability

There are a lot of studies about colloidal stability of suspensions and emulsions containing clay minerals, but only few about illite containing clays. Due to increasing demand for eco cosmetics, research about the possibility to use natural colloidal particles (clay minerals) as stabilizers also increases. In this study illitic clays were used to investigate the stability of glycerol containing suspensions and safflower oil-in-water emulsions. Three types of clay samples were used – chemically untreated, after removal of carbonates and iron compounds. Viscosity and zeta potential of glycerol suspensions was determined. Samples with the highest viscosity were also the most stable. The removal of iron compounds significantly decreased the viscosity of suspensions and increased the zeta potential

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